I Kidnapped An Alien Civilization

2021-07-07

Chapter 263 Double-Slit Interference

“Retreat! No calls and visits, please do not disturb!”

After sending the group text messages, Li Mo hesitated for a while, opened the whitelist of mobile phone calls, and did not choose to shut down directly.

He is no longer the grad student who used to “get nothing”.

Yanjing Mozi Science and Technology Laboratory has gained a great reputation in the world due to the research and development of black technology batteries. Everyday all will receive many requests from domestic and foreign laboratories for application and exchange.

Moxing Technology’s business is even more busy. Although Moxing Battery’s second-phase factory has been put into operation, its production capacity is still far from meeting the market demand. The “rich and imposing” Moxing Technology had to continue to build new factories, and now factories 3, 4, and 5 are under construction. Plants 6, 7 and 8 are in the site selection stage.

Due to Moxing Battery’s environmental attributes, the battery factory will not emit any harmful substances, and according to the current production capacity, it can pay billions of profits and taxes every year, and can also provide thousands of jobs. Therefore, some far-sighted places have extended olive branches to Moxing Technology.

For a while, Li Mo’s daily tasks included many more calls that he had to answer. After being overwhelmed, he gave the right to the factory site selection. But for those places that are dedicated to the people, special personnel are sent to wait at the entrance of Moxing Technology. Now Xia Qing commutes to get off work like a secret agent on a secret mission.

Li Mo took out a can of energy coffee from his “backpack”, drank it all in one gulp, then closed his eyes and cleared out the cluttered thoughts in his head.

After a long time, when he reopened his eyes, he had already entered the “bursting liver” mode.

The foundation of quantum computer-quantum mechanics was produced at the end of the 19th century. Scientists found that there are more and more deficiencies in classical mechanics and classical electrodynamics in describing microscopic systems.

Different from macroscopic systems that can be truly described, microscopic systems are full of randomness that cannot be directly observed.

The famous Austrian physicist Schrödinger once proposed an experiment that all physicists hate, which is “Schrödinger’s cat”. In the experiment, a poor cat was “ruthless” by Schrödinger, locked in an airtight container with a small amount of radium and cyanide.

Due to the possibility of the decay of the radioactive element radium, if the radium decays, it will trigger the mechanism to break the bottle containing cyanide, and the poor cat will die immediately.

If the radium does not decay, the cat can continue to live.

Because of the existence of the box, humans cannot directly observe whether the poor cat is alive or not, so now the question arises, is the poor cat’s state dead or alive?

If according to classical physics, one of these two outcomes must happen inside the box, the cat inside the box is either alive or dead, but an outside observer can only know what’s inside if the box is opened.

In the quantum world, when the box is closed, the entire system maintains an uncertain wave state, that is, the cat is in a state of superposition of life and death. When the experimenter opens the box, the quantum wave function collapses in the box due to the presence of the observer, so the cat will appear “real”.

In other words, in the quantum world, the existence of an observer can affect the state of matter.

If Schrödinger’s cat is just a hypothetical thought experiment, another “horror” experiment can better illustrate the magic of quantum states.

This experiment is the double slit experiment, which is a simple experiment to demonstrate the wave nature and particle nature of microscopic objects such as photons or electrons.

Scientists use experimental equipment to continuously emit single electrons through an obstacle with two gaps. Finally, these electrons will land on the screen for observation. After repeating this process many times , the interference phenomenon is displayed on the observation screen, that is to say, the electron exhibits the nature of a wave in the process of motion, it can pass through two slits at the same time in the form of a wave, and “interfere with itself”.

Under the operation of an experimenter who suddenly had a thought, this simple experiment became the “most terrifying” experiment. He installed sensing devices that can observe electrons on both slits, so that he can know which slit the electrons have passed through.

Then something weird happened. When the induction device was installed and the double-slit experiment was performed again, the experimenter was surprised to find that the interference fringes that should have existed on the screen disappeared, and the electrons Only shows particle nature.

And when he removed the sensing device, the interference fringes of the electrons appeared again immediately, indicating that the electrons showed volatility!

In other words, when “someone observes” the electron, it exhibits particle nature. When “no one observes” the electron, it exhibits volatility.

When he published this “illogical” experimental result as a paper and published it in a journal, it aroused the doubts of many colleagues. How can the behavior of electrons be affected by the “observer”?

In order to overturn his experimental results, colleagues repeated his experimental process. To their surprise, the experimental results were exactly the same as the results obtained by the experimenter. time” will change the motion state.

“This is metaphysics!”, “This electron is unscientific!”

This kind of experimental result that cannot be explained by science has caused an uproar in the scientific community.

Subsequently, the scientists performed an upgraded version of the double-slit interference experiment, that is, the delayed double-slit interference experiment, and the result was still the same.

Unhappy, they did an upgraded version of the experiment, the quantum erasure test. This time the scientists used photons as experimental objects.

Regardless of electrons and photons, no matter what experimental methods the experimenters use. The microscopic particles in the experiment are like thinking and omniscient spirits. When there is no observer, they are wave functions, and when they know that someone is observing it, they immediately only show out particle.

This “horrific experiment” shocked the scientific community, and quantum scientists have proposed various explanations, the most famous of which are the Copenhagen interpretation and Richard Feynman’s path integral expression, which are derived from the actual experimental results. Precision and math paths try to explain this strange phenomenon. Unfortunately, in Li Mo’s view, their approach has already committed a taboo in physics, which is to speculate the cause from the results.

The same result may occur for different reasons.

The reason why Li Mo is interested in this experiment is that he has vaguely felt that there is a way out for quantum computers in this experiment.

The difficulty of the current quantum computer lies in the quantum chip, and the difficulty of the quantum chip lies in how to maintain the core particle in a quantum state for a long time.

Most laboratories at home and abroad have adopted -273 degrees Celsius ultra-low temperature technology to prolong the time that the core particles are in the quantum state, but once the number of core particles exceeds 58, the duration of the quantum state will be exponential. decline. And expensive ultra-low temperature equipment also leads to quantum computers that can only exist in the laboratory.

Now the double-slit interference provides a new idea for Li Mo.

If a pair of particles in a quantum entanglement state is selected, one particle is the core particle of the quantum chip and is installed in the computer chip, and the other particle is placed in the magnetic field of the “observer” effect.

The core particle in the magnetic field will always remain in the “quantum state” due to the “observer” effect. According to the theory of quantum entanglement, the core particle that is paired with it in the quantum computer computing chip will always remain in a “quantum state”.

In this way, a quantum chip suitable for use at normal temperature and pressure can be manufactured.

Since there is no need for a huge low-temperature cooling system, the volume of quantum chips is about the same as that of electronic chips, so there is even a probability that can be applied to mobile phone devices. After all, the chips on mobile phones are simplified by computer chips. come.

What we need to do now is to find this “magic” particle.

Thinking of this, Li Mo picked up a pen and paper. As a mathematician, the first thing he has to do is to explain the existence of this particle with mathematics.

(End of this chapter)