Rebirth 2002: Nano Life

The destructive power of this tsunami was indeed very large, because the magnitude of the earthquake was so large that it was finally determined to have a moment magnitude of 9.3.

This was the strongest earthquake since the 1960 Chichi earthquake and the second strongest earthquake in history. It triggered a tsunami as high as more than 10 meters, affecting as far as Oman in the Persian Gulf, Somalia on the east coast of Africa, Mauritius, Reunion and other countries. Huge casualties and property damage.

"Yizhe, you said that human technology is so advanced, why are earthquakes so difficult to predict? I have read a book, and the book introduced that our country has successfully predicted an earthquake!" Xia Yi asked.

"You should be talking about the 1975 Haicheng earthquake. Earthquake prediction enthusiasts and civilian scientists always like to mention the successful prediction of this earthquake." Chen Yizhe shook his head and continued, "The successful prediction of the earthquake in Haicheng is not entirely based on the The result of scientific reasoning is full of contingency and far-fetched elements! It is mainly judged by more than 500 foreshocks that there will be major earthquakes in the future, but 90% of the destructive earthquakes in the world have no obvious foreshocks. Therefore, Haicheng The successful prediction of earthquakes is extremely accidental. Thinking that if there was a way to successfully predict earthquakes, there would not be so many casualties in the Tangshan earthquake the following year.”

Chen Yizhe continued, "In fact, there are three main reasons why earthquakes are difficult to predict.

The first point is the inaccessibility of the earth at this stage. Humans can only speculate on the changes that have taken place in the underground by relying on surface observations, and this kind of speculation is very simple.

The second point is the complexity of the gestational rhythm of earthquakes. Earthquakes of different magnitudes in different geographical structural environments, different time periods, and different magnitudes all show that they are quite responsible for the rhythm-pregnancy process.

The third point is that under the small probability of earthquakes, earthquakes occur every year in the world, and some are relatively large; but for a region, the repetition time of earthquakes is very long, decades, hundreds of years. , even for thousands of years, and for scientific research, statistical samples are needed. And the acquisition of this sample is very difficult in a person's human years. "

"But why do I always hear that animals are abnormal before earthquakes? Can animals predict earthquakes?" Xia Yi asked at this time.

"The so-called animal anomalies are actually spread by the people, and most of them are after the fact, the ingredients of hindsight! After an earthquake occurs, there are basically three modes of propagation, one is longitudinal wave, one is transverse wave, and the other is surface wave. Waves. Longitudinal waves travel the fastest, at 6 to 7 kilometers per second, while shear waves and surface waves travel much more slowly, and the destructive effects of earthquakes are mainly brought about by surface waves. If animals can really If they feel abnormal, it is likely that they sensed the longitudinal waves that arrived earlier, so there is an abnormal movement."

Looking at Xia Yi like a primary school student listening carefully, Chen Yizhe laughed, "It's like in a thunderstorm, some people see lightning, some people hear thunder, and those who see lightning are better than those who only hear thunder. of people who knew about the thunderstorm earlier, and it was just a little earlier, not a prediction."

In Chen Yizhe's view, predicting earthquakes is actually more difficult than making controllable nuclear fusion devices.

Because of the occurrence of earthquakes, there are many factors, among which the data to be monitored is not only the earth itself, but also two guys outside the earth, the sun and the moon,

Like sea level, the Earth's surface rises and falls like tides due to the gravitational pull of the sun and moon. In the current study, the team found that low-frequency earthquakes are more likely to occur at certain stages of this cycle.

Tides on the Earth's surface are strongest when the Sun, Moon and Earth are aligned, and this gravitational pull can cause the Earth's crust to stretch and compress. Some faults are more sensitive to tidal forces than others, and factors such as the orientation of the fault and its distance from the crust can also affect this sensitivity.

If human beings really develop equipment that can successfully predict earthquakes, Chen Yizhe believes that human science and technology at this time are very developed, because this shows that humans and deep inside the earth, the internal structure of the earth is monitored by humans every minute and every second, while With this technology, I believe that human beings have already left the earth.

"Isn't the earthquake unpredictable?" Xia Yi continued to ask.

"It's just that there is no such technology at this stage. What human beings can do now is to improve the earthquake resistance of buildings and do a good job in educating this knowledge. Residents living in the earthquake zone should have a sense of anxiety about earthquakes. Have a sense of disaster prevention." Chen Yizhe remembered that when the Wenchuan earthquake occurred in the future, the Beichuan base station collapsed, the phone could not be made, and there was no news within 24 hours.

Beichuan is in the earthquake zone. If the county government had even prepared a satellite phone to communicate the situation with the outside world in a timely manner, rescuers would have entered much earlier, and the loss of life and property would have been greatly reduced.

The biggest casualty in this tsunami is in Indonesia, and Chen Yizhe has never had much affection for this country. After all, Chen Yizhe has also seen pictures of the 1998 Chinese Exclusion Incident.

Therefore, this time Chen Yizhe did not donate to Indonesia, but to several other countries that suffered in the tsunami.

But this time, the Indian Ocean also reminded him of the Wenchuan earthquake that occurred in China a few years later.

Of course, it is impossible for Chen Yizhe to create an instrument for predicting earthquakes. As he said earlier, he is still very self-aware of the difficulty. But compared to this, Chen Yizhe has a simpler method. Since he knows the approximate time of the earthquake in advance, he can artificially create animal visions. With Chen Yizhe's ability, he still has a way to do this.

…

Why does Chen Yizhe feel that the instrument for predicting earthquakes is more difficult to build than the controllable nuclear fusion device? The reason is that Chen Yizhe is studying the controllable nuclear fusion device in the underground laboratory during this time. The result is that the success probability of studying nuclear fusion at this stage is much higher than that of studying seismometers~www.readwn.com~ The biggest difficulty of nuclear fusion technology lies in how to miniaturize the reactor and how to control the energy generated by the fusion reaction. And how to continuously work in a steady state to continuously output energy.

According to the existing mainstream technical solutions, nuclear fusion can only be carried out in a high temperature and high pressure environment, so the research in this area is collectively referred to as "thermonuclear fusion".

The two pathways for thermonuclear fusion are magnetic field confinement fusion and inertial confinement fusion. Nuclear fusion under magnetic field confinement requires higher temperature to form ultra-high temperature plasma, while nuclear fusion under inertial confinement requires strong laser energy flow, and the general conditions are difficult to achieve, so it brings great difficulties to the utilization of nuclear fusion energy. Thermonuclear fusion research often requires huge investment and the construction of expensive and bulky equipment. However, there has been no success so far.

In addition, there are several other fusion schemes.

Take cold nuclear fusion, for example. In the 1880s, some scientists raised the issue of cold nuclear fusion. In the end, no scientist could conduct experiments stably in public. This issue ended in scientific lies.

The basic principle of cold nuclear fusion is to use nickel powder and hydrogen to chemically react at hundreds of degrees Celsius to generate a lot of heat. And this chemical reaction has a good self-protection function. When the temperature of the chemical reaction is too high, the nickel powder will melt and the reaction will stop. Therefore, there will be no danger that the reaction cannot be controlled and the temperature is too high to damage the equipment or cause an explosion.

Why Chen Yizhe skips nuclear fission and studies nuclear fusion, in fact, the main reason is: whether it is the fuel substance of deuterium for thermonuclear fusion, or the two substances of nickel powder and hydrogen for cold nuclear fusion, compared with uranium, Chen Yizhe easier to get.