Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1455 The Final Farce ([-])

As a prince who has received a good traditional Confucian education, many years ago, when Li Yan followed Liu Yu to Weihai for the first time and participated in a commendation meeting about craftsmen, he learned one thing: Qu Gao and widows, Xialiba people, and craftsmen and sailors, It's not always right to talk about what you say, or to talk about poetry.

With the beginning of his naval career, the harsh environment of sailing warships in this era, and the sailors are considered homeless proletarians. As the breeding ground of Dashun's "scum", Li Yan probably couldn't come up with any rhetoric or poetry.

At that time, Li Yan always wore an eye patch on the eye that was damaged due to acne when he was a child.

The story of the eyes has a special meaning in the process of founding Dashun.The 16th year of Chongzhen's broken arrows as an oath, it can be regarded as Dashun's official declaration that it can continue to use those former officials, and it can be regarded as a political gesture to accept the empire.

Therefore, there is no need for the Venerable to taboo about things that hurt the eyes.Furthermore, after all, this Dashun is the Dashun behind Jiugong Mountain.

Li Yan, who was wearing a blindfold at that time, didn't think so much.

Later in the Navy, it became commonplace to wear blindfolds.After all, the navy has to look at the sun all day long, and experienced people will cover one eye in order to quickly adapt to the scene change between the dark cabin and the blazing sun deck outside. It is not uncommon to wear blindfolds in the navy.

However, Li Yan, who had been wearing blindfolds for decades, no longer wore blindfolds after returning from the Atlantic Ocean after winning World War I.

Instead, they used tea-black glasses carved by craftsmen, with tortoiseshell frames and black crystal pieces.

Used to cover the imperfection of that eye.

To a certain extent, from the point of view of "summoning heroic spirits and wearing the bones of the undead", Li Yan's own conditions are indeed quite good.

The eye that was sacrificed when he was a child can allow him to summon Li Zicheng's small farmer equal land card.

The blood of the old emperor's own son allows him to summon the officer group card of the old emperor's external expansion.

When I was a teenager, I went to practice with Liu Yu, and I could actually summon Liu Yu's business card.

Of course, these are just external conditions.

The essence of making XX great again is to use the past "youth version" policy to solve the current "aging version" problem.

The essence of the progressivist emperor is not an enlightened autocratic monarchy, but "as the emperor of the whole people and the benefactor of the whole class, peacefully and rapidly develop industry, and accelerate and intensify the contradictions between classes in the process of rapid development."

Nasan is different from the essence of those monarchs in the past. It originates from the advent of the industrial age and uses old thinking to solve new problems under the characteristics of the times.And the characteristics of the times make it necessary to make an enhanced version of the three, then you have to figure out the meaning of "industry", "commercial", "free trade", "wage labor", "capital", "consumption", "cyclical turmoil" "Wait for these problems that are unique to the new era and that were negligible even if they existed in the past.

As stated in "On the Eradication of Poverty": The significance of the new era of reclamation cooperatives is:
One can provide shelter for the unemployed in the cyclical upheavals of capitalism.

The second is to increase the cost of employment through agricultural cooperatives, so that private enterprises have to offer higher wages than agricultural cooperatives in order to recruit wage laborers.

Not to mention whether he is sincere or not.

It doesn't say whether this set of things can really work.

Not to mention the strong sense of Saint-Simon's fantasy contained in this set.

It is only said that these two meanings can be added to reclamation.

Then, he does not know how much higher he is than those people from the old forces, the old era, the old brains, and the old aristocrats.

Roughly speaking.

To achieve the enhanced version of taking three, in the three things of discovering problems, analyzing problems, and solving problems, you must be proficient in at least one, misinterpret one, and bullshit one.

At the very least, you must have the ability to "discover problems".

Then, after discovering the problem, you have to misinterpret the direction of "analyzing the problem".

Finally, after misinterpreting the direction, come up with a bullshit "problem solving" solution.

On this point, it is not "On the Elimination of Poverty" that embodies the most classic.

It's in that book called "Economic Reflections on the Problems of the Sugar Industry."

The background of this booklet is that during the Napoleonic Wars, the British navy blocked France, and the sugar from the Caribbean sugar industry, which was so developed that France forced Britain to come up with the "Sugar Tax Act", could not come to France.

Therefore, Nayi launched an alternative campaign to make sugar from French beet lumps.After all, sugarcane cannot be grown in the climate of mainland France.

After taking one into exile, the blockade was lifted, and the sugar industry in the Caribbean was able to sell sugar to mainland France again.However, the beet pimple sugar industry in France has also developed.

Protect the interests of West Indian capital?
Or protect the interests of French native capital?
In view of the traditions of France—for example, the source of the problem of molasses smuggling in North America before, that is, France protected local wine and gave up the interests of West Indian capital to prevent them from producing rum, which led to the extremely low price of French molasses and also led to This led to the start of smugglers in North America and the industry and commerce of northern states-naturally, this involved the issues of "free trade" and "tariff protection".

as well as.

In this country, after all, the islands of the West Indies are also French, and the operators are also French.

In the country, if there is an industrial conflict—in Dashun, Songsu uses Indian cotton textiles, and Hubei uses Jianghan cotton textiles—is it the weak side to preserve the local industrial chain?Or is it a strong party that maintains the colony as a raw material supply chain?

Do you want to add a 'tariff' to "French West Indian sugar to protect the native sugar beet industry?"

Putting it in Dashun, it is "Should we add sub-export taxes to Songsu cotton cloth to protect Hubei's cotton textile industry?"

This is Nasan's first thought about the problem of beet lumps.

The second thought, elicited by the beet pimple, is more interesting.

Another thought elicited by such things as sugar beet, sugar extraction, plantation, farmers, workers, land, and machines.

Namely: 【Large industry and agriculture are different. 】

[If a revolution or an uprising breaks out, then the land resources can still be divided after the revolution, just like the old things]

[But the machines in a big factory are inseparable, otherwise everyone will just have a pile of scrap metal in their hands. 】

[What should we do if a revolution or uprising broke out in the factory era, or caught up with the economic turbulence cycle? 】

[Industrial development is correct, and obviously correct]

[But industrial development, is it necessary to follow the route of large-scale industry? 】

[Is it possible to take the route of scattered small factories?The manufacturing industry of the small factories that bloom everywhere is not concentrated in the big cities, but scattered in various towns]

[In this way, the industry has been developed]

【Workers, it is also easier to switch between workers and farmers.When industry and commerce encounter a crisis cycle, workers can also go to the countryside to take refuge and escape the turbulent cycle]

This, of course, is the problem with the Saint-Simonian utopia, but also the reality of the social existence and economic foundations of the French mainland.And... paved the way for France not to complete the monopoly and large-scale coal and iron complexes in the future, so that it became mixed with usury imperialism.

But in Dashun, the embarrassing thing is... the development of the textile industry in Nantong's "fake men farming and women weaving" model of household iron wheel looms seems to be following the same thinking as Nasan, at least, it seems to be Pretty similar.

Of course, the essence is different.The difference here is that one is a compromise to reality and an expedient measure to be alert to the old forces; the other simply regards all of this as the future.

The reason why Nasan thinks this way is because of what Lao Ma said: use the youth version of the thinking of small farmers and small producers to solve the real problem that small producers have declined.That is to say, in case of indecision, the land will be divided.Then use the idea of ​​​​dividing the fields to think about the big factories, and found that there is no solution. You can't dismantle the big factories into parts, right?
Therefore, Lao Ma said that the idea of ​​​​taking three is that once it comes to production relations and ownership, the bubble will burst, because he dare not touch the issue of ownership, and he does not dare to touch the issue of production relations-why must Want to disassemble the factory into parts?Why must we think about the problem of large factories with the idea of ​​​​dividing land?
And the third thought triggered by the beet lumps in France and the sugar cane in the French colonies...

It should be said that this is the key to being the "emperor of progress", "emperor of the whole people", "emperor of small farmers, unemployed, and poor".

That is: [The essence advocated by free trade believers is actually to protect consumers at the expense of domestic laborers. Generally speaking, it is beneficial to the wealthy class and not to the poor class]

【The interests of consumers force manufacturers to become oppressors】

[In order to beat the competition, goods must be produced at the lowest possible price, they must impoverish thousands of people, must permanently lower wages, must employ women and children...]

[Britain has realized the dream of some modern economists, and its manufactures are cheaper than in all other countries.But this advantage comes only at the expense of the working class]

[The low price of commodities depends on the low price of labor force, and the low price of labor force puts laborers in a miserable situation... How can we gain an advantage in free trade without lowering wages and oppressing manufacturing workers? 】

[If believers in free trade dare to implement their harmful theories in France, at least 200 million French workers will lose their jobs...]

[Agriculture and industry are the two major sources of social vitality.Foreign trade is just the result]

【Do not separate our glory from material things, namely industry and agriculture】

[Do not base the false system of commercial prosperity on the destruction of a thriving national industry.Take the sugar beet issue as an example. If the control is relaxed for the sake of business prosperity and good finances, and the Caribbean sugar cane overwhelms the local sugar beet, this is short-sighted]

Since it is a whole set of "jing".

Then, it must be connected up and down with the rest of the booklets.

This question goes back to the content in "On the Elimination of Poverty", and it is a perfect connection.

【…The country is made up of producers who cannot sell and starving people who cannot consume. These producers who cannot sell and hungry who cannot consume (to develop industry and commerce) force the government to exist in thousands of countries, as in England. Thousands of French or British who have lost everything go to China to find thousands of consumers]

【If these French or British can buy food and suitable clothes, they will be able to create a much greater commercial activity and development of industry and commerce than the most favorable treaty obtained by invading China.】

[It is better to let the wealth of the country grow than to go to China to find a market]

Of course, it is absolutely ironic that these words came out of the mouth of the guy who activated the two crows, since he slapped his face to the extreme.

It is also true that Nasan is using the youth version of the idea of ​​small farmers and small producers to solve the practical problem of the impending decline of small farmers and small producers.

However, his idea, under certain conditions, can achieve results.

From a purely technical point of view, his idea is to "compete agricultural wages with industrial wages, thereby forcing industry to offer higher wages.

And higher wages will expand the domestic market.The expansion of the domestic market has promoted the further prosperity of industry and commerce."

Is this technically feasible?

Under certain conditions, it is feasible.

For example, from North America, where Jefferson allowed the sale of small land and then to the Westward Movement Homestead Act, from a technical point of view, it can also be regarded as such a route.

But, here's the problem.

Lao Ma said this question, that is, the population, arable land, land, etc. in North America, is applicable to this "youth version" thinking.But Lao Ma also said that this youth version of thinking can only go after the Civil War, and after the Civil War, it must turn.

As for France, of course, the area of ​​cultivated land per capita is much larger than that of Dashun.

However, the per capita arable land area of ​​France is only larger than that of Dashun.It is still not comparable to North America, and it is impossible for every French family to have a farm.

The basis of this reality lies here. How can you follow the idea of ​​"agricultural wages compete with industrial wages"?
In France, even if the land is divided, even if the small peasants take the initiative not to have children to prevent the next generation from slipping due to the equal share inheritance law, the problem is that in your French land, how can it be possible for agriculture to force industrial wages?
How many acres of land per capita in France?It’s because the per capita is a bit more than China, but if you compare it with North America, isn’t that just playing tricks in front of the Dragon King?Have you reached the limit of a small farmer who can harvest once a year in rough agriculture under the level of iron ox farming technology?

That's far away.

Therefore, this is the way of thinking of Nasan in "On the Elimination of Poverty".

First of all, the empty ground assumes that France actually has a lot of wasteland, at least 919 million hectares of wasteland that can be cultivated at any time, that is, 1 million acres of wasteland.

Then assume that these lands that have not been planted for so many years can be developed in two years.

Suppose then that an agricultural output of about 10 francs can be produced per acre.

Finally, assume that there is only a tax of 0.5 francs per acre, or a contract tax for private owners.

Then assume that 200 million unemployed French people come to manage the 1 million acres of land.

Finally, based on these assumptions, it is concluded that each unemployed person in France can obtain an average annual income of 600 francs.

Then, the country’s income will increase by 7000 million francs per year. According to the algorithm that two more cows can be raised per hectare of land, the country can produce 1800 million more livestock meat and milk every year. This is equivalent to an increase of 200 million for French industry and commerce every year. Strong consumer market with an average income of 600 francs.

And this way, if the industrial industry wants to recruit people, it has to pay a salary higher than 600 francs per year, otherwise why don't the people go to farm?
If the industrial industry pays such a high salary every year to recruit people, then this is tantamount to solving the problem of France's "internal market" at once.That is [this is much stronger than going to China to fight for that market].

In this way, France can't take off?

That's the problem.

You see, Nasan talked about industry and commerce, and that agriculture and industry are the foundation of wealth, and that the development of industry and agriculture should not be damaged because of commercial interests, and that the world is material, and that labor relations and wages compete……

The problem is that he admits that the world is material.

However, his solution was neither realistic nor material at all.

All his solutions are based on "assuming that France currently has 2500 million hectares of agricultural land, and assuming that France still has 900 million hectares of uncultivated agricultural land that would have a high yield per mu once reclaimed".

In short, all his solutions are based on the fact that France has 5 million acres of arable land or pasture land.

And, assuming that the value of agriculture and animal husbandry created per hectare of land is 195 francs.

Of course, he also put a patch on it-[When France does not have enough land at a low enough price, such a commune will set up branches in Algeria, America itself; it can invade the world one day!For wherever there is a hectare of land to be cleared, where there are poor people to feed, there is its capital, its army of workers, its endless activity]

Even if France doesn't have it, what about Algeria?Isn't there one in America?So, don't get bogged down with numbers.Tangled with numbers, interesting?

What does the same statement mean in Dashun?
That is, according to the proportion of France, it is assumed that Dashun still has 80 billion mu of reclaimable land that has not yet been cultivated; it is assumed that each mu of land can create an output value of about 5 taels of silver.

Then, Dashun has a total of more than 3 million people, plus the original more than one billion mu of land, a total of 100 billion mu of cultivated land.

The problem of Dashun's small farmers falling into poverty, isn't it solved?Isn't the internal market bottleneck of Dashun's industrial and commercial development solved?The wages of the hired workers in Dashun are equal to a few catties of sorghum rice a day, isn't it also solved?You give me a few catties of sorghum rice a day, I am no longer a worker, I can go to be an agricultural industrial army with a yearly income of 200 taels...

As a result, poverty has been eliminated, the domestic market has expanded, wages have risen, and consumption power has increased...

This set of principles, right?

Basically, in this era that suffers from the development of capitalism and the underdevelopment of capitalism, it is very correct only in terms of technical issues.

Especially right.

The problem is, this is another "correct bullshit".

Where can France find 5 million acres of arable land and 1 million acres of uncultivated land that can be reclaimed?

Where does Dashun go to find 100 billion mu of arable land, and there are portals and wormholes between the land, which can instantly achieve "per capita grain possession", "per capita meat possession", "national average price of grain, Meat Shunjian can fly from North America to Gansu" technology?
only.

Think for a moment.

This is not the same as the idea of ​​"first equalize the land for large immigrants, [-] million people and a family of five with a hundred acres of land, and then develop industry and commerce", does it seem like a thing born by a mother?
(End of this chapter)