Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1476 Parting Warning ([-])

When talking about money, it is bound to "hurt feelings".

Money, power, interests, these are all economic issues.

And economic issues often turn into political turmoil and events.

For example, the fall of the Manchu Qing Dynasty in the history of later generations, of course there were many reasons for its demise, such as corruption, incompetence, reaction, oppression of the nation, and so on.

But which event is the "gunshots in Sarajevo"?
Sichuan-Han Railway, Road Protection Movement.

However, did the Sichuan-Han Railway and the Road Protection Movement think about doing things in Boda from the very beginning?

No.

【Civilization Struggle】

[Just want to fight for the road, not against the government.No burning of churches, let alone riots]

This is the appeal at the beginning, and it is just a very pure "economic issue".

Of course, if it were not for economic problems, there would not be so many people participating. Comrade Baolu Association was established for two months and has 20 members.How many people were there in Sichuan at that time?What is the percentage of participation?
Apart from economic factors, it is unlikely that such a large number of people can be gathered in a short period of time.This ratio is already frighteningly high. The 20 Bu Party directly overthrew the Imperial Russia and the Provisional Government, and won the intervention and war. Among them, Ilyich believes that there are still 15 "wavering elements", the real core Just 5.

To put it simply, it is "let Sichuan people compulsively save and compulsorily invest in road construction".

As a result, the group of people who held the money "coveted other people's interest, and others coveted your principal", and the misfortune disappeared all of a sudden.

At that time, the automobile industry was just emerging, and a group of "financiers" engaged in "rubber concept stocks".

empty.

After enclosing a piece of land, he dared to say that he was going to become the largest rubber plantation, hyping the concept wildly.

100 taels of silver per share, three months to pay 12.5 taels of interest, the calculated annual rate of return is 50% - it is obviously a game of drumming and passing flowers.

2月中旬发行的，100两一股。3月29号，已经涨到了1650两一股。

In the future, there is no need to talk about it, because it is conceivable what will happen if this happens.

Everyone who enters the market, especially those with large sums of money, knows that this is a game of drumming and passing flowers.

But everyone who enters the market feels that he is not the last one, but can earn the interest.But in fact, most of the time, what people are targeting is your principal.

Don't think here that the Chinese people at that time were stupid and had never seen this kind of game.If you think so, you underestimate the people of the country.

In fact, when Li Xiucheng, the loyal king of the Kingdom of Heaven, moved to Jiangsu, the big businessmen among the people of the country saw business opportunities in an instant-wouldn't the "long hair" scare the rich to go to Shanghai?The housing prices in Shanghai can't take off?A large amount of land was hoarded to engage in real estate, and finally it collapsed, and countless people died.

Soon after, industrial stocks were speculated, such as steamship bureau stocks, Kaiping coal mine stocks, Changle copper mine stocks, and Hefeng copper mine stocks, which one has not been fired to multiply?
If you only look at the stock market in 1880, especially the industrial stocks, then you may really think that the Qing Dynasty wants to rejuvenate and hide wealth among the people. The valuation of the mining stocks in those years alone bought 12 Warriors. Ironclad.Of course, the end result is...

So, if you know how to play, you know how to play a long time ago, it doesn't mean you don't understand this trick.

Throughout the dynasties, if you understand cultivated land as the "financial investment" of commercial capitalism, and consider the financial attributes rather than the pure means of production, many things are easy to understand. "Businessmen" and the Huahua that the merchants play one by one are not rare things at all.Even before the "foreigner" stock trading set of tricks came, what did businessmen play with salt tickets, monopoly, hype, and price differences?
Therefore, a few years after the industrial stock market crash, there was another wave of rubber concept stocks, which really worked out.

Rubber concept stocks, within four months, sucked up 1400 million taels of silver, and then exploded.

The hard-earned money of ordinary people in Sichuan who built the Sichuan-Han Railway was taken away by financiers.

What should I do if I have no money?
You must know that this money was not bought voluntarily, but was levied by the "31 Tax" in Sichuan by a means similar to taxation.Men, women, old and children, who are registered in the household register, basically have to raise money according to the poll tax and mu tax.

Otherwise, it is impossible to say that the spread will be so wide, and the Baolu Society has assembled 20 people in an instant, and this ratio is already appalling compared to the population at that time.

Therefore, economic problems can easily lead to major political disturbances.

Especially in Dashun, this problem is even more serious.

At least, it is much more serious than most European countries at this time.

Because, Dashun is a country with "private ownership" consciousness, which is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, at least much deeper than France at this time.

Lao Ma said that economists always deliberately confuse the two types of private ownership.The latter kind of private ownership must be built on the corpse of the former kind of private ownership.

These two kinds of private ownership are two different things.

And "private ownership" itself is another matter.

Dashun is not a capitalist country, because the cornerstone of social operation is not based on the latter private ownership eliminating the first private ownership.

However, Dashun is a country with very clear private ownership.

To put it simply, in France at this time, even aristocrats do not actually own a piece of land that legally belongs to them and has clear property rights.

Here is an example to understand what is meant by "private ownership".

What is the exclusive ownership of land, and why it is said that French nobles do not actually own a piece of land with clear property rights according to feudal jurisprudence.

In other words, the French at this time are actually quite incomprehensible about "private ownership", but they are full of expectations.

For example, farmers in France actually have some feudal rights, such as the right to pick ears.

On this noble land, after the harvest, the peasants can go to pick the ears of wheat.

It should be noted that here is "quan", which means picking up ears [quan].

Under real private ownership, such as Dashun.

My field, have you the right to glean in my field?
Suppose, I am a good landowner, I can allow you to glean ears of wheat in my field.However, it does not mean that you have the [right] to pick up ears in terms of jurisprudence, legal rights, and rights.

What is private ownership deeply rooted in the hearts of the people?
Not to mention the completely exclusive ownership of this kind of land, even the trees on the roadside are privately owned.What belongs to the Zhang family belongs to the Zhang family, and what belongs to the Li family belongs to the Li family.

However, the real legal right of "private ownership" was beyond the comprehension of many peasants in France at this time.

For example, it often happens that the urban bourgeoisie in France, in essence, “illegally” obtained land ownership from the nobles—according to feudal legal principles, the nobles did not have full ownership of the land.For example, French farmers’ rights to perpetual tenancy, picking ears, village communal land, grazing rights, etc. Have you greeted farmers and let them transfer these feudal rights?Why can you sell or rent this land to the bourgeoisie?You don't even have clear property rights. Isn't it "illegal" if you rent it out or sell it?

The bourgeoisie, of course, support and understand private ownership.

Therefore, after obtaining the land, the farmers have no right to pick ears and graze on the land.

Then the farmers don't understand, why?Why is this land yours?Why is our right to glean ears and grazing rights gone?
For example, the communal commons.

The ownership of wasteland, grazing land, field, etc., these belong to the nobles, the village community, the peasants, or the king. You can’t tell who owns these public lands—note that they are neither collective, Nor is it national. The French king dared to say that the land was state-owned land, which could allow the nobles to chop off their heads.

The bourgeoisie are opposed to this kind of public land, thinking that this obviously hinders their management.

In 93, after the establishment of real private ownership, legal rights were traced back to some land in this way: For example, the communal land of the village commune is not owned by the nobles at all, but it has been continuously occupied for more than 200 years, and it is not yours at all.

Therefore, the Jacobins can argue for their own land reform from the perspective of the sacredness of private ownership: for example, the distribution of the land of the nobles to the peasants does not mean that they are destroying private ownership, but that for more than 200 years, these nobles Stealing the common land that does not belong to them is not aristocratic in the first place. How can this be regarded as a violation of the sacred principle of private ownership?Just go back 200 years.

"Code Napoleon" said: "Ownership is the right to use, benefit from, and dispose of things absolutely without restriction."

The great significance of 93 in France and in Europe lies in the determination of real private ownership and the resolution of the French "theoretically and jurisprudentially, no one, including the king, owns a piece of land with clear property rights, real, and full ownership." land" issue.

The concept of private ownership has gradually become deeply rooted in the hearts of the people in Europe.

So, in Dashun, does this problem exist?

Your land is yours, and mine is mine.The people of Dashun don't know what private ownership is?I still don't understand that as long as I have a title deed, I have absolute right to dispose of the land?
Gentlemen, dirty officials, corrupt officials, and local black forces can use various methods to occupy land.

However, it is necessary to use "various methods" to deceive the land deed.

Can cheat.can force.You can place a set of loans.Interest can be mortgaged to repay the debt.

However, there is absolutely no such inexplicable and unclear thing as the French nobles "illegally occupying the communal land of the village".

To put it simply, cheating, coercing, and lending are in themselves respect for "private ownership."If you don't respect it, why waste your energy, just grab it.

Private ownership is private ownership.

Stealing, tricking, cheating, abducting, cheating, lending, etc. on the basis of private ownership are another matter.

You include that Shaanxi capital was driven back to Shaanxi from Yangzhou by Anhui capital, and then went to Sichuan to develop salt wells.What has been unresolved is the problem between industrial capital and the local landlord. The landlord said that this land is mine, and he said that he would add two to one and make five, and half of the salt produced would be half for each person, otherwise he would not rent it.

Such contracts abound throughout history.And such a contract itself reflects that private ownership is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.

Equal land, not anti-private ownership.

Juntian is precisely trying to maintain "the first type of private ownership", but redistributes it by violence.

The first type of private ownership and the second type of private ownership are two different things.

But private ownership itself is one thing.

Private ownership exists, which is why the second type of private ownership appears, killing the first type of private ownership and developing on its corpse.

Therefore, private ownership itself is of great significance.

The common people, gentry, and merchants in Dashun understand, understand, and understand the concept of private ownership very well.

Needless to say, Europe is so far away.

Even in North Korea at this time, do the people of North Korea understand what private ownership is?Over there in Japan, do Japanese people understand what private ownership is?

Can't understand.

The land in the hands of the people of North Korea is not the same as the land in the hands of small farmers in Dashun.Therefore, the understanding of the meaning of "mine, yours" is very different from that of people in Dashun.

Including, Liu Yu’s reform of the salt administration in Lianghuai, there is an obvious contradiction between "private ownership" and "non-absolute private ownership"-the salt households believe that those grasslands belong to them; Legally, these grass lands are not theirs, they only have the right to use them, but because of their deep-rooted sense of private ownership, they regard those grass lands as their own.

Therefore, in Dashun, economic problems can easily cause big disturbances.Because private ownership is too deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, as long as there is an economic problem, it can easily degenerate into political chaos.

Especially road construction.

Land rights, land acquisition, equity, income, etc., as long as something goes wrong, accidents are inevitable.

Because private ownership is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, you don't need a "European Enlightenment Movement", and people in Dashun also know that they will oppose it if their rights are damaged.

The storm and thunder on land and private ownership on July 93, 7 had already passed in Dashun.

In France, however, it needs a 200-year brewing process starting from the progress of agricultural technology, the transformation of serfs into permanent tenant farmers due to technological progress, the actual owner farmers, and the legal non-owner farmers, as well as the debate of the Enlightenment Movement. Only French peasants understand what "private ownership" is - the land belongs to others, and I have no right to glean wheat ears on it. It is affection for others to let me pick it up, and it is reasonable for them not to let me pick it up. This is called private ownership.

This is for debate.It starts from the king being the right given by God to the messy rights owned by the nobles on the land, etc.: without the storm in 93, the bourgeoisie wanted to buy land to operate, not just to buy land, but also to " Buy out” the nobles’ pigeon breeding rights, hunting rights, property management rights, and corvee rights; and also “buy out” farmers’ fringe picking rights, grazing rights, village communal land use rights, etc., and so on.

And this principle, in Dashun, does not require "enlightenment", let alone "debate".

You can cheat, set up tricks, cheat, force, etc. on other people's land, but in the end, as long as you get the title deed, then everything is easy to talk about.But if you can't get the title deed, even if you have someone in the government, things won't be easy to handle.

Mergers are carried out under the large ownership system of private ownership.Compared with the messy land in France with unclear property rights and the situation where you don't know who to buy it from, the merger is much more convenient.

Therefore, in the context of this kind of private ownership being deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, such things as economy and rights can easily lead to major events.

To a certain extent, an orthodox feudal dynasty that truly understands the Central Plains should be clear that the core is to "maintain the first type of private ownership, and slow down the emergence of the second type of private ownership and the murder of the first type of private ownership" - suppressing mergers , is one of the methods.

But in essence, it is still private ownership.Moreover, without enlightenment or enlightenment, people will stand up and resist when their own interests are damaged.

(End of this chapter)