No Regrets In Flourishing Tang

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Li An is standing on the top of Little Pagoda Mountain and carefully observing the Yang Family Grange at the foot of the mountain. Because there is a telescope in his hand, Li An can shorten the distance ten times. The original manor was only a few miles away from the top of the mountain It ’s just the road, and after being ten times closer, the distance is only 2 300 meters. This distance is very close. Although you ca n’t see your face clearly, people ’s daily activities can be seen clearly. You can see everything clearly, and these people don’t know that Li An is watching them.

The area of ​​this Yang Family village is still very impressive. According to Li An ’s estimation, it covers an area of ​​at least 50 acres, which is a very large village. After all, this is not an area inside the city, but an area outside the city. Understand.

There are hundreds of buildings in the manor. The tallest building has 100 floors, which is a semi-wood structure, the lower layer is made of stones, and the upper layer is made of wood, which is a typical form of Great Tang.

In addition to the occupancy’s house, there is a large area in the Yang Family Manor that is a warehouse. The area of ​​this warehouse occupies at least 1/4. The stacks of granaries and haystacks are very clear.

The granary naturally stores grain, which is a very important resource, and the haystacks are all handed over by the tenant farmers during the busy season of the farm. The tenant farmers must turn over the remaining straw for their own use.

The Yang Family’s manor has so many straws, naturally there are 2 uses, in fact, it can be used to feed the manor’s cattle, sheep, horses and donkeys. Cattle is the main labor for arable land, pulling goods, and overturning. Sheep is an economy. The food is of a better type, not to mention the role of donkeys and horses. Donkeys can be used to pull carts. Horses are a necessary means of transportation. There is not enough straw. How to ensure the survival of these animals.

Another function is naturally to cook fire. Straw can be used for cooking in addition to feeding livestock. Straw is a very useful fuel. Although the burning of straw is far less durable than firewood, the straw It is easier to ignite, and it is better to use it mixed with firewood. Especially when you start cooking, you must order a straw. After the straw has been burned for a period of time, put in the firewood that is not easy to ignite, so that the wood can be fully Ignite, if the firewood is used directly from the beginning, I am afraid that the firewood will not be able to light up simply, so it will delay cooking.

Corresponding to the warehouse occupying 1/4 of the area, the livestock covers an area of ​​1/4. Li An carefully observed with a telescope and found that these animals are really many, there are more than ten types, which greatly exceeded Li An’s expectations. .

First of all, the animals Li An has seen most are chickens, ducks and geese. Among them, there are more chickens and ducks and fewer geese. These poultry are captive, and the total number should exceed 1000. Then, there are few cats and dogs. There are only a dozen of them, and there are more Yellow Ox, which looks more than 100. It is estimated that there are still some carts that are transported outside. Actually, there are more than 200 heads. There are more sheep than cattle. It seems that there are more than 300 horses. It seems that there are more than 20 horses, but the actual number is definitely more than that. From the number of stables, we can see that the actual number will only be more. There should be more than 30 horses. The number of donkeys should be similar to that of horses. You can see it.

Pigs are definitely indispensable, but the pigsty is blocked by the stables and do n’t see how much is behind. It is estimated that there will not be less. After all, there are so many grains harvested every year, and wheat bran and rice bran are very large. It ’s a pity that these things are thrown away directly, and can be used to raise pigs, so you can do more with one fell swoop.

Wheat bran and rice bran are used to raise pigs. Not only can a large amount of pork be harvested, but the pig manure produced can also be used to fertilize crops to make the crops grow better and harvest better, and the manure of these livestock is provided to the tenant farmers for free This is very user-friendly, but it is also conditional, that is, the 100 surnames who get manure must provide a certain amount of labor to the Dong family. Livestock, or several families take turns to take care of the pigsty of the Dong family, to do free labor, and then they can get pig manure, the average score of several families is just that.

The tenant farmer is most in need of labor, and the East family is most in need of labor, which can also be regarded as a win-win situation. At the same time, you can also see the savvy of Yang Family as a family, which is too good for accounting, just use some waste You can get enough labor for free for pig manure, which is really too savvy, and it is even more ruthless than Zhou Paipi. If the farm is later, the wage for the workers is the pig manure of the farm, and the workers have not rebelled. And many tenant farmers of Yang Family are so willing to take care of the livestock of the Dong family, just because of the little insignificant manure, the oppression is too serious.

Of course, this is also because the labor of Great Tang is not valuable. In addition to the obvious increase in labor prices in Beijing, the labor in Shuzhong is very cheap. Basically, only a small amount of money is needed to hire a good labor. It ’s easier to understand a little manure for free labor.

Looking at the Yang Family Manor in front of him, Li An felt that the Great Tang ’s manor was very different from the later European medieval manor. The two did not have any comparability at all, and the difference was too great.

For example, the crops grown and the livestock raised are very different

The medieval manor crops in Europe, mainly wheat, are also the main food eaten by humans, but the growth period is slow, the output is low and the land requirements are high, barley is also very common, the growth period is relatively short, and the yield is high, but very It is difficult for humans to eat, unless it is during a famine, normally it is mainly used for feeding horses, which is in sharp contrast to the rich crops of Great Tang.

Economic crops are more distinctive, mainly including grapes and olives. The former can be said to be a legacy of the Roman period, usually used for wine production, and the latter is used to make oils, that is, olive oil, a very healthy Edible oil.

The development of animal husbandry is also pretty good, similar to the situation of Great Tang. At that time, cattle and horses were also necessities. The number of cattle must be guaranteed, otherwise there would be no effective arable land, and horses are also necessary for military service. It is indispensable. Knight does not exist without horses, and the meat consumed is mainly provided by poultry and livestock, mainly pigs, sheep, chickens, etc. When the weather is suitable, a certain amount must also be guaranteed, but because it was raised at the time The conditions are backward, so these poultry can not pass the winter, so it became a festival when a large number of slaughter in autumn, because this can avoid their death and can be stored for a long time, the main preservation method is cured meat.

At that time, the peasants lived in poverty and had a heavy burden, which was even more painful than the 100 surnames of Great Tang. Their class included almost all kinds of labor. This class worked long hours and lived as men and women. There is also a legal obligation to engage in labor, such as building bridges and roads. This is similar to Great Tang. However, Great Tang can pay money without labor, but they cannot be exempted even if they pay money.

The living conditions of peasants are also very poor, there is no bed at home, and there is no entertainment, life is monotonous and immutable, and the cultural and entertainment activities of Great Tang are very rich. There is no secular cultural education in the early Middle Ages in Europe, and farmers do n’t know words. There are no books to read. At that time, only the priest had a handwritten copy of the parchment book.

The burden of the peasants in the Middle Ages is also extremely rare, far exceeding the burden of the surname of Great Tang 100. The rent in kind, the rent for labor, the cost of using public facilities, and the marriage tax that must be paid when married. This is a very wonderful flower, especially the manor. Foreigners also have to pay fines and inheritance taxes. In addition, the serfs also have to bear the living expenses of the manor, and those who are exploited can no longer be exploited.

It can be seen that the economic life of the medieval manor in Europe is very fragile, and the living range of the farmers is narrow. If there is wind and grass, there will be problems. The disasters and plagues of that period are even more common. The status, few serfs dared to resist, this manor life lasted for a long time in the Middle Ages, and was not broken until the late Middle Ages.

From this point of view, the life of the tenant farmers of Great Tang seems a bit happy, because the surname of Great Tang 100 is indeed better than the serf, and there is no harm without comparison.

Of course, although the Great Tang manor is stronger than the medieval manor in Europe, it is much worse than the manor of later generations, because the later generations have entered a highly civilized society, and various conditions are much better than ancient ones. , The manor is also divided into many categories according to function, such as diet manor, sports manor, business manor, experience manor, and health manor.

The food and beverage estates are characterized by ecological, green, organic, and pollution-free food, surrounded by green trees, fresh air, and far away from the hustle and bustle. The main operating products are drinking tea, farm food, barbecue and other food and leisure projects.

Sports estates are characterized by elegant environments and leisure sports, and are aimed at urban high-income people, businessmen and other high-income people as the leisure market for the target market, while business estates require business meetings, vacation and leisure functions, and their beautiful environment Fresh air is a feature.

The experience type manor is mainly engaged in agricultural picking, planting, breeding and grazing, etc., with residents as the main source market, and plays the role of educating children and entertaining themselves. verdant hills and limpid water, fresh air, quiet and quiet, charming scenery is the characteristics of health and leisure manor. Health and Leisure Manor is the first choice for those who are tired of the urban life of reinforced concrete, crowded people, and 1000 uniforms. If they want to find a living space close to nature and release themselves, Health and Leisure Manor is their first choice.

The main function of Yang Family Manor right now is production and storage, and also has certain leisure functions. However, these leisure are not prepared for ordinary tenant farmers, but for themselves.

In addition to 1/4 of the storage area and 1/4 of the breeding space, there is half of the space, and of the remaining half of the space, only 1/4 is a large number of residential areas, and the remaining 1/4 It is the back garden, that is, Yang Family Owner’s leisure and entertainment venue.

The manor is distributed according to the Tianzi grid, and is divided into four equal parts on average. The southeast corner is the storage area, the southwest corner is the livestock area, the northwest is the back garden, and the core area of ​​the occupant is the northeast corner.

This arrangement is also a decision made after fully considering the wind direction and other factors. After all, the livestock area is easy to emit odor, so the livestock area must be far away from the residential area. In order to prevent the influence of the wind, the The livestock area is located in the southwest corner, so whether it is southeast wind or northwest wind, the smell will not affect the other areas, especially the residential area, it can be said that it is completely unaffected, and the back garden and storage area are affected. The impact is also very small, which is very helpful for improving the living experience.

Although the core residential area occupies only 1/4 of the whole manor, which is like a dozen acres, it is actually not small. The entire area is converted into a square of more than 8000 square meters, and the general ordinary residences of later generations are only more than 100 Square meters, these 8000 square meters means 80 suites of future generations, and even if it is a villa house, it occupies only one acre of land, which is far smaller than this.

Building a house on a dozen acres of land and creating eight-nine yards is a matter of ease, so the area is still very large, and only the landlord ’s house can have such a large area. The ordinary old 100 households account for The land area can only be half an acre, which is even smaller in the city. Therefore, in ancient times, it was very unfair. People with money and status can have very large living space, and the poor 100 people But can only live in a very small space.

The population density in the ancient times was relatively small, and the living in later generations was actually worse. In many densely populated areas, the area of ​​the house is not even a bit. A house with only one bed can be built. Well, some houses have been transformed into 3 floors, each with a height of only 3 feet, a length of seven-eight chi, and a width of 4 5 feet. This is almost the same as the coffin, so it is also imaged by people Called the coffin room, which is even more miserable than ancient times. In addition, there are some coffin areas surrounded by iron wire, called pigeon cages. The area where each person lives can only accommodate a large living person, trapping people in this way. In a small space, this is no different from raising livestock, and there is no living experience at all.

In terms of living area, the area of ​​tenant farmers in ancient times was higher than that of many urban people in later generations. After all, the ancient population was relatively small, and the land was relatively abundant. Even the lowest 100 surnames can be divided into good ones. The living area, a few rooms in a family is not a problem, and there are generally yards, the area of ​​the countryside is even more impressive, and the crowded living generally exists only in later cities.