Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 5

[Dao Chong, but it will not be profitable after a long time of use. 】

Qian's case: "Chong", Fu Yi's original work is "鸡", and "靓" is the ancient Chinese word for "Chong".Talking about the Department of Ware and Vessels: "The cup is empty. Lao Tzu said: 'Use it when you know the cup.'" Guo Zhongshu Khan Bamboo Slips (Part [-] of the above) has the word "Chong", citing Gu Zi as the mouth.Bi Yuan said: "Shuowen Jiezi quotes the book as 'chong', all the books are called 'chong', and Huainanzi also calls it 'chong', it's not true." Zhuangzi responded to the emperor's chapter: "There is no way to beat too much cup."

Yan Kejun said: "It will not be profitable for a long time", and each book is "or not profitable".

Luo Zhenyu said: Jinglong wrote "Jiu" and Dunhuang wrote "You", which is a mistake of "Jiu".

Yu Yue said: "Tao cup and use it." Chapter 45 "Da Ying Ruo Chong", "Chong" is also regarded as "cup".According to "or not full", Tang Jinglong's stele is written as "long time not full", so it is not full for a long time, so it is a cup, which is better than the current version.Heshanggong’s note said: "Or, often." The training may be constant, and there is no such meaning in ancient times. It is suspected that Heshang's original text is "long".

The case of modesty: it is also "long".Taiping Yulan 320 [-] quotes Mozi and said: "Those who are good at holding on to victory take the strong as the weak, so Lao Tzu said, 'Use it when the Dao rushes, and there is a surplus'."Jia Changchao Qunjing sound identification said: "Yes, and also. Wang Bi's note: 'So if you rush to use it, it will not be profitable again.'" It is Wang Ben who also writes "and" instead of "or".Yes, and, Jiugutong.Ma Xulun said: "Mozi quotes as 'you', Heshang as 'or', and Yizhou as 'jiu', all four characters are familiar in ancient times. 'And''you'' or 'Gutong, with reference to the scriptures and interpretations, 譣Righteously, the word "long" is long. "Also" and "you" and "long" are also common. Zhuangzi Zhile: "People turn into machines again." Article: "The spirit is as long as the sky." Yin Jingshun and Chen Jingyuan commented: "There is a long sound, and this work is again." Han Shu Yang Wangsun said: "The spirit is as long as the sky." That is this article, and its proof. Cover 'And'''jiu'' has the three-character sound, and it belongs to the same category."

The case of modesty: Fu Ben wrote "Ying" as "Man", and Lu Deming said: "'Ying' is also called 'Man' in the book." Ying and Man are synonymous.Volume [-] of all scriptures and meanings quotes the text "Ying" as "Qi Man Ye".Erxu's original work is "full vessel".Tian Qian said: "The Ministry of Cases and Water's 'overflow' said: 'the vessel is full.' When the vessel is full, it overflows, that is, it is full. Therefore, the word 'full' says: 'full, overflowing.' The precept is very clear." But The card "Ying" and "Man" can be used interchangeably, but it was originally regarded as "Ying".Ma Xulun said: "The word 'man' is written as 'ying' in all the originals. Xun Yue said: 'the taboo word for Ying is full. Stories."

【Deep!All things sect. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Deep like", the imperial annotation is "Yuan like", the river is "Yuan like", Wang Bi is "Yuanxi like". "Wan Wu Zong", He Shang and Wang Bi have the word "Zhi" under "Wu".

Luo Zhenyu said: The Dunhuang work "is like the ancestor of all things".

Qianzhi's case: The interpretation comes from "Yuankou", which says: "On the river is written as 'hu'." Bi Yuan said: "口, the ancient word Xi." Lu Wenxi said: "'口', today is written as 'xi'."

And Fu, model book: "Yuanxi is like the ancestor of all things." Fan "Wan" is "Wan".Yupian: "'Wan', the vulgar word for 'Wan' means ten thousand." To take this example, there are many ancient precepts in the knowledge model, and there are also vulgar characters.In another case, "deep" and "yuan" have the same meaning.Yu Pian: "'Yuan', the water stops and is deep." Xiaoerya Guangyu: "'Yuan', deep." Lao Jian said: "Jing Long wrote 'deep beyond the sect of all things'. It should be the Tang people's taboo change. 'Yuan' is used as 'deep'."

[Fruit its sharpness, relieve its anger, harmonize its light, and harmonize its dust. 】

Yu Yue said: According to the interpretation, "Fen" in Heshang Gongben is written as "Fen"; however, the word "Fen" has no meaning.This sentence can also be seen in Chapter 56, where Heshanggong commented: "There is a lot of hatred."...Yu Bi's note said: "There is a lot of hatred." The notes are roughly the same.The word "Fen" in the Heshang version should be read as "Wrath". If you read it with this character, the meaning of hatred in the notes is incomprehensible. ...Wang Bi's 56th chapter is "Unraveling its points", and the note says: "In addition to fighting for the original." It is also read as anger.Gu Huan originally wrote "Wen", which is his original character, and "Fen" and "Fen" are fake characters.

Takeuchi Yoshio said: "Resolve the disputes", and make "Fen" on the river.Press "Fen" as "angry".This sentence is in Chapter 56 and also found in Chapter [-].In the old Chaohe Shangben, that chapter is written as "Wrath", and this chapter is written as "Fun".Wang Ben wrote "Fen" in that chapter, and according to his annotations, "Fen" is a falsehood of "angry".This chapter is the same as that of the old Chaohe version, and the characters of Wang and He are also the same.In the Jinglong Stele and the Dunhuang version, the "Fen" in this chapter has been changed to "Wrath", which is also a borrowed character and returned to the orthodox character.

Tan Xian said: "Chapter 56 also has four sentences of "depressing its sharpness", which is suspicious and mistaken.

[Zhan Changcun. 】

Yan Kejun said: Heshang wrote "Zhan Xi seems to exist", and Wang Bi wrote "Zhan Xi seems to exist".

Luo Zhenyu said: Jinglong and Yuzhu are both written as "Zhan Changcun", and the Dunhuang version is "Zhan Shichangcun".

Takeuchi Yoshio said: The Dun version of this sentence is "Zhan Ran always exists", and the Suizhou version "Zhan seems to exist forever".

Wang Chang said: In the Xingzhou version, "Zhan Si or Cun" has the word "Zhi" under the sentence "Who".

Qian's case: Fu, Fan Ben and Wang Bi are the same.The old name of Xingzhou was Suizhou, but now we know it is not true.In another fourteenth chapter, "It is called sudden ignorance", Wang Chang said: "All the texts are the same, and there is no such sentence in Xingzhou." The case is true in Suizhou, and it is written as "It is called sudden ignorance", which is also a proof. .Also "Zhan", said Wen: "Nothing." Xiao Erya said broadly: "No, nothing." This cloud "Zhan always exists", saying that its imaginary spirit is not subtle, it seems to be nothing but it actually exists.

[I don't know who?Before the emperor. 】

Yan Kejun said: "whose son", He Shang and Wang Bi are "whose son".

Jiao Hong said: "Whose son", Sima Chen Bixu didn't have one.

Luo Zhenyu said: Jinglong, Yuzhu, and Dunhuang all have the word "Zhi" above them all.

Qian's case: Muromachi's "Who" has the word "Qi" on it, and the word "Zhi" on the bottom.There is no word "zhi" in the case.Guang Ya explained: "Son, it seems."This paragraph means God Ye Di Ye?This world is called the lord of life and death, but Tao alone is the first.Taoists are suspicious, if they don't know who it is; but from the root and root, there is no heaven and earth that has existed since ancient times.

[Phonetic Rhyme] The reading of Jiang's rhyme in this chapter: Fen, Dust, Cun, Xian Yun (Wenbu, Xian, Si Yin Fan).Yao Wentian and Deng Tingzhen are the same.Deng said: "'Xian', the ancient pronunciation is like '诜'." Qian's case: Cup, Ying, Zong Yiyun.Xi Tong, Chen Zhu, and Gao Benhan agreed.Yao Nai said: "Dao Chong" is a sentence, and it rhymes with "Zong".Xi Tong said: Cup, Ying and Zong are rhymes.For example, in Chapter 24, "Gong" rhymes with "Ming", and Zhuangzi uses "Cong" rhymes with "Qing", "Cheng" and "Ming" in You Chapter.And fun, dust, first rhyme.Suwen Bazheng Shenming discusses the rhyme of "Xian" and "Shen" and "Cun", and the rhyme of "Xian" and "Fun" and "Chen" in the Chuci evocation.Qian Daxin said: "Chong" in the text reads like "moving".The book "Yu Wei Chongren", the interpretation: "Straight loyalty and rebellion." The ancient reading of "straight" is like "special", and the son of Chong is like the son of mover.Another case of Qianzhi: "Zhan Changcun", Heshang and Wang "Zhan" have the word "Xi" under "Zhan".Kong Guangsen's poem sound class seven said: "'Xi', the Tang rhyme is in the twelfth Qi, and the ancient pronunciation has not been confirmed. However, the Thai oath is 'Duan Duan Yi', and the university quotes it as 'Duan Duan Xi', which seems to have the same sound and meaning as 'Xi' and 'Yi'. 'Yi' is pronounced 'A' in ancient times, and the word 'Xi' should also be pronounced 'A'."

The right Jinglong stele has 37 characters, not divided into chapters.There are 42 characters in the Heshang, Wang Bi, and Fu Yi versions, 43 characters in the Fan Yingyuan version, and 39 characters in the Dunhuang version. (Takeuchi Ben said "37 characters", actually 39 characters. Luo Juan noted "49 characters", and "four" is a mistake in "three".) Heshang inscribed "Wuyuan No. [-]", Wang Bi inscribed "Four Chapters", Fan Yingyuan Title "Dao Chong Chapter Four".

(End of this chapter)