Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 50

[The sage has no heart, but takes the hearts of the people as his heart. 】

Qian’s case: each edition has the word “chang” under “no”, but the Dunhuang edition and Gu Huan edition have none.In addition, there is no word "Xin" under the "surname" in the seven quotations of Beitang Shuchao, and the word "zhi" under the "surname" in the four hundred and one quotations of Yulan.In this case, it is said that a sage does not use his own heart as a teacher, but only takes the hearts of the people as his heart.

[I will be kind to those who are good, and I will be good to those who are not good, and I will be good.I believe in those who believe, and I also believe in those who do not believe in it. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Those who are good and trustworthy", each book is "virtuous and good", and the next sentence is also the same.The word "letter" is removed from the royal note.

Luo Zhenyu said: "De" is used as "de" in Jinglong edition and Dunhuang edition.

Qian’s case: Yan, Fu, Suizhou and Gu’s citations and explanations, Qiang’s scriptures in Chengshu and Rong’s annotations are also referred to as “get”.Yan and Fu Ben "got goodness", and the section explanation is the same as Yulan Qiliu Citation.Naijuan, Muromachi, Gu, Fan, Peng, and Zhao wrote "virtue is good, virtue is trustworthy".There are no words "to be good" and "to be trustworthy" in governance.Li Daochun said: "Under the words 'Deshan' and 'Dexin', or adding the word 'Yi', no."

[The saint is in the world, he is afraid; for the world, he has his heart. 】

Yan Kejun said: "惊惔", "惵惵" in the imperial annotation, "惔惔" on the river, and "Sheshe" by Wang Bi.Jian Wenyun: "On the river is '怀'." Gao Hong wrote "Chacha".

Luo Zhenyu said: "Jinglong's and Jingfu's two editions are "惵惵", and the imperial annotation edition and Dunhuang edition are "惵惵". "Hundred", Dunhuang's work is "mixed".

Bi Yuan said: Heshang Gong wrote "惊惵", Wang Bi wrote "Sheshe", and Su Lingzhi wrote "惵惵" in Minghuang's annotation.Lu Deming said: "One book is '惵惵', and Heshang's is 'Dan Dan'. Jian Wen said: 'Heshang's book is 怀怔.'" In this case, Heshang's work is "惵惵", which is the same as the original in Jianwen.There is no word "惵" in ancient times, and it is written as "惊感", and "惵" and "惵" have similar meanings.

Qianzhi's case: Muromachi, Nai Juan, and Gu Huan wrote "怪惧", which is the same as this stone.Fu and Fanben wrote "Sheshe", the same as Wang Bi.Qingyang, Fenxi, Louzheng, Peng, and Zhao made "惵惵", the same imperial annotation.Note on Heshang: "The sage is fearful in the world, often afraid of riches and honor, and dare not be arrogant and extravagant." It is Heshang's original work of "fearful", and Jian Wenyun's "Heben is afraid of fear", it is also true."惊" in the Tang version is mostly written as "惵", and the Gai version has strict annotations.Yan Junping said: "If you are rejuvenated, you can cover everything with an open mind."

Peng Xi's commentary said: "Sheshe is solidly meaningless, and so is scorpion. Foolish scorpion is regarded as a scorpion, which is dangerous and fearful. It is also a false word." The case of Qian: Yupian: "sin, it is annoying, Fear too." "Fear, shame, fear." He also said: "Fear, fear." Guangya explained the second: "Fear, fear." Shi Xun: "Fear, fear." Rites Jijitong: "The heart is fearful and it is treated with courtesy." Mencius: "Everyone has a heart of fear and compassion." It is that "惵惵" and "惵惵" are both the appearance of fear, and the meaning is the same.In the case of "Hun Qixin", Suizhou, Jingfu, Yuzhu, Qingyang, Fenxi, Louzheng, Naijuan, Muromachi, Heshang, Gu, Gao, and Zhao all share this stone.Yan Zun and Peng Si don't have the word "Qi", Fu's version is "Hun Hun Yan", and the model version is "Hun Xin Yan".Fan Yun: "Strict compliance, Wang Bi is the same as the ancient version." The case is muddy, which means muddled.Lu Lan's great music chapter: "Hundred and chaotic." Annotated by Jiang Fu in Wenxuan: "Hundred and chaotic, the chicken eggs are not separated." .”

Liu Shipei said: In this case, the sentence "the sage is in the world" and the sentence "sheshe is" are suspicious of the word "ren". "She She Wei" is the same as "Chaos and Chaos" in Chapter [-], and it is also a word to describe "letting the world".An anthology of Tokyo Fu Li's Notes quoted Lao Tzu as saying: "The sage is in the world, and the sage is in the world."It is enough to prove that the sentence "Sheshe Wei" in the ancient version, "Wei" and "Yan" are the same.

Qian's case: Liu said it was not true.All the books are written as "in" and not "ren". The whole sentence should read: "A sage is in the world, he is afraid; for the world, he is muddy." "Hun Hun" is right, the three characters "Hun Qi Xin" are "Hun Hun" annotations.Fu Ben said, "The sage is in the world, he is She Sheyan; for the world, he is Hun Hun Yan", the characters "Zhi" and "Yan" are both added, but the two characters "Hun Hun" and "怪惧" are undoubtedly opposite.

[The common people pay attention to their ears and eyes, and the saints are all children. 】

Luo Zhenyu said: "All the common people pay attention to their ears and eyes." Wang Benjin escapes this sentence, and Jinglong, Yuzhu, and Dunhuang editions all have it.

Ji Yun said: "Baby" in the case, Shi Wenyun: "Wang Bi coughed." According to the annotation, it is still suitable to be "baby."

Takeuchi Yoshio said: Dun and Sui's two "children" are called "口".Explanation: "Cough, this is a child".

The case of modesty: "cough" in today's Fu and model editions, and "horror" in strict compliance with this edition.Fan said: "cough, why cut it, the child is smiling. The old version and the interpretation are coughed together."

Yu Yue said: "According to "for the sake of the world, purify one's heart", there are seven words on the river that "all the people pay attention to their ears and eyes", and Wang Bi should also have it, so the note says: "In this way, those who speak say what they know, and those who do do it What he can do, the common people pay attention to his ears and eyes, and I am all children." It can be proved that he has this sentence.Annotated with the four characters "everyone uses his wisdom", under the sentence "for the world, purify his heart", it is a correct interpretation of the friendship of "the common people pay attention to their ears and eyes".

Qian's case: It is also based on supplements.The kings mistakenly got rid of this sentence, but the Taoist king originally had it.Also "Zhu" still gathers together, Zhou Li Beastman and Kou Tianshu: "Zhu still gathers." Note its ears and eyes, that is, gather its ears and eyes.Gu Bencheng said: "On the river, "notes" are written, and all books are "floating". In this way, the word "float" in the case is a vain person who changed the word with his mind in order to conform to the Buddha's teaching, and Lao Tzu did not do this.

Gao Heng said: "Baby" is borrowed as "恩".Said the text: "Wai, Waiguan also." Hanshu Lüli Zhi "Away hides all things", Yan Zhuo quoted Jin Zhuo said: "Waikai is called Ai." The sages are all children, and it is said that the sages close the eyes and ears of the people. .The above text says that "Sheshe is for the world to muddy its mind", that is to say, to make the world's people's hearts muddy and ignorant.This article says that "the common people pay attention to their eyes and ears, and the sages ignore them."This is Lao Tzu's policy of fooling the people. The words "baby" and "cough" are also used as "cough" because they are borrowed characters.The eighth chapter of Yanzi's outer chapter: "The tail of the neck is coughing in the sky and the earth!" Sun Xingyan said: "Coughing is the same as tearing."

[Phonetic Rhyme] Jiang's rhyme in this chapter has no rhyme.Chen Zhu: Two rhymes with the word "heart", three rhymes with the word "good", and three rhymes with the word "faith".

There are 63 characters in the Youjinglong stele version, 62 characters in the Dunhuang version, 64 characters in the Heshang and Wang versions, 68 characters in the Fu version, and 69 characters in the model version.Heshang's title is "Ren De No.40", Wang's title is "Chapter 49", and the model title is "Sage's Impermanence Chapter No.40".

(End of this chapter)