Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 19

[The Great Dao, there are righteous people.Wisdom comes out, there is a big fake. 】

Yan Kejun said: "There are people who are righteous", and each book is "benevolence and righteousness". "Wisdom and benefit come out", Wang Bi wrote "wisdom", or "wisdom", not.

Hong Yixuan said: "Wisdom and benefit come out, but there are big hypocrites", and Xuan's case "hui" is regarded as "wisdom".The interpreted text is "Knowledge and Wisdom".Said the text: "Hui, benevolence, from the heart to the mouth." "Hui, 儇 also, from the heart, the sound of coma."The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong "good deeds and small wisdom" and the interpretation "Lu reads wisdom for benefits" are borrowed words.

Ji Yun said: "Hui" and "Hui" are ancient and common.

Qian's case: "癈" is regarded as "waste".Both Jinglong and Guangming are called "癈".Zijian said: "Abolish, let the lungs cut, and say the text 'Wu Dun Ye', which is different from Duyu." Also, "human righteousness" should be written from various books as "benevolence and righteousness". Benevolence and righteousness", that is, this.

[The six relatives are not in harmony, but there is filial piety. 】

Yan Kejun said: "filial piety and compassion", and the grand ceremony is "filial son".

Luo Zhenyu said: The Guangming version all have the word "Yan" in these three sentences.Under "the country is in confusion, there are loyal ministers", and under "chaos" there must be the word "Yan", Shi Le can't see it.

The case of Qian: Muromachi originally had the word "Yan", which is the same as that of Hiroaki, and there is also the word "Yan" under "Luan". "Six relatives", Wang's note: "Father and son, brothers, and husband and wife." Lu Lan's article on people said: "What are the six relatives? Parents, brothers, and wives." Fuyi made the word "filial piety and kindness".In the 25th year of Zuo Chuanzhao's righteousness, the poet Xiaoya Caifeng Kong Yingda righteousness, cited Lao Tzu's words of addition and mistakes, and the word "Xiaoci" is the same as this stone.

[The country is confused, but there are loyal ministers. 】

The case of modesty: Huainan Road should train and quote this sentence.The model version "You Zhenchen Yan" quotes the same character as "Zhen" in Wang's version.Minagawa wishes this "loyal minister" to be "loyalty and trustworthiness", which is the opposite of the above "filial piety".Also, the word "hun" is written as "口" in the Heshang edition of the Song Dynasty, the Zhao Mengfu edition, and the Lou Zheng edition, while the Dun, Sui edition, Zhuwang edition, Fu, and Fan editions are all written as "食".The text of the case: "Hazy, the sun is dark, from the province of the day, one is the voice of the people." Duan Zhu Kuangmi quoted Dai Dong's six books, so it said: "The Tang version said that Wen Congmin Province, Xu Ben Congshi Province, Chao Shuozhiyun changed the taboo 'min' to 'shi' because of the Tang taboo. However, Shuowen originally wrote the word '口', from Japan, Minsheng, and the Tang version to avoid taboos, so it follows Minsheng."

Ding Zhongyou said: "The word '口' on the Chinese stele is the orthodox character, and the word '口' is another form....The word '口' in the old Tang Dynasty book Gao Zongji was changed to '圣', in December of the second year of Xianqing. Based on this, we know that '口' 'Because of temple taboos, the word is changed from the other form of'口','晚'. Try looking at the Wei steles before Tang Xianqing, all the '口' are from the people, and the Tang steles after Xianqing, because of the taboos, are all written as 'hun'. " (Shuowenjiezi Gulin Chenji Japanese Department)

[Phonetic Rhyme] Jiang's rhyme in this chapter has no rhyme.Yao Wentian: Righteousness, Pseudo-rhyme (Eleven Ma Qu Sheng).Deng Tingzhen: Abandoned, out of rhyme.Deng said: "'Chu', the ancient pronunciation is like Yi Dingchu Sixth 'Ding Ding Zhi, Li Chu No' is 'Chu'. 'False', the ancient pronunciation is like a mistake. Yao Dian 'Pingzhi Nanxu', Han Shu Wang Mang It is said to be 'Southern Puppets'." Gao Benhan also said that the sentences of Fei, Yi, Chu, and Pseudo are rhymes, and chaos and ministers are rhymes.The case of modesty: "Yi" was pronounced "Russian" in ancient times.Hong Fan was "unbiased and unbiased, and obeyed the king's righteousness". Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty changed "Po" to "Pi". The word '' is incoherent, so it should be changed to '北'." Wu Yu said: "The ancient 'Yi' characters all sound 'Russian', and Zhou Guan's annotations also sound 'Russian', so the ancient texts are written as 'No Bias'. Wupo, follow the king's righteousness', to coordinate with the Russian pronunciation. Tang Minghuang changed the word 'yi' to 'yi' and changed 'po' to 'pi', so that the ancient pronunciation will disappear from the current pronunciation." Today's proof is Yiyi : "Ding Erge, it loses its righteousness; if you overthrow the public, how can you trust it." Zhongyong: "The benevolent is also human, and the righteous is appropriate." Knowing that "righteousness" in this chapter of Laozi should also be pronounced "Russian". The word "false" is an example of Zhuangzi Zhibei: "benevolence can be done, righteousness can be lost, and rituals can be fake."Gu Yanwu said: "Poetry is "the false words of the people", and Shi Jing writes "false words"; Wang Mang's biography of Han Shu "to persuade the southern puppet" is "to persuade the southern puppet" and learn from the ancient "reading is false"; Guo Pu's annotation of dialects is "false words". From this we know meaning and false rhyme.And the preface to the rhyme of Ma Xulun Mao's poem said: "This chapter rhymes with the big, the wise, the six, and the country at the beginning of the previous sentence, and the abolishment, output, harmony, and chaos are at the end of the previous sentence." Just the rhyme of the end.

There are 26 characters in the Youjinglong stele version, 28 characters in the Fu version and 18 characters in the Dunhuang version, He and Wang Bentong.Heshang’s original title is “Vulgar Book No.18”, Wang’s original title is “Eighteen Chapters”, and the model title is “Da Dao Waste Chapter No. [-]”.

(End of this chapter)