Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 18

【Too high, the bottom knows it;】

The Case of Modesty: The Book of Rites Quli "The supreme virtue, the next thing is to repay", Zheng's note: "The supreme, the emperor's world, his people donate but not only repay." What Laozi said is referring to the extreme of ancient governance , with the Tao in the world, but it has not been governed, and the people forget about doing nothing, and they don't know what is better. "I know there is something in it", Ji Yun said: "'Xia', the Yongle Canon writes 'No', and Wu Cheng's version also writes 'No'."Also, the old inscription attached to Wang Wang's note and the Kao Zhengyun of Sun Mine said: "This book is written as 'no'." Writing "no" has a long meaning.

【Secondly, dear Yuzhi;】

Yan Kejun said: Yuzhu and Heshang wrote "Kindly and praised", and Wang Bi wrote "Kindly and praised".

The Case of Modesty: Fu Yi's book "Secondly kisses him, and secondly praises him".

[Secondly, fear and insult. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Awe" on the river has the word "Secondly" under it.

Li Daochun said: The second is to fear it, the second is to insult it, or it is said that "fear it, insult it".

Yu Xingwu said: He's school journal, there is no word "second" in all the books.Ji Yun said that there is no word "Second" in the "Huzhi" in the Dadian.It is also true for those who are regarded as "feared and insulted next".In the last sentence, "Secondly, praise him with relatives", Heshang originally wrote "and" as "zhi", which is also true.All stone publications are the same (Jing Long's "Yu" is "Yu", and the two characters are ancient).The two sentences are relative to each other. "Wei" should be read as "Wei".Guangya's interpretation: "Insult is light." "Wei" and "insult" have the same meaning, and the previous sentence "kinship" and "reputation" also have the same meaning.

[If you don't have enough faith, you don't believe it! 】

Yan Kejun said: "Insufficient trust", He Shang and Wang Bi have the word "Yan" under the "foot". "Believe it or not", Wang Bi has the word "Yan" under "believe".

Wang Niansun said: "It is true that there is no case." "Insufficient faith" is a sentence, and "how can you not believe it" is a sentence. "Yan", so also, words and beliefs are not enough, so there is disbelief.Lu's Spring and Autumn Spring Chapter notes: "Yan, it's still like this." ... Jinyu said: "Yanshi began to be an order." Yan then began to be an order.After three years of questioning, he said: "So how did the former king set up a middle school for him?" Yan Xianwang then set up a middle school for him.Guanzi Kuidu said: "If the people have enough wealth, the emperor's taxes will never be exhausted." …Later generations do not understand the meaning of the word "Yan", and mistook the word "Insufficient Faithful Yan" as a sentence, so the word "Yan" was added at the end of the next sentence to contrast with the previous sentence, without knowing the absurdity.Qian's case: Wang said yes.But Wang knew that the lower "Yan" character should be derived, but he didn't know that the upper "Yan" character was also doubtful.In Yuzhu, Xingxuan, Qingyang, Louzheng, Fenxi, Gu Huan, and Gaohui's editions, there is no word "Yan" in the upper and lower sentences, which is the same as this stone.

[From his precious words. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Yu Qigui's words", "Yu" in the imperial notes is "Yu", "Yu Xi" on the river, and "Yu Xi" by Wang Bi.Lu Deming said: "You", Sun Deng, Zhang Ping, and Du Bi all wrote "You", and one book is "Yu".

Qian's case: Yuzhu, Xingxuan, Qingyang, Fenxi, Louzheng, Muromachi, Gu Huan, Gao Chong, Peng Si, and Fan Yingyuan all wrote "Yu". "From" is the same as "Jewish".Xunzi Fuguo "It is not enough to encourage from the general", note: "It is the same as it is." The word "you" in "you Qiguiyan" is similar, and it has a thoughtful appearance.The word "you" is pretended to have a clear meaning.

[Successful things happen, and the people say that I am natural. 】

Yan Kejun said: "Success", each book is "gongcheng".

The case of modesty: Jingfu's edition and Fajingdunjia's edition are "successful and successful", which should be followed. "The common people call me natural", He Shangben and Wang Bi have the word "Jie" on the "say".Fan Yingyuan's original work is "All the people say I am natural"; Zhuangzi Gengsang Chu's chapter Guo Yin wrote "And the people all say I am myself"; Jing Xuntang Fu's original work "The people all say I am not".Jinshu Wang Tanzhi's theory of abolishing Zhuang said: "Successful and successful, the people all say that I am natural." Jie Chuan hopes that Laozi's interpretation will be the same as that of Jinshu.

Song Xiangfeng said: "The common people call me natural." According to Baihu's general meaning, he said: "The Yellow Emperor has a world called natural, and the natural one has great morality."The following verses say "he wishes to talk about nature", and he also expresses the meaning of nature: "Those who practice Taoism are the same as Taoism, and those who are virtuous are the same as virtue." This is the so-called grand morality.His book "There are bears" is similar in shape but wrong.And there are bears without grand moral meaning.Liezi records that the Yellow Emperor traveled to the country of the Huaxu family and repeatedly said "nature is nothing more than nature", so we know that nature is the name of the world for the Yellow Emperor.

The case of modesty: Song said it may not be true, but since the past, Huang and Lao have been called together. Lunheng Nature: "The Yellow Emperor is also the old man, and Laozi is also the old man." To work, to rest at daybreak, to dig wells to drink, to plow the fields to eat, what do I have to do with imperial power!" This is what nature calls, and Lao Tzu respects it. Chapter 25 "Man follows Earth, Earth follows Heaven, Heaven follows Tao, and Tao follows Nature", Chapter 51 "Fumo's Destiny is Natural", Chapter 23 "Speaks Naturally", Chapter 64 "Supplementing the Nature of All Things Dare to do", from this we know that the final destination of Lao Tzu's learning is natural.Therefore, in the chapter on Heng Hanwen, it is said: "The way of heaven is natural, and there is nothing to do."

[Phonetic Rhyme] The reading of Jiang's rhyme in this chapter: Yu, Hu Yun (Hou, Yu Tong Yun, Yu, Shang Sheng, Hu Xie Yin Wu), Yan, Yan, Ran Yun (Yuanbu).The case of Qian: Yu, Yubu, Hu, Houbu, Hou and Yu rhyme.Gao Benhan rhymes with faith, words and truth.Chen Zhu: The four "zhi" rhymes are You, Yu, Fear, and Hun, and Yan, Yan, Yan, and Ran.The reputation follows the sound, and the ancients communicate with each other.Insult from each sound, each from the mother voice.

The Youjinglong stele version has 38 characters, the Dunhuang version has the same characters, the Heshang version has 44 characters, the Wang and Fan version has 47 characters, and the Fu version has 17 characters.Heshang titled "Chunfeng No.17", Wang Ben titled "Seventeen Chapters", and model title "Taishang Chapter No.[-]".

(End of this chapter)