Modern social etiquette and eloquence

Chapter 22 Speech Etiquette and Eloquence (3)
When the speech reaches its climax, the audience's cerebral cortex is highly excited, full of emotions, and focused. At this time, the decisive ending can leave a deep impression on the audience.The American writer John Wolfe once said: "The speech is best stopped when the audience is not yet interested." On the eve of the American Revolutionary War, the US Secretary of State Patrick Henry's speech at the Virginia State Assembly adopted this method. ended in one way.

"Our countrymen are already on the battlefield, why should we stand here and stand by? What do gentlemen want? What are they trying to achieve? Life is so precious? Peace is so sweet? Even in chains and slavery O Almighty God, stop it! In this battle, I know not what others will do, and as for me, give me liberty or give me death!"

Henry stopped abruptly with the words "Give me liberty or give me death", which stunned the audience, and then the voice of "Take up arms" sounded. "Give me liberty or give me death" has become the great oath of the American people for independence and freedom.

[-]. Welcome speech: Warm and cordial, lively and decent

The welcome speech is an etiquette speech style used to welcome the arrival of the guests at the ceremony to welcome the guests.The welcome words help to leave a good impression on the guests, strengthen the understanding and communication between the host and the guest, and lay the foundation for the smooth work.

The main content of the welcome speech includes:

Greet or thank guests on behalf of the host.Explain the purpose and significance of the guest's visit, describe the history and current situation of the guest-host interaction, and look forward to the prospects of future cooperation.Conclude with another welcome or thank you or with a few words of blessing and hope.

The welcome speech is also particular, and the basic requirements are generally as follows.

(1) Grasp the rigorous and formal characteristics of etiquette speeches, and on this basis, try to use a warm tone to create a lively atmosphere.

(2) Telling the tradition of hospitality of the host can make the guests feel the kindness of the atmosphere.

(3) Try to seek common ground while reserving differences, fully affirm the existing good relationship or cooperation achievements between the host and the guest, and handle or temporarily put aside differences in principles and opinions.

(4) Sincerely praising the guests is an effective way to quickly win the recognition and favor of the guests.

(5) Appropriately citing examples, proverbs, dialects, etc. familiar to the guests can shorten the psychological distance between each other and gain the recognition of the guests.The more comprehensive and detailed the speaker's understanding of the guests, the easier it is to gain the favor of the guests.

Wu Guanzheng, the former mayor of Wuhan, made a wonderful welcome speech in "Welcome to the Manchester Delegation". The full text is as follows.

"Dear friends, ladies and gentlemen of the City of Manchester delegation":
"First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the Wuhan Municipal People's Government and the 600 million citizens of the city, to warmly welcome the Manchester delegation headed by Speaker Gulaihan Stringer to visit Wuhan, and take this opportunity to extend my cordial greetings to the people of Manchester. Regards and best wishes.”

"'It's a joy to have friends from afar!' This is a sentence in the famous work "The Analects" of our nation more than 2000 years ago. At this moment, I am in this mood. The delegation this time is to discuss the conclusion of friendship between the two cities I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my friends for their efforts to contribute to the friendship between the two cities!"

"Wuhan and Manchester share a common foundation for establishing sister city relations: China-UK relations have made gratifying progress in many fields in recent years, and the successful resolution of the Hong Kong issue has created new conditions for China-UK relations to move forward to a higher level, enabling The friendly cooperation between China and the UK has entered a new historical period; in recent years, the governments and people of our two cities have had more contact with each other, deepened understanding and enhanced friendship."

"There is a long distance in the world, but we have the same wishes. Although we are thousands of miles apart, the distant space barrier has given way to the common belief and desire of the people of the two cities to strengthen friendly cooperation. There is a British proverb that goes well: 'Although the road is long, the more The closer you go, the closer you go.'”

"Friends, your schedule for visiting Han has already begun. I hope you will feel at home and have a happy life during your stay in Han. I wish your visit a complete success!"

In this speech welcoming British guests, the speaker first extended a warm welcome and cordial greetings to the guests on behalf of the government and citizens, and then expressed the hospitality and hospitality of the host with a sentence "It is a joy to have friends coming from afar". The speaker's mood at the moment pointed out that the guest's trip has achieved the purpose and significance of enhancing the friendship between the two sides.When negotiating the history and current situation of the cooperation between the guest and the host, the speaker paid special attention to requiring common ground while reserving differences, and fully affirmed the sincerity and achievements of the cooperation between the two parties.On this basis, the speaker looked forward to the bright future of the cooperation between the two sides and drew a blueprint full of hope.In the end, the speaker once again expressed his thanks and greetings to the foreign guests, and quoted a proverb familiar to the British people, which showed his understanding and respect for the guests, further shortened the psychological distance between the guests and the host, and achieved good results .

9. Farewell words: the carrier of deep affection and willingness
A farewell speech is a speech made at a ceremony or gathering to see off guests, relatives, friends, colleagues, etc.The farewell words can draw a more satisfactory end to the visit of the guests, or put forward entrustments and hopes for the travel of relatives, friends and colleagues, and take this opportunity to strengthen mutual communication and understanding.

The main content of the farewell speech is as follows.

(1) On behalf of the host, extend cordial greetings to the departing guests or relatives, friends and colleagues.

(2) Review the general history of the guests during the visit, positively evaluate the results of exchanges and cooperation between the two parties, or review the life experiences of getting along with relatives, friends and colleagues.Recall the touching cases, or emphasize the mission and significance of this trip, and raise hope.

(3) Wish the friendship between the guest and the host will last forever, and extend sincere greetings to the guests again, or wish relatives, friends and colleagues a pleasant journey, and smooth work and life in the future, etc.

The basic requirements of the farewell words are as follows.

(1) Rigorous attitude, deep feelings, showing reluctance, and creating a touching atmosphere.

(2) Set aside differences and positively evaluate the consensus or cooperation results reached by the host and the guest, which is conducive to the development of future work.

(3) Tell in detail the outstanding and touching cases when getting along with relatives, friends and colleagues, and strengthen the details and sense of presence, so as to arouse the audience's thinking and resonance.

A certain Mr. made a speech entitled "It's Difficult to Say Goodbye" at the farewell tea party.

"Dear comrades":
"As the saying goes: 'It's hard to say goodbye when we meet!' At today's tea party to send off old comrades-in-arms, old schoolmates, and old friends Comrade Bie Qinglin, I will take the lead in 'saying goodbye' first, throwing jade to attract bricks (misunderstood laugh) ——Bricks! (Applause)”

"Comrade Bie Qinglin is a ox. Coincidentally, he gave us the impression that he is honest, upright, kind, and selfless. He is an old scalper who pushes hard! (Enthusiastic applause)"

"Over the past few years, Comrade Bie Qinglin has been carrying a heavy burden like an ox: taking care of his sick wife, raising his youngest son, and supporting the elderly, but he has never let go of his revolutionary car! In his position as a news officer, he has worked hard, worked hard, climbed the grid, and racked his brains , It can be said that the article is smoky and roasted, and the water, wine and light tea are blooming! (Applause, cheers) The top of the head of the early Huafa is the "knowledge world" he has worked hard; the wrinkles and "fishtail" that appeared early are his The aftermath of traveling in the sea of ​​books."

"There is a catchphrase: 'There is a woman who is not allowed to marry a reporter. She keeps a vacant room all year round. Occasionally, she goes home and brings back a pile of dirty clothes!' Our Comrade Bie Qinglin is also such a reporter. Feng Moyu has traveled all over the Zhongzhou police camp, and has repeatedly passed the house without entering. Because of this, the officers and soldiers of the armed police gave him a veritable and appropriate nickname-the old scalper who never let go of his grip!"

"However, he is not only an old scalper, but also a thousand-mile horse! He is a courageous, knowledgeable, virtuous, talented, politically astute, courageous, and gallant horse! (Applause) This is What has been proved by his struggle long ago: there is no lack of Bie Qinglin’s name in the prints on newspapers and periodicals at all levels, the voices in radio stations at all levels, and the figures in various pictorials! (Laughter)”

"What's more, I'm proud that I discovered this excellent Chollima at first! (Applause) But right now, 'Bole' is about to bid farewell to the Chollima. My heart is very nostalgic and very complicated."

"However, I am also relieved. The Chollima is nearly [-] years old, and it is the time when it is full of blood. It should go to the vast world to fight, to gallop, to compete, to make contributions, and to win the honor worthy of the title of the Chollima! (Warm applause) Thank you!"

Throughout the ages, people have often used farewell words to express their sorrow and hatred, and to express their deep affection and friendship.When parting, all unpleasant things are put down, and people want to seize this last opportunity to express their feelings to their friends, say treasure, and send a piece of blessing.

This farewell speech is exquisitely conceived, starting with the friend "belonging to the ox", and making a pertinent evaluation of the person being sent away, expressing the mixed feelings of the speaker who both welcome and say goodbye.Metaphors and techniques run through the whole story, sublimating feelings and evaluations, and deepening the feeling of farewell.Although it is a parting sentiment, the expression of the speech is not sad and negative, but full of enthusiasm and joy, which makes people have to admire.

[-]. Opening Speech: Solemn, Warm and Bright
The opening speech is an important speech made by the host or main leader of the party and government organs, social groups, enterprises and institutions at the beginning of the meeting.The opening speech is the prelude to the whole meeting, promoting and influencing the process of the meeting.

The main contents of the opening speech include the following aspects.

(1) Beginning.The opening part includes addressing the participants, announcing the opening of the meeting, introducing the participants, and explaining the preparations for the meeting.

(2) Subject.Write down the era background and historical environment of the meeting; explain the topics and agenda of the meeting; put forward relevant requirements for attending the meeting; clarify the guiding ideology of the meeting, and propose future policies, routes and tasks.The main part is long and has a large capacity, so it should be considered and arranged as a whole.

(3) End: Send out an appeal to the participants, put forward hopes and requirements, and wish the conference a success.

Basic requirements for the opening statement:
The opening speech often sets the tone of the entire meeting. Therefore, when expressing, it is necessary to create an atmosphere suitable for it according to the theme of the meeting.The language strives to be concise and clear, friendly and enthusiastic; to be colloquial, and to use more inspiring sentence patterns to convey warm and sincere emotions.

"The Chinese people have stood up since then" - Mao Zedong's opening speech at the First National People's Political Consultative Conference.

"Our meeting is called the Political Consultative Conference because we held a Political Consultative Conference with the Chiang Kai-shek Kuomintang three years ago. The result of that meeting was joined by the Chiang Kai-shek Kuomintang and its accomplices. Conducive to the tasks of the people. It is useless even if a resolution is reluctantly made. When the time is right, they will tear up a resolution and fight a cruel war against the people. The only gain of that meeting is that it gave a deep education to the people To make the people understand that there is absolutely no room for compromise with the running dogs of imperialism, Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang and its accomplices, either to overthrow these people, or to be massacred and oppressed by these people, and there is no other way. Yes. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the Chinese people have quickly awakened and organized themselves in more than three years to form a nationwide anti-imperialism, feudalism, bureaucratic capitalism and its centralized Representing the united front of the Kuomintang reactionary government, aiding the People's War of Liberation, basically overthrowing the Kuomintang reactionary government, overthrowing imperialist politics in China, and restoring the Political Consultative Conference."

"Gentlemen, gentlemen, we have a common feeling that our work will be written in the history of mankind, and it will show that the Chinese, who account for 1/4 of the total number of human beings, have stood up since then. The Chinese have always been a great Our brave and industrious nation has only fallen behind in modern times. This backwardness is completely the result of being oppressed and exploited by foreign imperialism and the reactionary government of our country. We have united and defeated the internal and external oppressors with the People's War of Liberation and the Great People's Revolution , announced the founding of the People's Republic of China. From then on, our nation will be included in the big family of peace-loving and freedom-loving nations in the world. We will work bravely and diligently to create our own civilization and happiness, and at the same time promote world peace and freedom .Our nation will no longer be an insulted nation, we have stood up. Our revolution has won the sympathy and cheers of the people all over the world, and our friends are all over the world."

In the opening speech "The Chinese people have stood up since then", almost all of the speech used declarative sentences in form.Because the speaker uses rhetorical techniques such as multiple attributives and quantifiers, he avoids the dull and monotonous feeling caused by excessive use of judgment sentences, and instead gives people a calm and powerful impression.

This speech used quite a lot of parallel sentences of "we" and "le", which fully demonstrated the pride of the Chinese people after the victory of the revolution and the heroic spirit of contempt for all reactionaries, highlighting the great strength of the people and the self-confidence of the nation.

In terms of content, the whole speech is based on facts and expresses one's feelings directly without too much foreshadowing.

In terms of emotional color, this speech gives people a noble, solemn and powerful feeling throughout, without too many emotional changes, it is difficult to find where is the climax.

This opening speech is magnificent and solemn, like the Yellow River rushing down thousands of miles.

[-]. Closing Remarks: Excited and Excited
The closing speech is the concluding speech made by the relevant leaders or respected persons to the meeting when the meeting is about to close by the party and government organs, social groups, enterprises and institutions.Closing remarks are the epilogue and mark the end of the entire meeting.

The main content of the closing speech includes the following parts.

(1) The beginning part.The first is to properly address the participants, and then explain that the meeting has completed the scheduled tasks and is about to close successfully, and then expounds the situation, significance and impact of the meeting process.

(2) The main part.Summarize the main items and basic spirit discussed and passed at the meeting, and put forward the requirements for implementing the decisions of the meeting to the participants.Be clear and focused.

(3) Ending part.It is mainly to issue a call, raise hopes, express wishes, express gratitude, and announce the end.

Basic requirements for closing remarks:

The closing speech should be concise and clear, to the point, not procrastinating, let alone superfluous; the tone should be high, full of enthusiasm, full of inspiration and appeal, if you can speak impromptu, impromptu, humorous, more received unexpected effect.

The full text of Zhang Zhigong's Impromptu Speech at the Closing Ceremony of the Speech Invitational Contest is as follows.

"Comrades, young friends":
"I'm self-aware, I'm not a speaker. So I'll start with a disclaimer: I don't speak for more than 5 minutes."

"Speech is science, speech is art, and speech is a weapon. What is science? Science is the understanding of the laws of objective things. Does speech have no regularity? Can't you recognize it? No. It has regularity, so we say it It is science; speech not only appeals to human logical thinking, but also appeals to human image thinking, not only to persuade people with reason, but also to infect people with emotion, so it is called art; speech defends and promotes truth and refute fallacy, so it is called It's a weapon, and it's an important weapon... I won't explain it any further."

"I want to say a very incomplete list, comrades please consider."

"Let me talk about the West first: Ancient Greek Plato, Aristotle, medieval religious reformer Martin Luther, the initiator and organizer of the French Revolution, and the enlightener of bourgeois democratic thought Rousseau, Mendes Chicken, the United States Lincoln who launched and led the black movement, fought the Civil War, and Jackson who announced the Declaration of Independence. Of course, we must mention our revolutionary mentors: Marx, Engels, Lenin, and Stalin are all outstanding speakers. In addition, some natural scientists , such as Galileo, Bruno, Marie Curie, Einstein, etc. are also outstanding speakers."

(End of this chapter)