Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1452 "Emperor" ([-])
Therefore, the question for Dashun now is whether there will be such a cunning, capable, and most able to stand in the tide of the times in the near future—after Liu Yu runs away and the old emperor dies—in the near future. Stand up to the feudal rulers who are both right and left.

Act as [Paternal benefactor of all classes].

Putting on the cloak of "he is the Li Zicheng the small farmers hope for", and playing the banner of being the "emperor of the small farmers" and "the emperor of the common people".

Against the background of [the system of the bourgeoisie, which has become a bloodsucker to suck the heart and brains of small landed property and throw it into the alchemical furnace of capital] in this pioneering area, can this person forcefully The powerful and violent tool of the state, under the banner of "emperor of small peasants", has come to defend this system of "vampires sucking blood and brains".

This was Liu Yu's sole purpose in returning to the capital before deciding to run away.

Neither for the Yellow River course.

The course of the Yellow River is not a technical problem. During the Manchu Qing Dynasty, a group of people knew that the Yellow River would definitely go to the Daqing River, and even proposed a plan to divert the Daqing River.When the course of the Yellow River was only a technical issue, anyone could do it.

Nor is it to schedule techno-sage reminders after the Academy of Sciences.

In this nautical clock competition, the old carpenter single-handedly defeated the era of top scientists from Galileo to Newton to Euler. It should be said that at this time, the basic theory has not yet limited the development of science and technology. stage of stagnation.

He still hopes to have a talk with Dashun's possible official successors, or the ambitious princes.

Now that Dashun is in this situation, it has once again reached the crossroads of moving forward or repeating reincarnation.

Lao Ma talked about the problems under the small-scale peasant economy, and the trend of moving forward or reincarnating.

[Small land ownership creates a surplus population without occupations, making them unable to find a place to live in either the countryside or the cities.Therefore, they seek official positions...]

This is manifested in Dashun, and before that, is nothing more than redundant officials and staff, and the bribery of students since the Ming Dynasty.

Taxes should be levied but not levied, which in itself can be regarded as a kind of "dry salary" for officials.

Studying for the imperial examination is the pursuit of official positions under the national conditions of Dashun.Including being an official, it can be regarded as a similar situation.

[Small landownership is, by its very nature, a base for innumerable bureaucrats.It creates a uniform level of all relationships and individuals across the country.Therefore, it also makes it possible to act equally on all parts of this uniform whole from a supreme center.]

【It eliminates the aristocratic intermediate ladder between the masses of the people and the power of the state】

Theoretically, after all, Dashun no longer has that kind of enfeoffment system of nobles.

And in this situation, with Dashun's comparison at this time, how far has it come?

[Take one, with the help of the new market he opened up with the bayonet, and with the help of the plunder of the mainland, he repaid the taxes he imposed with interest along with the principal]

[The tax of taking one was once a means to stimulate farmers to develop sideline businesses]

[But now, taxation makes these sideline businesses lose their last resources and the last possibility to resist impoverishment]

To put it simply, put it on Dashun's side.

At the beginning of the founding of Dashun, the land redistribution in North China continued the currency tax system of the previous dynasty and basically canceled the tax in kind.

This stimulated the development of "men farming and women weaving" in Dashun.Because small farmers must develop sideline businesses in order to support their families and get enough money to bear taxes.It is definitely not enough to just sell grain for currency.

But now, the tax squeeze has made the sideline business completely reduced to "self-sufficiency" in some places, and it has also greatly reduced the ability of small farmers to resist risks.

As for opening up new markets with bayonets, plundering colonies, and repaying taxes with interest...

For this kind of thing, it can only be said that the situation in Dashun is different.

And Dashun is not a conscription system, but a recruitment system.

These plundered and opened up markets, even returning the principal with interest, actually involved millions of people.

Including those who benefit from the bayonet opening up new markets, those who grow mulberry, those who raise silkworms, those who rub tea, those who weave cloth, etc. are all added.

It also includes those who finally obtained overseas land use rights because they joined the army, especially some long-term recruits. They can get at least more than [-] acres of land—that is, the taxes levied on them before will be returned with interest. , not too much.

But, that's all.

France has a population of just over 2000 million, and millions of families were involved during the war, and its plunder on the mainland can be regarded as returning the principal and interest to the farmers.

With a population of more than 3 million in Dashun, it is impossible for so many families to participate in the war, and it is impossible to find such a large market, so that the sideline business of small farmers can become their means of getting rich-hardworking hands weaving, but overseas markets Can it guarantee that the production of nearly 7000 million households in Dashun can be exchanged for benefits?
In other words, with more than one-third of the world's population, how can everyone benefit from overseas markets?How big is the overseas market?How much loot?
So, going around and around, it seems to have gone back to the old emperor's idea of ​​"dividing internal and external rule".

Cheap industrial products are the shells that break down some ancient Great Walls.

The emperor's intention was to re-build a brand new Great Wall and isolate the first-developed areas by dividing the inside and outside.

It prohibits the industrial products of the first-developed areas, and also prohibits the large amount of currency obtained from overseas by the first-developed areas from flowing into the later-developed areas, so as to maintain the stability of the more than 2 million small farmers in the latter-developed areas.

The shells that broke through the Great Wall are of course cheap industrial products.

Because if it is not cheap, take the present as an example, even if the UK has smashed all the customs in Dashun and controlled the tariffs, it is still useless.

Because, at this time, British goods are not only not cheap enough, but more expensive.Adding the freight, not to mention breaking the ancient Great Wall, now even the ancient pantheon of India cannot be done.

In other words, cheap industrial products are a necessary condition for breaking the ancient traditional society.Without cheap goods, it is certainly impossible to break the traditional society.

However, is it true that there are cheap industrial products that will definitely break the traditional society?

Here, of course, there is a process.

For example, the Opium War in history, the Sino-Japanese War, the aggression of the Eight-Power Allied Forces, etc., and so on.

With cheap industrial products, cheap industrial products themselves will not grow legs.

Similarly, "free trade" in a real ideal state does not actually exist.

The customs are guarded and the court does not collapse, which is the so-called "closed door and closed country".

Obviously, then, at least it can slow down the time for traditional society to be crushed by cheap industrial products.

Then, the meaning of the emperor is also very obvious.

Since the court has not yet collapsed.

Since the imperial court is still very powerful.

Since the prince's radical industrial and commercial reforms in Hubei have created the "rice ban" fun.

So, is it possible to build a new Great Wall and use internal tariffs and administrative means to isolate cheap industrial products, capital, currency, etc., and move inward?

Historically, Britain had cheap industrial goods.

However, the destruction of traditional society requires some strong means.

Such as the evil Opium War, such as the right of passage of inland rivers, such as the abolition of sub-export taxes, such as customs duties subject to colonists, and attempts to split China so as to divide and rule.

But now, Dashun is actually doing the opposite.

It is to use cheap goods from the pioneering regions to overwhelm the traditional societies in other parts of the world.

But it also tries to protect the traditional small peasant society inside with the logic of closing the country.

For the advanced areas, as Liu Yu said—the Fusang immigration is a rehearsal of the Great Eastward Migration in the most eastern part—it can allow the people in the interior to migrate to the advanced areas, thereby ensuring a steady stream of cheap labor in the advanced areas.

For late-developing areas, it is like a simplified version of Wang Yuan's theory that only farmers have land. Through household registration control, the inward flow of population in early-developing areas is prohibited.

In fact, for the people at the bottom, this kind of flow itself is one-way.

It is definitely better for the inland to go to the eastern region to work as cheap labor than to grow the two acres of land at home.

And even for the bottom layer in the east, they can continue to go east instead of going west.

However, for the middle and above, in essence, this kind of flow is not one-way.

In short.

Capital needs to rely on human legs to run.

In essence, the internal and external division envisioned by the old emperor of Dashun is essentially to restrict the flow of capital to the inland.That is to say, through the control of household registration, etc., people who carry capital are restricted from going to the mainland.

The collapse of traditional society under the impact of a large amount of monetary funds and cheap industrial products from overseas is very terrible.

It's not just the smallholders who have completely collapsed.

Rather, even some gentry and landlords may not be able to get along.After all, in rural areas, landlords often also operate handicraft industries, such as brewing, weaving and so on.This kind of manic shock will lead to the sudden disintegration of the internal traditional society, and there will be such a degree that even small landlords can feel that bankruptcy is imminent.

The old emperor had vaguely sensed this crisis.

Therefore, he hoped to use this crude, clumsy, but seemingly feasible method that was within the administrative capacity of Dashun.

Let's use the most stupid method, that is, to rebuild the "Great Wall of Administrative Orders" internally, and use administrative means similar to the British "Cotton Cloth Prohibition Order" to solve the problem that after the currency reform, a large amount of precious metals may flow to the inland arable land for speculation, It also solves the problem of the impact of the continuous development of industrial and commercial products on the traditional small peasant society.

The method Liu Yu used in Songsu before was similar to forced foreign exchange settlement, compulsory issuance of exchange certificates, and the prohibition of "foreign exchange" from directly entering the interior, controlling the massive amount of silver that has flowed in these years, and forcing these massive amounts of silver to go to the Northeast, Southeast Asia, shrimp Run on the barbarians, or invest in industry and commerce.

Now, the old emperor doesn't think that this method can be controlled by future generations.Or, this itself has a huge loophole.

Moreover, Dashun's currency reform was also involved.

It is impossible to issue two sets of currencies, one for the inland and one for the coastal areas... Then what happened?
Even if there is a period of time in later generations, when the thinking is the most chaotic and the arm-wrestling between the local government and the central government is the most powerful, Guangdong issued its own currency, and it was immediately stopped.

However, if Dashun wants to carry out currency reform, maintain system one, maintain centralization, or maintain the country itself, it is absolutely impossible to issue two sets of currencies.

Once the currency is unified—before this, Dashun’s currency was not unified, so that within a province, the exchange rate of the same copper coin and silver may have a huge difference—then how to control the flow of currency to the inland arable land , This is a problem that an emperor, whether it is an old emperor or a new emperor who is about to come to power, must face it.

Being able to think of this step at least shows that the development of industry, commerce and overseas trade in these years has changed some social existence, and finally made the Dashun court's understanding of currency a step higher.

Everyone knows that if administrative means are not used, money will definitely go to land, pawnshops, and usury.

Shaanxi businessmen, Anhui businessmen, Shanxi businessmen... have proved this point time and time again with practice.

The development of foreign trade has led to operations such as planting tea, cotton, and sesame in Hubei. The radical industrial and commercial policies of the prince directly caused the food shortage incident.

It also made the emperor feel uneasy about the negative factors in the development of industry and commerce.

What the prince did in Hubei does not mean that there is no way to solve it.But this requires vision, wrist, and preparation in advance.

The old emperor's uneasiness stemmed from the incident in Hubei. It can be seen that the prince is just like a man.

The old emperor believed that if Liu Yu went to Hubei to engage in industry and commerce, there would definitely not be a food shortage, and he would definitely make preparations in advance.

But the problem is that the method of the successor, after this incident, is fully revealed.With the appearance of a middle-aged man, I am afraid that he cannot control those complicated methods.

This is the direct reason why the old emperor was full of uneasiness about the negative factors of the continued development of industry and commerce.

Since the methods are complicated, I am afraid that the heirs will not be able to control them.

Then, it is better to directly build a new Great Wall of administrative orders to separate the inside and the outside.

This, at least not backwards.

Instead of retreating, one reason is that Dashun's current financial situation has been severely tied to the industry and commerce in the pioneering areas.It is not so easy to retreat, even if you retreat, you need a long-term layout.

another reason……

It is still the radical reform of the prince in Hubei.

Even the industrial and commercial reforms in Hubei have been done like this.Do you think it's that simple to go back?

In the current situation, it would take a lot of skill to go back. How could there be a way to go back even with such a good industrial and commercial development?

Rather than letting the prince face new contradictions, new problems, or even the sequelae of a "simple" currency reform in the future, he will be at a loss, lose ground, and end up either radical, or frightened after being radical. Conservative or even reactionary, move around Go and change into a Wang Mang.

It's better to make arrangements in advance, at least according to the current set, you can walk into Xiao Gui Cao Sui.

And this is precisely what Liu Yu thinks that this may be the prerequisite for creating opportunities for careerists.

Because of this, a large amount of currency is equivalent to not being dispersed throughout the country, but leaving two provinces; within the first-developed areas, it is impossible to avoid the impact of cheap industrial products; and it is even more impossible to restrain land mergers.

It will accelerate the contradictions in the advanced areas, and the bankruptcy of small farmers and small producers will be extremely accelerated.

At that time, the bourgeoisie may have to choose an emperor who can "protect capitalism".

In other words, choose someone who can protect their interests in foreign expansion, protect their rights to annex land in advanced areas, protect their rights to hire extremely cheap labor, and be able to control the army and organize a set of regime systems and tools of violence... new emperor.

In view of Dashun's special situation, this can only be the new emperor, not Duke Huguo.And the surname must be Li. It is best to blast directly into the capital in the way of "Qingjun side" to keep it as stable as possible.

The new emperor must be traditional, in line with tradition, at least with the tradition of Dashun's succession law.Otherwise, the bourgeoisie in the pioneering areas would have to face the small peasants in the traditional areas and find an emperor who enshrined traditional ideals and a bureaucratic gentry who relied on traditional power to fight against them.

At the same time, the new emperor must be radical and transformative, and at least protect the interests of the bourgeoisie in the advanced areas.At least, maintain everything that exists, and ensure a stable greenhouse for them to continue to grow, and can guarantee overseas interests, and even have the ability to command external expansion and war to win more markets.

To put it simply, the new emperor must wear a traditional cloak, even the bones of his ancestors, to maintain the new order.

The foreign name is Huguogong?First ask the gentry, bureaucrats, and scholars in many provinces in the interior if they recognize it.

The power of tradition is still very strong, so strong that no one will think that these people who represent traditional power are really so weak and deceptive.

(End of this chapter)