national surname chiming

Chapter 484 The Green Miao Method itself is right, but the wrong thing is that it was used in a cowardly dynasty like the Song Dynasty

Fortunately, Zhu Shuren also has a temperament of admonishment, and the new law is now a pilot, and the tax has not even started to be collected.

After realizing the problem, he thought it over and over again, and said to himself casually:

"For some remote and rugged lands, the problem that cultivated land is not easy to concentrate can be discussed by the Ministry of Household Affairs after the pilot this year. In the future, prefectures and counties in the world can be divided into flat counties and mountain counties. Mountain counties should also be divided into townships. For counties and townships with mainly mountainous areas, the "lower limit of taxable land area per mu" can be reduced according to the circumstances.

For example, it is halved compared to plain counties and townships, with five acres of paddy fields or ten acres of dry fields as the lower tax limit for each household.When actually approving flats and mountains, not only the local terrain and the degree of dispersion of the land must be considered, but also whether there are enough local workshops and factories, whether private industrial and commercial investment is prosperous, and whether the surplus labor can be accommodated.

Gurang plain fields are moderately merged to ensure that the cultivators do their best, and it is also considering that centralized farming of plain fields is more efficient than scattered farming.However, the fragmented land in mountainous areas cannot be cultivated intensively, and people cannot do their best, so they can only be exhausted first. "

Zhu Shuren's previous consideration also involved his agricultural management thinking influenced by later generations.The plains in later generations can be mechanized and produced on a large scale, so Zhu Shuren very much hopes that the fields in the plains will be moderately concentrated, at least to ensure that every household has cattle farming, and it is also convenient for other advanced production tools in the future. Even if it is still human and animal power, at least it can quickly Promote it.

Whether the new agricultural machinery is quickly accepted by the people is closely related to the size of the fields of each household. If the fields are too small, it can be done with a little tiring and intensive cultivation with old tools. With the illiteracy rate of Ming Dynasty, many people are too lazy to bother.

Only when the original labor intensity is saturated, people are willing to use their brains to save effort and learn the use of new farm tools.

After all, all the layouts of Zhu Shuren are to serve the implementation and promotion of technological progress, forcing those who are unwilling to try new tools to try.No matter what this new tool that has not yet appeared is, anyway, first create an atmosphere willing to try it.

Yao Qisheng saw that Zhu Shuren was so admonishing, he didn't keep it secret because he was just a small official, and he felt the kindness of encounter.He quickly added flattering:

"Since His Highness has such a heart to benefit the people, it is even more necessary to selectively leak the above considerations through some informal channels in order to win the hearts of the gentlemen——

Please think about it, Your Highness, who benefits from turning the poor peasants who are still tied to the land into workers with very little land?It is those wealthy businessmen and gentry who run workshops and factories.

Because the more workers there are, the more cheap labor they can get.That being the case, why did the imperial court cover up and benefit the gentry without leaving a name?
If the law is successfully propagated, the gentry in business and industry all over the world will definitely support this law. Even if they need to pay commission money under His Highness's new law, after weighing them, they will still find that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages, and they will choose to make a fortune silently.

At that time, the gentry will be divided into two factions. The big landlord gentry will feel resentful, while the industrial and commercial gentry will be grateful.The imperial court drove the workshop owners to control the landlords, and the resistance was bound to be extremely weakened.

And to weaken those people who obviously have almost no land in their families but are unwilling to give up their agricultural registrations or migrate down the mountain, the court's methods should also be more gentle.

The students once thought of a strategy, which can be borrowed from Wang Jinggong's young crop law in the former Song Dynasty, to give people who are "below the lower limit of taxable land area" a certain production loan, or to help them buy a neighbor's land with a loan, or to give The capital chooses to make a living.It would be best if they can expand their fields, live and work in peace and contentment, or find other ways out by themselves..."

Yao Qisheng said this, but Zhu Shuren interrupted rudely: "Then what if some unscrupulous people borrowed money and didn't produce well, but just squandered it? I remember that in the Song Dynasty, Su Dongpo once recorded that whenever the Green Crop Law lends money, or rich households The debt was forcibly apportioned, and the interest was overpaid in the end, and exploited.

Or the poor green-skinned rascals who borrow money from young crops, don’t do any production after borrowing, go to Goulan wine shop to squander it all, and when the debt is repaid, they just say whether they want money or die—have you never read the lessons of the predecessors? "

Yao Qisheng was not worried. He was a little proud after hearing Zhu Shuren's question. After suppressing his emotions forcibly, he answered cautiously: "The officials in the former Song Dynasty were incompetent. How can they compare with my Ming Dynasty? Moreover, the territory of the former Song Dynasty was small. My Daming has so much power now." There are many places that need to expand and build.

If there are really people who owe the imperial court to help them produce loans, spend money and refuse to pay back, or die, the imperial court has plenty of ways to deal with these green-skinned rascals. "

When Zhu Shuren heard this, his eyes lit up.

Indeed, in the Song Dynasty, Wang Anshi was so kind that he couldn't even deal with the green-skinned rascals who maliciously borrowed money from young crops and reneged on their debts.

Of course, Wang Anshi may not really want to be kind. He has no strength. "The vicious circle.

The problem of farmers in the Song Dynasty was the most serious, and thieves like Song Jiang and Fang La appeared every now and then.However, the Song Dynasty liked to purely calculate economic accounts, so they incorporated all peasants and bandits who had no food to eat and riots in famine years into the Xiang Army.

But the problem is that no matter how rich the Song Dynasty was, the redundant soldiers and officials became more and more serious, and there were more and more Xiang troops. In the end, the proportion of obedient citizens who paid taxes and paid food became lower and lower, and the pressure became heavier and heavier.In the end, everyone figured it out: the way of the world in the Song Dynasty was that whoever can make a fuss has food to eat, and whoever yells loudly is justified.As long as it is loud enough, you can still kill and set fire and be recruited in the end.

In this way, when Wang Anshi practiced the young crop law, of course he had nothing to do with those green-skinned rascals, because these people were just able to make trouble.And the obedient people are the "silent majority". In the Song Dynasty, all parties were infringing on the interests of the silent people.

People who dare not cry out for pain after being beaten belonged to those who deserved to die in the Song Dynasty.

And if this is put in today's Daiying, who dares to borrow money from the bank maliciously, he will be exiled to North America in minutes.In another 100 years, if the United States becomes independent, it will still be exiled to Australia.

It's just that Yang Sen Tasman helped Zhu Shuren explore the lands in Australia and New Zealand.Zhu Shuren can completely exile the thugs who maliciously reneged on loans to Heilongjiang, Kyushu Island, and Ezo Island.If those places are still saturated in the future, they will be exiled to Australia.

In this way, people who resist the new law will basically be wiped out.

It is not easy for bystanders to criticize, because the imperial court is indeed very gentle, and even allows the other party to borrow money to expand production first, unless the borrowed money is not used properly, malicious and old, they will be exiled overseas.

The Ming Dynasty should learn from the good aspects of the Song Dynasty's economic construction, but it can't learn from the fault of "whoever has a loud voice is justified, and whoever can make a fuss is subject to Zhaoan".Fortunately, this aspect is also a rare advantage that Daming has done relatively well, and it can be fully utilized-in those days, Chongzhen would rather die than surrender.

Zhu Shuren sorted out the general flow of moves in his heart, so he was relieved to dare to reuse Yao Qisheng.

"This year, you go back to Liyang County and work hard. Now that the tax has not been collected, you can't see the results, so it's not easy to promote you directly. But as long as you perform well in the summer and autumn taxes this year, after paying the tax, I will naturally promote you to Cao Gong, a householder in Yingtianfu. There are still many opportunities for follow-up promotion pilots.”

Hearing this, Yao Qisheng knelt down on the ground again: "Students appreciate His Highness's kindness in knowing you!"

……

In the next few months, the reform of "Abolishing Ding and Separation of Nationality" in Ming Dynasty was carried out gradually and smoothly.

Zhu Shuren's promise to "discriminate between mountainous areas and plains, and set different minimum land area limits for each household with rural population" has also been formally added to the new law.

It's just that, after all, most of Yingtianfu's area is a fertile plain area. Even if there are some mountainous areas, the area is still rich and the industry and commerce are developed, which is enough to accommodate the squeezed out agricultural population.

Therefore, in the whole territory of Yingtianfu, in the end, only Liyang County, which is close to the border of Nanzhili and Zhejiang, was selected as a pilot "mountainous county".This place is close to Tianmu Mountain in Huzhou Prefecture, Zhejiang Province, and it is indeed relatively poor.

In Liyang County, people who own less than five mu of paddy fields/ten mu of mountain fields and dry fields per household will also be able to consider the taxable area as five mu instead of ten mu in other plain areas.

Of course, the middle and lower farmers with between five and ten mu of paddy fields per household will also pay according to the actual land area they own.

Ordinary people don't know the deep meaning of the court's change.However, the court's secret propaganda channel is the beneficiary who spared no effort to analyze this matter.

If the government could not directly say, "We are helping industrial and commercial owners to increase cheap labor", then Zhu Shuren asked his side concubine Bian Yujing to publish various jokes and stories through the channels of public opinion to preach the truth.

Zhu Shuren also used Fang Ziling and Bian Yujing very well in these private public opinion battlefields. He used them when dealing with Li Zicheng 20 years ago.

It's just that Fang Ziling now has a formal official position and is in charge of part of the administrative management of the Daming Academy of Sciences, so he doesn't have the energy to care about the field of public opinion and propaganda.

After all, if Fang Ziling were to be included in the history of the country in the future, she would have to be included in her own biography like Qin Liangyu, not in some "Biography of Women".

So Bian Yujing had to work hard to handle those things that were not on the table.

Bian Yujing is still familiar with this aspect. It didn't take long before the landlords and workshop owners in most counties in Yingtianfu knew of the court's good intentions. Still chose to firmly support the imperial court's reform.

In this way, the only ones who still have resentment are those famous and big landlords who are not involved in industry and commerce at all.

……

In the first year of the pilot project, because all aspects were relatively slack, there was no danger in the end, and no one dared to jump out to expressly oppose it.Basically, all the surrogate silver and rations that should be paid have been collected in full.

However, it is impossible to achieve 100% in anything. Even if the traditional court collects taxes, it is normal for the local government to delay paying taxes.What's more, a new sum of money has been added now.

So at the time of the year-end calculation, Zhu Shuren will not be lenient, and ordered Ying Tianfu and the Ministry of Households to select the county with the worst money and food collection as a substitute. A typical person who is directly responsible for the implementation is dismissed and disposed of.

As for the counties that performed well, of course, the magistrates and Hucao responsible officials should be promoted and rewarded.

Finally, after accounting, as a positive example, it is Liyang County without accident.The county magistrate of Liyang was therefore transferred to the neighboring Changzhou Prefecture and promoted to Tongzhi.

And Yao Qisheng was originally lower than the magistrate, but because of his private advice, he was promoted to the general judge of Ying Tianfu, and he was already on the same level as his original boss. benefit.

After accounting, it was Gaochun County that was identified as the negative model.There were two Juren and a group of scholars in the local area, and Baotuan refused to pay the money and rations on behalf of the service, the reason was still "disgraceful to the gentleman".

They feel that as scholars, they should not serve in the military, so they cannot accept even paying money to subsidize service members in order not to serve.Because they paid this money, it seemed that they "should have been included in the list of corvee candidates in legal terms" and felt humiliated.

And for this kind of thorn, Zhu Shuren will certainly not be soft-hearted.After punishing the magistrates and Hucao people, those who took the lead in refusing to pay were directly dismissed from their merits, and then they were still required to pay.In this way, if they are not gentle, there will be no insult to gentleness.

In doing so, the imperial court still respected private property and did not infringe upon it. After all, they did not confiscate their property, nor did they rob it directly.Others didn't respond when they saw that the matter was not a big deal, so the matter was over like this.

After all, it is only a pilot reform within the scope of a government, or at the feet of the emperor, how much resistance can there be?To deal with these people, it is inconvenient to splatter blood everywhere.The real big heads are in the back.

……

In the blink of an eye, the second year of Xiaokang, all the development tone set by Zhu Shuren continued to advance steadily.

Kyushu, Ezo, and Tohoku all started infrastructure construction and cleared places according to the new rhythm.The chemical industry and the improvement of agricultural varieties are carried out in an orderly manner according to the timetable.

The pilot project of abolishing the agricultural small tax and the gentry's integrated payment of grain has also been successfully extended to most areas of southern Zhili.

According to the original plan, if the pilot program in the previous year went well, it should be extended to the whole of South Zhili this year.But in the end, when it came to the implementation stage, after evaluation and investigation, the imperial court temporarily made minor adjustments and exempted the Jiangbei prefectures in Nanzhili.
That is to say, Yangzhou, Huai'an, Fengyang, Anqing, and Luzhou are exempted, and they can wait until the three years of Xiaokang before continuing the pilot project.

The reason for this decision is also considering that the population density of Jiangbei is much smaller than that of Jiangnan, especially Fengyang and Yangzhou Huai'an were ravaged by the Qing army at the beginning, only Anqing Luzhou and other places were partially exempted by luck.

Therefore, there are not so many rural population with too little farmland to be squeezed out as workers in these places, and the local industrial development is too slow, even if the labor force is squeezed out, it will not be able to support it.

However, considering that the pilot project in the first year of Xiaokang was indeed very successful, the imperial court believed that the scale of promotion should not be changed, but only adjusted for specific targets.

After the Nanzhijiang and North Five Mansions were removed, they were refilled with Jiujiang Mansions and Nanchang Mansions in Jiangxi, and Huzhou Mansions, Jiaxing Mansions, and Hangzhou Mansions in Zhejiang Province.In this way, five prefectures will be removed and five prefectures will be added. The scale of the pilot project will remain the same as before.

In contrast, Jiangxi and Zhejiang in the south of the Yangtze River have never suffered from the wars of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The local population is still a bit dense, the industry is well developed, and there are a large number of small farmers with only one-third of an acre of land. Some of them changed careers.

Of course, the imperial court will not force poor peasants to change their nationality in vain.Therefore, Yao Qisheng persuaded Zhu Shuren to implement the "operating loan provided by the imperial court and exclusively for middle and lower peasants to apply for", and it was released locally in due course.

(End of this chapter)