Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1481 Parting Warning ([-])

The so-called old framework refers to the fact that private ownership in Dashun has long been established.

It also refers to some existing policies of Dashun. For example, in order to relocate people to the border, merchants and landlords were encouraged to "bring people" to the past. If enough people were brought and enough land was reclaimed, it could be given as donations. official.

Of course, it also includes traditional ideas such as land equalization, small farmers, human land, and limited land.

Under these old frameworks, internally, it has actually come to an end; but in the border areas and the new colonies, many things can be done.

It should be noted that at this time, the small-scale peasant economy, especially in the New World, is not backward, nor does it restrict the development of productive forces. On the contrary, it is precisely [the root of the prosperity of colonies].

Whether this prosperity will become a [colonial disease] is another question.

The question is not whether the small peasant economy has reached the stage of restraining the development of productive forces in the New World and the border areas.

Rather, small farmers themselves cannot complete such a large-scale migration.

To put it more clearly:

If there are wormholes in the migration, there is no cost.

Well, small farmers used to farm, and it was pretty good.On the contrary, in this case, large-scale land ownership will actually curb the development of productivity—North America is an example. The early large-scale land sales system made financial capital hoard land and buy land, cut it into small pieces and earn the difference. Promote the development of productive forces, on the contrary also limit the development of productive forces.

However, the reality is that migration is not free.

Therefore, it is necessary to lure capital as a tool for "organizing social forces".

Here, the tool for organizing social forces can be the state apparatus of the imperial court as an entity.

However, Dashun's foundation and framework are here, and the imperial court is incompetent and useless.A central government with such a large area of ​​rule before, which collected 3000 to 480 million taels of silver a year, the tax efficiency of this central government can almost be regarded as the "lower limit" of all centralized countries at this time - Siam in the south, after the centralization reform , the central fiscal revenue reached 1600 million pounds, equivalent to about 8000 million taels of flat silver; after the collapse of Japan, when the industry was still there, an annual revenue of [-] million taels of flat silver was also collected.

The ultra-low taxation efficiency, the local gentry with almost no control, the occupation of gentry land, etc., made the Dashun court itself unable to be a tool for organizing social forces.

Because if the Dashun court wants to make this tool, it means that drastic internal reforms must be carried out.

Including that, using the "equal field benevolence" of the radical faction, the state completely kicks out landlords and gentry to collect taxes, so that it can have enough power to be a tool for organizing social power.

No one in Dashun has the courage to make big moves internally, which is determined by the nature of Dashun, a feudal dynasty.

Therefore, when Dashun itself cannot be a tool to organize social forces, someone needs to play the leading role in the new era.

It's just that singing requires skill, that is to say, in a way similar to the French Physiocrats, "stand on the old aristocracy and the old system in name, and sing songs of the new era."

The "free trade" that Liu Yu talked about before was fake free trade.This point, everyone is well aware.

Liu Yu just stood on Dashun's own advantages in handicraft industry and silver purchasing power, and used the standard mercantilism and monopoly essence to put on the cloak of free trade.

Therefore, Liu Yu's talk about free trade has little influence within Dashun.Because this is only "half the story" at all, and only talked about the part of international trade. In the end, it still relies on reversing the old horse's way of "obtaining commercial hegemony with national power"-obtaining commercial hegemony with national power, really understand, Everyone understands that no matter how round this thing is, it cannot be free trade. This is clearly an obvious mercantilism.

It's just that this is a special form of mercantilism that is different from Europe under the conditions of Dashun's developed handicraft industry and the purchasing power of silver.

Similarly, if someone wants to "inherit" the real school, and at least inherit the real school safely and secretly.

Then you also have to learn similar things: wrapping, packaging, and dressing up.

It is by no means to say that we should directly spray: the feudal nobles are all rubbish, the landlords are all trash, and the landlords are completely a burden in the eyes of the industrial bourgeoisie, etc.

To do things, you must have skills.

Although, in fact, landlords are a burden in the eyes of industrial capitalists, this point has been pointed out by Adam Smith unabashedly.

However, in Dashun, perhaps the folks can say that, but it is not acceptable for Li Yan to say that.Because if he wants to say that, everyone knows Sima Zhaozhi's heart, and he is obviously planning to make trouble.

Therefore, after Li Yan showed his astonishment, Liu Yu smiled and said: "Your Highness, you know, what is the most talked about by the public opinion in the world today?"

This is not a problem.

"The most talked about thing in the world today is the issue of people and land."

Liu Yu asked again: "Compared with 30 years ago, what is the difference between the discussion of human and land issues?"

This question is certainly not difficult.

"Three or 40 years ago, scholars all said that equalization of land is the most benevolent government in the world. Nowadays, there are many scholars who talk about emigration, migration, and cultivation. Equalization of land is a means, and emigration is the purpose. Especially some from the Southern Ocean, Fusang It will be even more so after the land reclamation people come back.”

Liu Yu said again: "Then Your Highness thinks that there is no smart person in the world who can't think of what His Highness thought before? Or, His Highness thinks that His Highness is so talented that only His Highness can think of these methods. Even Hidden and tucked away, thinking that if there is a time to flex your muscles in the future, it will be a blockbuster?"

After that, Liu Yu laughed and said: "Your Highness reads more books than I do, and understands classics even more than I do. But today, I don't talk about economics, trade, and naval affairs, but I want to suggest that Your Highness read Wen Zhonggong's "The Clique" "."

"Ah? This..."

Hearing that Liu Yu had read "Party Talk" because of him, this made Li Yan even more speechless.It's not that he hasn't read it, not to mention reciting it backwards, but it must be no problem to open his mouth.

Seeing him hold back for a long time, Liu Yu said again: "As long as you want to write an article, you must point out the current problems. Pointing out the current problems is nothing more than discovering problems, analyzing problems, and solving problems."

"It's easy to talk about problems."

"Analyzing the problem... then it depends on how to analyze it."

"How to analyze determines how to solve it."

"Then, when it comes to discovering the problem, Your Highness thinks about the discussion on the human-land issue today, and the discussion on the human-land issue three to forty years ago. Avoid some things that you don't want to talk about, so what is the problem, it can actually be manipulated .”

"Where are the current problems in Jiangshan Sheji? How should these problems be solved?"

"The Master said: If the way is different, don't conspire with each other."

"Your Highness's way, if you don't say it, who will know whether it is the same or different?"

These reasons, Li Yan can hear, these are all occasional words.

The real problem is not here at all.

I don't know how to go after Dashun.

Nor is it about issues such as different ways and not conspiring with each other, finding like-minded people and so on.

It's nothing more than talking about these scenes. Li Yan can also say a lot of similar things.

The key question is, from what Li Yan heard, is Liu Yu forcing him to die, or forcing him to do great things?Or do you think the prince had some fun in Hubei before, which means there is still a fight?
More importantly, why did Liu Yu ask herself to write a book?

If it was really for the sake of the country, regardless of the individual, it seemed undoubtedly that Liu Yu was the most suitable candidate.As a subject, if he died normally, he would be extremely honored after death, and he himself is the real leader of the reforms in these years.

Before Li Yan completely gave up, because he felt that the "old conservatives" represented by Liu Yu would definitely support the stability of the government as much as possible, follow the steps, and also want to finish the Yellow River, digest India, and Fusang Lay the foundation for reclamation and so on.

These so-called "old conservatives" refer to the same group as Liu Yu, who have made great contributions to foreign expansion, sealed their wives and sons, and climbed up during the period when they became the mainstream of the practical school. They were regarded as radicals three to forty years ago. that group of people.

In other words, it refers to the group of people who have almost achieved it, have almost done everything that should be done, and then focus on stability, digested what should be digested, and repaired the Yellow River that should be repaired.

At least he thought so.In particular, Liu Yu chose to build the Yellow River, but now he has given up on finally completing the final river excavation. In Li Yan's view, it seems like a statement: leave room for the emperor to make a transition and make a stable transition.

The matter of the Yellow River is already a matter of course.

Whoever will preside over the completion of the work can arrange candidates in advance for the handover as qualifications.

At least, Li Yan thinks so.

But now it sounds like, I'm afraid it's not.

Obviously, Liu Yu's attitude towards road construction, immigration, reclamation, etc. is clearly not "take your time and let it go".

On the contrary, from the previous conversations, it is enough to see that Liu Yu is actually extremely radical about road construction and infrastructure construction.

Many ideas, of course, were proposed by Li Yan.

However, Liu Yu did not object in the general direction.

And in the details, it gives an extremely radical idea of ​​exchanging land for funds and overdrafting to raise money to complete the infrastructure in the future.

He even criticized Li Yan, saying that he still did not put his future on industry and commerce, but still had the same old ideas.

After Liu Yu suggested that he should write a book and explain it concisely, Li Yan was in a state of astonishment and shock almost the whole time.

This... This clearly means that someone needs to be the "general backstage" of industry and commerce, and obviously Liu Yu is thinking about the future, choosing a general backstage and headquarters of industry and commerce after him.

Of course Liu Yu is not the emperor, so it is impossible to designate who is the crown prince and inherit the future affairs.

Of course, Liu Yu is not the prime minister who founded the mansion, so he can choose one of his subordinates to succeed him.He has no power at all, and he is not at all. He is just a vassal of the imperial power. The power of his reforms does not originate from him.

In the way of the prince, the emperor inherited the future affairs, relying on blood relationship.

At this time, Liu Yu is talking about "The Clique", so it seems that his way of inheritance is to rely on "theory", "Tao" and "will".

In other words, to use a relatively close vocabulary at this time, that is, the "orthodoxy" of the Real School.

Who will accept the "orthodoxy" of the real school?
In astonishment, Liu Yu smiled faintly, got up and wanted to say goodbye, only said: "I have learned a lot from talking with His Highness today, and I have realized something in my heart. After going back, I happened to sort out these reasons that I didn't talk about before. The day will be sent to the house."

Li Yan hurriedly saw him off, knowing it well.

Since it was not mentioned before, no one would know that it was Liu Yu who said it.

Compared with practical theory, Li Yan knew that he was quite different from Liu Yu.

Since no one knows that it was Liu Yu who said it, it is up to him to decide whose name will be signed by the public in the end.

When it will be published is another matter.

But as long as he signs his name, it means that he has taken over the "Orthodoxy" of the Practical School.

This thing is not easy to pick up.

or die.

Or "go one step further" in the future.

(End of this chapter)