Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 26

[There is a mixture of things, born congenitally.Silence! 】

Yan Kejun said: Wang Bi wrote "口孤", Heshang and today Wang Bi wrote "Lonely", and Zhong Hui wrote "飂".

Fan Yingyuan said: "口", the ancient word "Ji". The word "孤" is the same as Wang Bi's in the ancient version, and "Liao" in Heshang's version.

Bi Yuan said: There is no word "Liaomo" in Shuowen Jiezi. "Liao" should be "口" and "孤" should be "口".Lu Deming "口, originally also called Ji", "Ji" is also a vulgar word.

Qian's case: Lu's pronunciation and meaning and Jiao's textual research cited Wang's original work "口妙妈兄", which is the same as Fu and the model version.Now "Lonely" is written as "Liao", which is the same as Jingfu's version.There is also the word "Xi" in the tablet.Cheng Shu quoted the scriptures saying "Lonely", knowing that what Cheng saw was the same as the word "Xi".

[Independence does not change,]

Yan Kejun said: "There is a word "and" under "Li" in Yuzhu and Heshang.Luo Zhenyu said: The three editions of Yuzhu, Jingfu and Yinglun have the word "and".

The case of Qian: Xing Xuan, Qing Yang, Lou Zheng, Gao Hui, Zhao Mengfu, Fu, and Fan also all have the word "he".

[Zhou Xing is not in peril,]

Yan Kejun said: Each book has the word "and" under "Xing".

The case of modesty: Xing Xuan and Gu Huan do not have the word "he".

Luo Yunxian said: The case "dangerous" and "dang" are used in the same way.Sima Xiangru passed on "彁儗", and Zhang Yi trained it as "not moving forward", which means not moving forward and stopping.Therefore, "not perishing" is still more than that, and it complements Zhou Xingyi.In Guanzi Fafa's article "walking aside without doubt", Yu Yue read "doubt" as "obstruction", which is of the same interest as this article.

[It can be the mother of the world. 】

The case of modesty: Suizhou does not have the word "Yi", and the model version uses "Xia" as "Di".Fan Yingyuan said: "The ancient version of the word 'Heaven and Earth' is like this, and it is appropriate to follow the ancient version for 'Mother of the World'."

Ma Xulun said: Fan said yes.It is said that "the heaven and the earth are born", so this is regarded as "the mother of the heaven and the earth".Cheng Shu said, "Break Yin and Yang between them, and establish heaven and earth", so Cheng also called "heaven and earth".

[I don't know its name, the word is Dao, but I force it to be called Kou. 】

The case of Qian: under the word "I am strong for the name" in the stele, there is the word "big", which is unclear, so it should be supplemented according to other books.In addition, there is no word "I" in each version of this sentence, which is suspicious.There is the word "Guqiang" on the "character" of the template, and Fu "Qiang" is "qiang".Fan Yingyuan said: "Wang Bitong's ancient version has no word '口' in the Heshang version, and this is from the ancient version."

Liu Shipei said: According to Han Feizi's interpretation of the old article "The sage observes its mystery and uses it to walk around, and the strong character is called Dao", then the "character" should have the word "qiang", which is the same as the following "strong is called big". Bent.

Yi Shunding said: "According to the collection of changes in the Zhou Dynasty, the seventeenth quotation quoted Gan Bao said: "Lao Tzu said: 'I don't know its name, but the strong character is called Dao.

Zhuang Xichang said: Fan called it "Wang Bitong's ancient version", and Fan Jian saw the word "Qiang" on the "character" of Wang's version.Zhuangzi Zeyang Guo noted "The word Qiang means Dao", and Guo Ben also has the word "Qiang".Based on reasoning, if bigness strengthens the name, the way also strengthens the characters, and those with the word "strong" on the "character" are also true.

[口口死, death means far away, far away means return. 】

Qian's case: the word "Dayue" is on the word "die" in the stele, and the missing is unknown, so it should be supplemented according to other sources.

Yan Kejun said: "Far away means return", while He Shang and Wang Bi said "reverse".Wu Yun said: Fu Ben and Yi Zhouben "anti" and "return".

Qian's case: Fenxi, Louzheng, Gu Huan, and Zhao Mengfu also wrote "return", the same stone.Those who return, such as the husband and the things, each returns to its root.Gai's description of Taoism is too big to be exhaustive, so it is called "passing".Guangya explained: "Passing away, walking." The Analects of Confucius "The dead are like a husband", Huang Shu: "The words of going and going." The passing is not enough, so it is also called "far".Shuowen: "Far away, Liao Ye." Erya explained: "Far away, Xia Ye." Guoyu Note: "It means that it is beyond the reach of the eyes and ears."Return, say Wen: "Return." Guangya explained the second: "Return, return." Return means endless circulation.

【Dao is big, sky is big, earth is big, king is big. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Tao is great", and there is the word "Gu" on each "Tao". "Wang Da", each version has the word "Yi" under "Wang".

Qianzhi’s case: there is no word “Gu” in Fu’s version, “Yi” in Suizhou’s version, and “Yi” in Guan’s version.And Fu, model "king" as "person".

Fan Yingyuan said: "Ren" is written as "king" in Fu Yitong's ancient version, and in Heshang Gong's version.Viewing the meaning of Shanghe Shanggong, he thinks that the king is the respect of the people, and the meaning of respecting the emperor is inherent. However, according to the following text "human law and land", the meaning of the ancient text is consistent.What's more, man is the most spiritual of all things, standing side by side with heaven and earth as the three talents, and being responsible for the Tao, man is really great.

Chen Zhu said: Most of the texts are "big" and they say: "The sky is big, the earth is big, and people are also big, like human beings." This is what Xu Jun saw as "humans are also big".Duan Yucai's note says: "Lao Tzu's Dao is great, the sky is big, the earth is big, and people are also big'....'Man follows the earth, the earth follows the sky, and the sky follows the way'." Big" also.Otherwise, it should be said that this book is "the king is also great".Now according to positive.Man is the spirit of all things and the most evolved thing in the evolution of heaven, so it is said that "man is also great".

[There are four big ones in the domain, and Wang Chuyi. 】

Yan Kejun said: "And the king lives in the same place", while Heshang and Wang Bi wrote "And the king lives in the same place".

The case of modesty: "King" is used as "person" in the model.Fu's original work is "And the king is one of the statues", the word "zun" is almost similar to the word "Yan", but it is wrong.Guang Hongming collected Falin's comment on Fu Yi's abolition of Buddhism and monks, and quoted the following sentence as "the Tao is one of them".Also, the word "Chu" is used as "Chu" in Guanben and Fuben, and "Zhu" in the model version.

Jiang Xichang said: "According to Wang's commentary, 'the great place where people are the master', it is Wang Ben who 'lives' and writes 'place'. Huainan Dao should also call it 'place'."

[Man follows the earth, the earth follows the sky, the sky follows the Tao, and the Tao follows nature. 】

Qian's case: "Ren follows the land", the word "ren" in Fu's version has not been changed, Kou Caizhi's original "Wang Fadi", the word "Wang" is an arbitrarily changed scripture by the emperor, it has been said for a long time.But Gu Bencheng sparsely said that "people are also kings". Although it is convoluted, it can still prove that Lao Tzu was originally a "person" and not a "king".

[Phonetic Rhyme] This chapter reads Jiang's rhyme: Cheng, Sheng rhyme (Gengbu), Gai, Yi, Mu, Dao rhyme (Zhi, Youtong rhyme, the pronunciation has been changed, and Daoxietu is reversed).Big, passing rhyme (jibu, big, anti-act, pass, anti-time).Far, anti-rhyme (Yuan Department).Yao Wentian and Deng Tingzhen did not reach the word "Tao".The case of Qian: Gai, Yi, Mu, Zhibu, Dao, Youbu, thiszhi, Youtong rhyme.Xi Tong: Gai, Yi, and mother are rhymes, and death, far away, and reverse are rhymes, saying: "The reading of the past is fresh. Like the poem Sang Rou's 'Death is not washed', Mozi Shangxian quoted as 'Fresh not washed' Shi Xintai uses the rhyme of 'fresh', '泚' and 'mi', and Gufeng uses the rhyme of 'search', 'wither' and 'resentment', all of which are examples." Chen Zhu: The rhymes of the five "big" characters are Yan, Tian and Ran. .Gao Benhan: Da, Die, Yuan, and Hui form the same rhyme, and Yuan, Hui also have their own rhymes.And day, but for the rhyme.Qian's case: far and reverse are rhymes.There are circumstantial evidences in Zihanyi's poems in the Analects of Confucius, and Lisao, Guoshang, and Aiying in Chu Ci.Also, the word "big" in "a strong name is called big" rhymes with the next five "big" characters every sentence.Chen Di said: "Change" the sound to Ji, and say the text to Ji sound.Lao Tzu "is independent and does not change, and travels without perishing"; Zhuang Zi quotes an ancient poem "beauty lasts for a long time, and evil does not change".

There are 79 characters in the Youjinglong stele version, the same number of characters at the end of the Guan version, 86 characters in the Heshang version, 85 characters in the Wang version, 87 characters in the Fu version, and 88 characters in the model version.Heshang titled "Xiangxuan Chapter No. 20", Wang Ben titled "Chapter 25", and model title "Youwu Mixed Chapter No. 20".In addition, King Longbei mistakenly added the next chapter "Quietness is the king of restlessness" as a chapter.

(End of this chapter)