Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 30

[If you want to take over the world and do it, I see it as a last resort. 】

The case of Qian: Fu, Fan Ben, Wang Xizhi, and Zhao Mengfu have the word "Zhe" under "for it".In addition, Zhang Taishou of the Daoist Song Dynasty engraved four annotations under the sentence "for it", and Wang's annotation had the four characters "for making it", and he, Wang Ben, took off this sentence.

[An artifact in the world, you can't do it.Those who do will lose, and those who persist will lose. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Sacred Artifact", there is the word "Ye" under the "Artifact" in the grand ceremony. "Do not do", each book has the word "ye" under "do".

The case of Qian: Suizhou, Jingfu, and Dunhuang have no word "ye".Also, on the word "Tian", Fu and Fanben have the word "Fu", but He Shanggong and Wang Bi have none.Fan Yingyuan said: "The word 'husband' is the same as the ancient version in the Ruan Ji."

Yi Shunding said: According to "do not do", there should be a sentence "do not insist", please give three proofs to prove it.Anthology Gan Ling Sheng Jin Ji General Discussion Citation Zi said Lao Tzu said: "The world is a great tool, it cannot be held on, and it cannot be done. Those who do it will lose it, and those who hold it will lose it." The proof is one.Wang Zhuyun: "So it can be done because it can't be done, and it can be understood but not insisted on." Wang Zhu has it, so we can know it in this article.Its proof two.Chapter 64 of the second part says: "Those who do will lose, and those who persist will lose. It is because a sage does not do anything that he cannot fail, and that he does not persevere so he does not lose." .If there is another article, there is also this article.Its proof three.Covering the sentence "the one who persists loses it", there must be a sentence "not to be persistent".

Ma Xulun said: "Peng Si cited Huang Maocai and said: "The divine weapon of the world cannot be made or held on to. As for the human body, is it not a divine weapon?" This is Huang Jianben's sentence.

For the case of modesty: "Those who do what they do will lose", see also Chapter 64.He Guanzi Beizhi said: "Those who do it are defeated, and those who rule are chaotic." It should also be based on this.

【Husband walks or follows, or brags or brags,】

Yan Kejun said: "Husband things", each book is "old things".

Qian's case: The Suizhou version and the Dunhuang version share the same stone.Also "or boo", Heshang and Yuzhu wrote "or 呴", Wang Bi wrote "or 歔", Jing Fu's version "or xu", and Dunhuang's two copies are the same stone.It is also true that An Dun, Jing, and Sui each wrote "or boo". "Shush" and "blow" mutual training.Hush, boast, from the mouth, empty voice; blow, boast, from the mouth and owe.Volume 54 of all scriptures and meanings quotes the text "晚" as "boasting".Juan [-] first quotes Gu Yewang Yun's "Shhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhh"."But "blowing" is the same as "shushing", but the urgency is different.Yi Shunding said: "According to the original character of '歔', it is regarded as 'shush', and the following 'strong' or 'lei', 'strong' is opposite to 'lei', and 'shush' is also opposite to 'blowing'. Yupian Mouth , the two characters of boasting and blowing are interlinked, that is, the original Laozi. He also quoted the voice as saying: "When you breathe out quickly, you call it blowing, and when you breathe out slowly, you call it blowing." The difference between blowing and blowing is the ancient meaning of Laozi. There is also the word "呴" , citing Lao Tzu as saying 'either hum or blow', which is the same as the Heshang version, and it is a common character after the Han Dynasty." Also the word "hush", Fu and Fanben as "silence".Fan Yingyuan said: "'Keep silent' is strictly in accordance with the ancient text, and the Chu Ci is quoted as saying: 'Shut up and not speak.'" Qian Zhi's case: Shuowen: "Shut up means shutting the mouth." Chu Ci said: "Shut up is silence. "Yi" is the opposite of "blowing".The rhyme of four tones in Xia Song's ancient prose quotes the word "chui" from the Tao Te Ching as the mouth, and "chui" and "silence" are opposites, and the theory is also logical.

[Either strong or win, or pick or mouth. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Or win", each book is "or win". "Or Jie", "Jie" in Yuzhu and Heshang is "Zai", and Wang Bi and Liang Jianwen are "Frustration".

Luo Zhenyu said: "Maybe strong", Dunhuang's work is "strong". "Or Zuo", Heshang, Yuzhu, and Jingfu wrote "Zai", and Jinglong and Dunhuang wrote "Jie".

Fan Yingyuan said: "It can be strong or mutilated, cultivated or degraded." Yan Zun, Wang Bi, Fu Yi, and Ruan Ji are the same as the ancient version.Bi Yuan said: "Fallen", commonly known as "隳", is not.

Yu Yue said: According to "Zui", Heshang's original work is "Zai", with notes "Zai, An Ye", "隳, Wei Ye", which means that "Zai" and "隳" are relative texts, and the above "either strong or strong" Lei" all.However, Wang Bi originally wrote "setback", so it has no ambiguity with "隳".It is suspected that "frustration" is a mistake in the word "zai". "Zai" is used as a mouth in seal script, so it is mistaken for frustration. "Or in or 隳", that is, "or Zai or 隳", Zai from the sound of the mouth, Zai from the sound of talent, or also from the sound of the mouth.The sound is the same, so it can be used universally.

Takeuchi Yoshio said: Jia Dayin said that "Wang Ben is either a connection or a concubine." (Quoted outside Takikawa's column) According to this, Wang Ben wrote "reception" instead of "frustration".Jinglong Stele is also called "Jie".Although, "frustration" and "connection" do not work.According to Fan Yingyuan's collection, Wang wrote "Pei" or "Fall".According to Wang's original work of "Pei", the word "Pei" was wrongly changed to "Jie", and then it was changed to "Frustration". "Pei" is the synonym of "Pei" in "Peifeng" in Zhuangzi's Happy Journey, which means to ride, and it is opposite to the word "隳".The word "Zai" in Heshang's original work also means to ride, and it is also the one who changed the character in Heshang's original scriptures.

Yu Xingwu said: According to "Jie", it should be read as "Jie". "Jie" and "Jie" are words with double tones and overlapping rhymes.In the Book of Rites, it is "received in a big prison", and the note: "Received reading is a victory." In the 32nd year of Gongyang Xi, "Zheng Bo received his death", Zuo Zhuan and Gu Liang made "jie".In the 12th year of Zuozhuang, "Song Wan killed his king and succeeded", and Gongyang was "received".Xunzi's rough outline "Consider things first is called receiving", Note: "Accepting and reading is victory." Zhuangzi's human life "The prince will surely take advantage of others to fight for victory", the interpretation: "The victory is the connection." Erya's interpretation: " Victory means victory." Said the text: "A defeated city is called 隓, written in Chinese seal script." It means that there is a meaning of defeat, victory and defeat, and righteousness is opposite.Qian's case: "口" in the stele is a variant of "隳".Yu also said that "zai" and "隳" are relative, Takeuchi said that "pei" and "隳" are relative, and Yu said that "jie" and "fall" are relative. The three theories have their own explanations, and all of them can be understood. win.

[So the sage goes to extremes, to extravagance, to Thailand. 】

The case of modesty: Han Feizi's foreign reserve said that the lower left quote was "the old gentleman went to Thailand, and went to the extreme". The word "very" in Heshang's note is "greedy and lustful", that's right.Said the text: "What's more, you are An Le, follow the sweetness and the horse. The horse is the couple." Zhu Jun said: "The diet of the sweet man, the man and woman of the horse, the great desire of human beings, so teach Anle especially."

[Phonetic Rhyme] The reading of Jiang's rhyme in this chapter: Sui, Blow, Lei, Fallen rhyme (the song department, blowing sound, Lei sound, Luo, falling, level tone).Xi Tong: "笉", from the model as "剉", with the rhymes of following, blowing, cutting, and falling.Deng Tingzhen said: Sui, Chui, Lei, and 隓 are rhymes, and the ancient sounds are all songs. "Sui", the ancient phoneme Heqie, the name of the Eight Scholars of the Analects of Confucius, "Sui" and "騧" rhyme. "Chui", the ancient sound of Aqie, and the poem "The wind blows its daughter", rhymes with "harmony". "笛", the ancient pronunciation is like mouth, win. "隓", Jinwen Shangshu Gao Taokou rhymes with "鄞" and "lazy".

The right Jinglong stele is not divided into chapters, 57 characters, the Dunhuang version is the same, the Heshang and Wang versions have 58 characters, and the Fu and model versions have 20 characters.Heshang's title is "Wuwei No. 29", Wang's title is "Chapter 20", and the model title is "Jiangyu Chapter No. [-]".

(End of this chapter)