Dow and Carbon-Based Monkey Breeding Guidelines

Chapter 456 The Poetic Crazy of Formal Language
He stood in front of the old and dusty podium, resting his arms on the table, looking around contentedly like a newly appointed university lecturer.

"Then can I start, Classmate Zhou?"

The only listener in the audience raised his head silently, as if he was not willing to cooperate with this role-playing game.Chen Wei didn't complain about this either, he just closed his eyes and thought about it for a while.Then he opened his eyes and began to speak to the void behind the classroom.

He said: "That's what I heard. In ancient times, when people saw the stars in the sky, they called them stars. What are stars? People in ancient times thought they were palaces, lights, animals, and gods. People mentioned" Stars', what they think in their hearts is also palaces, lanterns, animals, and gods. The cognition in their hearts is wrong, but the words they create are not affected by right and wrong. When stars are palaces, people can call them stars. When stars When it is a celestial body, people still call it a star. "Star" refers to the star that people perceive, and has nothing to do with its true nature. Therefore, language and reality are separated, and language and thought are also separated. Language is the basis of both. form of transformation."

"However, language is not a pure form. If the ancients had no eyes, 'red' would not be able to be understood. Even if 'red' exists as a language, it will become an inexplicable thing. The objects described by language, whether they have The entity must be a variant that can be found in reality, and it must be a concept that can be understood by human beings. The meaning of language depends on reality, which is the foundation of language.”

"However, language cannot describe all reality. Although 'ice' exists in language, ice also exists in reality. For those who have never seen ice, it is impossible to imagine 'still hard water'. Those who know ice try For its description, what a person who has never seen ice knows is only the language he uses, not the ice itself. The object described by the language cannot exhaust the knowledge of its user, and cannot replace what the recipient's mind knows. ’. This is the limit of language.”

"The language discussed above is the language of people and people, and it is not a language created deliberately. Therefore, it can be said to be a 'natural language'. However, if the language itself is studied and summarized, various new words will be created to use description. That is the so-called 'grammar'. If there is no language, grammar does not exist. Grammar is the language of language, but it can be separated from the meaning of language itself. 'Ice is red'. Although it is wrong at the level of language, it is wrong in There is no error in the form of grammar. Therefore, grammar is a language that is divorced from real objects, a language of pure form, and a metalanguage. Assuming that on top of this grammar, there is a description created for grammar, which is the grammar of grammar, metalanguage Metalanguage. Thus, regardless of the total number of phenomena, the formal level of language itself can be infinite.”

"Now there is a person who makes a wish to the stars in this natural language that can be summarized. 'Please give me inexhaustible wealth'. After hearing this, the stars can neither understand what is 'wealth', nor can they be sure What kind of number is "endless". Because the lifespan of stars is longer than human history, the concept that is taken for granted in the mind of the wisher has been rewritten countless times for stars, with countless possible answers. All vocabulary The directions are all ambiguous, and all grammars can be misinterpreted. For this reason, it is necessary to traverse the entire history to match, and finally to give all the gold of the entire planet."

"There was another man who wished on another star. 'Give me inexhaustible wealth.' The star did not obey words, but read wishes from the mind of the wisher. What it saw "Wealth" is a medium that can satisfy the material desires of the wisher. However, no matter what kind of valuable or priceless currency, its value is equal to nothing. If you want to satisfy your material desires indefinitely, only Eliminate desire itself. So the stars not only take away the material desire of the wisher, but also make him lose the perception of number. Because he neither desires to use nor recognizes the number, what he has can be called 'inexhaustible'."

"The third man heard these things and made a wish to the stars. However, this man had evil thoughts in his heart. He made a trap-like wish to the stars, and what he said was: 'Please don't make this wish come true'. Regarding this Words that the stars could neither fulfill nor fail to fulfill, so the stars fell from the sky in rage, and the world was destroyed."

"Other stars witnessed this and discussed it a lot. Why did such a paradox arise? One of them said that it was because the wisher used leapfrog language. The wish made by the person was not aimed at external phenomena, but It is the wish itself. Before the man speaks, 'this wish' does not exist in the outside world, it is a meaningless natural language. Once it is created by man, it reflects itself in the language of form. The formation of the paradox is due to Confusion of different levels of language. Therefore, it is never allowed to make a wish in human language."

"From now on, only the language of the stars can be used to make a wish. They have so stipulated that they have created a language that will never produce paradox. What is meant by a 'language that does not produce paradox'? In other words, it is the same as The language through which the original event is directly connected. Except for the only referent, there is no redundant creative element, so it is absolutely impossible to establish any grammatical system. If the natural language is assigned a value of one, the corresponding metalanguage is assigned a value of two , what they create is a language that cannot be upgraded, is lower than natural language, and is a zero-value language. From then on, the most perfect language for wishing in the world was born, and the stars stipulate that they can only use this language to make wishes to them ——However, because the language is too close to the phenomenon itself, it has already surpassed the scope of human understanding, and no mortal can learn this language. So since then, the matter of wishing on the stars has been forgotten by people. People use language to learn on weekdays. What they learn is actually the description of language, but they think they have learned the phenomenon itself. This is the trap of human language. If a wise person can transcend the illusion of language and touch the essence of the phenomenon, he will Lamenting the fallacy and incompleteness of language, I sent a message to warn the world: All language is illusory, and knowledge of right and wrong is called knowledge.”

After saying the last sentence, the person standing in front of the podium lowered his head again, and bowed to the only audience in a dignified manner.

"The above is my imagination of Star Language. How do you feel, Classmate Zhou?"

"It's a surprise, classmate Chen. There's no need to continue studying the Chinese department. Let's go to the mountains to start a family at dawn."

Regarding her cynicism, Chen Wei smiled indifferently, put his hands in his pockets and said, "It's not that bad. Generally speaking, I am a neutralist, and I have a neutral attitude towards everything. Religion is good, politics is also good." Well, academically, and by the way, I'm not against same-sex marriage, because I'm a 'unisex' faction."

"...No one asked your opinion, did they?"

"Let's say it first for reference. But student Zhou, I've actually thought about this question for a long time. Why do you take the makeup on your face so seriously when you consider yourself a man? What kind of aesthetic obsessive-compulsive disorder is this? ?"

The other party didn't answer, just sat quietly on the chair, eyes drooping as if falling asleep.Having gotten used to the other party's attitude, Chen Wei also sat back on the window sill, looking at the sky outside and humming a tune.After an unknown amount of time, he heard the person behind him say, "I don't need that language."

"What?" he asked over his shoulder.

"There is no need to invent astrology. If you don't want to cause a paradox, you just need to prohibit that kind of self-referential wish. 'You can't make a wish about your wish', so you can solve the paradox of self-reference. "

"I'm afraid there is no way to prohibit that. Of course, such a rule can be made in name, but it must be changed in some form to sneak in. Although it is not a 'wish about wishes' on the surface, it will still cause self-involvement paradox."

Facing the questioning eyes of the other party, Chen Wei smiled distressedly.

"Ah, sorry, this sounds really difficult to understand, and it is difficult to come up with examples to prove it for a while. However, the hole about self-involvement cannot be filled by prohibiting self-involvement, which has been mathematically proven."

"After failing to become a monk, are you planning to use mathematics to deceive and abduct?"

"Just a normal extra-curricular interest."

"It turned out to be like this. The Chinese student who went for a walk in the haunted house after school is actually a lover of mathematics and philosophy. It's really admirable, student Chen. Next time you encounter a ghost, use your esoteric mathematics Educate her with knowledge."

"...You really have a big opinion on my coming out. However, I don't mean to connect mathematics and philosophy, student Zhou. Maybe that can be established for more professional researchers, for me The interest in mathematics is limited to reasoning. Ah, to me, algorithms and number theory are the same as tricks in mystery novels. I can't do specific calculations, but the idea of ​​"core tricks" can be said. Say."

Again she didn't answer.Although there was no answer, the expression on his face showed concentration.This time, I wanted to listen to what he had to say.

So Chen Wei said: "There is such a perfect building. It is composed of all the mathematical laws in the world. Every law is a brick of it. Because the laws are infinite, the buildings can also be piled up infinitely. However, no matter how high they are piled up, the general structure of the building has been given by the building rules. Just like the language must obey the grammar, the countless bricks in the building are all subject to the iron law of the system itself, That is the foundation of the whole building. At the same time, because it is a perfect mathematical building in theory, the bricks of any mathematical law must be able to fit in. Only one material is not allowed to enter the building, and that is what constitutes the foundation of the building. The laws of the system itself."

"Bricks must go in, but foundation materials are never allowed to enter—this is the absolute iron law imposed to protect this perfect mathematical building. By avoiding such self-referential paradoxes, a formal logic system for judging all number theory It was born. As long as the security system for the foundation does not collapse, this perfect mathematics building can be said to be the highest masterpiece of mathematical logic."

"However, the building ended up with a cunning burglar. Through a very sophisticated set of conjuring tricks, the burglar managed to steal one of the foundations, turning it into a brick, completely legally, and bypassing the security system. It was stuffed into the building. Since it passed the security system test, it was undoubtedly a brick, but at the same time it was part of the foundation. The whole building proved itself to be imperfect, so it began to collapse. Many designers I tried to save this high-rise building in various ways, but no matter how I added or modified its security system, firewall or simply the internal structure, the perfect shape could never come back... This is a very exciting story, Zhou , if you are interested, you should take a look at the reasoning process. However, that is also a pity, because the closest attempt by mankind to a 'perfect logical form' has been broken. No, the defense against self-involved problems fails, It’s a testament to the inadequacy of our thinking.”

"……incomplete."

"Because there is no paradox in reality, Zhou. Even if the building of the number theory system collapses, your own life can continue. No matter how unexplainable paradoxes appear in your mind, the reality you live in will never be affected by this. In this way, reality has always been perfect and self-consistent, and what is incomplete and contradictory is only our limited thinking. In this case, can the forms created by our limited thinking be closer to the ideal state than the world itself? "

He looked at the starry sky outside the window with ease, with a smile on his face.

"Actually, I'm still thinking about another question, Classmate Zhou. That is the existence of wishing stars. I used to think that wishing stars would explode because of paradoxes, and I told you that just now. But, recently, I thought of This raises a new question—if the wishing star really exists, is it a man-made machine or a natural phenomenon? If it is the former, it is not surprising that there are any malfunctions, but if it is the latter, then it is also a part of the world. Part of it. That is to say, its self-consistency is higher than our thinking. Why should it be destroyed because of our mistakes? No, as a wishing star, it will not be forced by the paradox of form , just like the universe will not collapse because people question its starting point, but just continue to run on its own. However, the result of the operation caused by this will definitely lead to the destruction of those who think contradictory. This is my latest Viewpoint, so you say that there is no need to invent astrology, I think it may be right."

"Student Chen, you have made wishing a very disgusting thing."

"That can't be blamed on me, can it? The stars themselves have neither malicious nor good intentions towards people, they just act according to people's ideas. Whether it's wishes or forms, they are just neutral things in themselves, and they are created by people without authorization." Subject and object, object and form. Isn't it natural to bear the consequences? If you only make some reliable wishes, for example, ask the stars to wink at you, I think it is completely harmless. wish."

All the stars in the sky blinked at the two people in the window.Although there is a cannibal murderer hidden among them, they all look very cute at the moment.Isn't this the end?Chen Wei thought, now there is no way to extract a confession by torture.

The girl sitting at the desk puts down the coffee can and quietly buries her face under her arms, looking as if she is about to take a nap.After noticing her exhaustion, he stopped talking, but stared at the sky outside the window, and played the melody of the requiem casually.

From the starry midnight to the blue dawn of the sky.In the first night in this bleak and abandoned school, nothing happened until the end.

When the birds began to chirp, he went to the desk and pushed the sleeping girl awake.

"It's almost time to go back, Classmate Zhou. We didn't get Ms. Ghost's attention last night, so let's go back and get a good night's sleep now."

Saying this in his mouth, in fact, he himself was too sleepy to keep his eyes open.On the contrary, the guy who fell asleep in the middle of the night woke up and helped him walk towards the school gate.

"Can you still ride a bicycle in this state?"

"Ah, I don't think so either. Let's leave the bicycle here first. I'll take a taxi back today."

He rubbed his eyes and opened the map software.At this time, the girl next to her said, "Chen Wei."

"What's the matter? If you want to hitch a ride, don't we live on the same side? Even though I don't know your current address. Don't you live on the west side?"

"If there were such a star, what would you wish for?"

He put down his phone and looked at the people next to him.Although it was a completely fictitious question, the other party seemed very serious, with a dangerous tendency to seek reality in fantasy.

"I... don't have any suitable wishes. However, since I'm sleepy right now, I will probably make some wishes related to dreams. Don't have strange nightmares, and don't have dreams about not being able to find the toilet. Just do it A simple and peaceful dream."

He pressed the confirmation button to call the taxi, and then yawned carelessly.

"It is my wish," he said, "that the dream last a little longer."

　Although it is only a source of inspiration, I hope to avoid mistakes as much as possible.If anyone is interested in the mathematical knowledge mentioned in this chapter, please search "Gödel's incompleteness" to get their detailed content.

　　
　
(End of this chapter)