I can extract side effects

""Proposal on the joint development of human stem cell clinical treatment by various laboratories"?"

"Hey, what a breath!"

"Have stem cells developed enough to differentiate into all the cells of the human body?"

Early in the morning, Chen Yiqing came to the office, poured a cup of tea slowly, and got ready for work.

As soon as I sat down and turned on the computer, I saw this new group email from the stem cell laboratory.

After clicking in and scanning briefly, his eyes immediately widened.

"What?"

"iPS pluripotent stem cells are directed to differentiate into neuronal cells, and when transplanted together with immune regulatory T cells, the survival and function of neuronal cells after transplantation will be greatly enhanced."

Seeing this passage, Chen Yiqing's heart was shocked instantly.

The low survival rate of nerve cell transplantation has always been a major obstacle in medical treatment.

Not only the transplantation of nerve cells into the brain, but even the transplantation of nerve cells into the spinal cord has a very low success rate.

Not only can the nerve cells fail to survive, but the penetrating trauma during the transplantation process can also induce host inflammatory responses, which is simply worse.

Even neural stem cells can't differentiate into neuron cells, so they will let themselves go after transplantation, and develop into various grotesque malignant sarcomas in the human body.

This reality has led to stagnation in stem cell therapy.

Even now, although the neural stem cells of the brain can regenerate under the stimulation of drugs, the neuron cells in the spinal cord do not have the corresponding drugs, and it is difficult to recover after damage.

If you want to try stem cell therapy, inject neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells into the spinal cord, the survival rate is still quite impressive.

It cannot be said that it is completely useless, it can only be said that it has little effect, which is better than nothing.

Anyway, it can't achieve the effect of turning the tide and completely curing it, so it hasn't been popularized clinically.

In this regard, scientists have put forward various assumptions to explain the massive death of nerve cells after transplantation, and have resorted to all means to save dying spinal cord nerve cells.

Unfortunately, little has been achieved, and limited survival after neuronal transplantation remains a key challenge.

In the email sent by Ding Mian, a research result was briefly mentioned.

That is, after the co-transplantation of regulatory T cells and neural stem cells, under the guidance of the expressed regulatory molecules, they can differentiate into neuron cells, repair damaged nerves, reduce inflammatory reactions, and integrate with the environment around the neural circuit One.

"Regulatory T cells are a common immune cell, and I never expected that they would have such an effect."

"Not only can it inhibit the death of neuron transplantation and adverse neuroinflammation, it can even prevent unnecessary peripheral immune cells from entering the wound site, greatly improving the survival rate!"

Chen Yiqing stood up suddenly, extremely excited.

"Now, ALS is cured!"

"Some other neurodegenerative diseases, even high paraplegia, have hope for recovery!"

Thinking of this, he immediately clicked the "Print" button.

In a burst of swiping noises, a document appeared on the printer.

Chen Yiqing grabbed the warm paper with him, didn't even have time to take a sip of the hot tea just poured on the table, and hurried out like a whirlwind.

He moved very quickly, and when he arrived at the stem cell laboratory, there was no one at the door.

The door was ajar, Chen Yiqing knocked lightly, and a young man's lazy voice came from inside.

"Come in!"

Pushing open the door and entering, Ding Mian was lying on the ergonomic chair reclined 160 degrees, with his legs raised high and placed on the desk, looking very uncomfortable.

Seeing Chen Yiqing, he felt a little embarrassed, coughed lightly, and put his legs down unhurriedly.

The body also slid quietly with the back of the chair, and slowly sat up straight.

"Director Chen, what do you need from me?" Ding Mian asked solemnly.

Chen Yiqing didn't pay attention to these details, strode to the desk, and slapped the paper in his hand on his desk.

At the same time, he looked directly at the other party and asked the question that had been lingering in his mind for a long time along the way.

"Ding Bo, can your method of co-transplanting neural stem cells and immune T cells to improve the survival rate of neural stem cells also work in the spinal cord?"

"Of course, what disease are you going to treat?"

When Ding Mian heard this, he realized that the other party came in response to his email, and immediately became excited.

"ALS! I've been suffering from ALS for a long time, but I haven't found a good cure."

Chen Yiqing said the answer without thinking.

"That's great, we can study the treatment together, this is definitely the first shot of stem cell therapy!"

Ding Mian clapped his hands and cheered loudly.

He instantly became even more impatient than Chen Yiqing: "Director Chen, why don't you go to my laboratory now."

"Go, go together!"

Chen Yiqing grabbed his arm, and the two changed into lab coats at the speed of light, and entered the cell culture room.

"In fact, I have always attached great importance to the differentiation of neural stem cells."

"You also know that the generation and differentiation of pluripotent stem cells is very dependent on the precise transmission of various signals between cells."

"As stem cells begin to specialize and develop into various finer organ cells, different molecular signals are transmitted between cells so that cells can cooperate with their neighbors to perform various tasks."

"Such a fine-tuning process is the embryonic development process of all animals."

"If you want to build a human body, even if you only want to build an organ, the DNA of the cells alone is useless, and the cells need to be in a group tissue."

"In terms of genes, there is actually no difference between an E. coli cell and a human cell."

"My original idea was to grow human organs in vitro."

"For this reason, I have done research in several aspects, from easy to difficult, and gradually deepened."

"In the beginning, in vitro organoids were developed, such as mini kidneys and mini brains."

"But they are not perfect. They have a shape but no spirit. They cannot form the structure of real human organs, nor do they have their functions."

"A big reason is that they develop in isolation, lacking the necessary guiding signals from surrounding tissues."

"Communication, communication, communication between people is very important, it is the cornerstone of the existence of human society."

"Cells, like people, are social life in groups. Only in cell groups and organizations can they find their own position and give full play to their strengths."

"The more I researched, the more I discovered that the cells are actually anthropomorphic, literally anthropomorphic. You say it's miraculous, haha."

"This is my biggest insight in stem cell research."

"Hehe, I'm sorry, the topic is a bit off topic."

Ding Mian handed the cell slice to Chen Yiqing, and looked at the other's eyes, as if growing on the lens of a microscope, motionless.

I can only explain my research and development process endlessly, and let myself go more and more.

"Come back to business, at first I wanted to culture pluripotent stem cells in vitro, just like raising a son, to raise an organ."

"Of course I don't have a son, so I don't really understand, anyway, it doesn't matter."

"Unfortunately, I failed and only grew mini organs called organoids."

"Even if tissue engineering is used to construct structures similar to human organs and make organoids larger, it will not be successful at all."

"Although they look similar in appearance, have the same tissue structure, and the same cellular makeup, they just don't work properly."

"Later, I figured out that organ transplantation is not as simple as replacing old organs in the body with new ones cultured outside the body. The new organs must be integrated into the surrounding environment in order to function normally."

"For the heart to beat properly, the electrical activity of all the cardiomyocytes in the heart must be synchronized."

"If the electrical activity of heart muscle cells in one area is out of sync with that of cells in other areas, the rhythm of the heartbeat can be disrupted, leading to arrhythmias and eventually heart failure."

"This is really too complicated. After I transplant the hardware, I have to do software debugging? Synchronize the signals of both parties?"

"There are too many cells in an organ, and it's far more troublesome than a lot of software code."

"So, later I tried to differentiate iPS stem cells into different cells, transplanted into the body, and repaired to a certain extent."

"It's the same as a tinkerer, except that I am doing finer repairs at the level of organ tissue."

"The first thing I tried was cardiomyocytes, which unfortunately failed again fucking."

"But I soon learned why the transplant failed."

"The main reason is that the cardiomyocytes cultured in vitro cannot communicate with the myocardial tissue in the body after transplantation, so they cannot beat synchronously."

"Nerve cells and other tissues cultured in vitro also have the same problem. Just like a deaf person, they cannot communicate with the original cells and establish connections with each other."

"So when I differentiated nerve cells later, I had an idea and tried to add some common cells in the human body and cultivate them together."

"Immune cells were the first option that came to my mind, because after the neuron cells are damaged, they are prone to inflammation due to the immune response and then form scars, so I tried it right away."

"Facts have proved that neuron cells cultured in vitro can be induced to develop into corresponding types of cells after adding different immune cells, and establish proper connections with other cells."

"I did different permutations and finally found a big role for regulatory T cells."

"The neuron cells that were co-differentiated and cultivated with T cells can send and receive nerve signals to each other normally."

"However, in vitro culture is only effective for a small range of nerve cells. When more cells are cultured, especially when they are as large as a whole organ, it is still impossible to establish complex intercellular connections."

"So, I put neural stem cells and regulatory T cells together and injected them into the brains of mice, as well as the site of viral injury in the spinal cord."

"Sure enough, the neural stem cells successfully differentiated into neurons in the mice, filled the breaks and scars on the spinal cord nerves, and treated the nerve damage in the mice."

"Just like repairing bridges and paving roads, the damaged and broken road surfaces are filled with new materials."

"It can be seen that the stem cell reprogramming process is more efficient and convenient in vivo."

"As long as the corresponding inducing factors are found, new neurons can be induced in vivo, establish correct connections with existing neural networks, and communicate effectively."

Chen Yiqing stared blankly at the purple-red dyed nerve cells under the camera, unable to speak out for a long time under the surging heart.

Ding Mian's long speech, he listened to part of it, but it also caused more doubts.

Finally, he raised his head and stared at each other blankly.

"What did you just say?"

"Find a suitable inducing molecule?" Ding Mian was stunned for a moment, and asked back with some uncertainty.

"No," Chen Yiqing shook his head, "Go a little further."

"Repair bridges and pave roads? Use new materials to fill the damaged and broken routes?" Ding Mian's expression became a little strange.

"No, go a little further." Chen Yiqing still shook his head.

Ding Mian pursed his lips tightly, feeling a little angry in his heart, but looked at the other party's age, and said helplessly: "The nerve damage of the mouse was cured?"

"Yes, that's it." Chen Yiqing asked eagerly with a flash of light in his eyes.

"Where are the mice you experimented with?"

"Isn't it all in your hands?" Ding Mian pointed to a pile of sliced ​​tissues in front of Chen Yiqing, and said casually.

"No way, you sliced ​​up all the mice?" Chen Yiqing was stunned, showing an incredulous expression.

Ding Mian spread his hands, very speechless.

"What else? It's just a mouse. If I don't slice it up, will I keep it for the rest of my life?"

"I'm not specifically studying neural stem cells. I have to study mice transplanted with other stem cells."

"Uh, that makes sense." Chen Yiqing sighed, and could only settle for the next best thing.

"How about you give me a copy of the detailed experimental data, and give me a prepared neural stem cell sample?"

"I went back and got some mice and did the experiment again."

Ding Mian nodded: "This is no problem, I will sort it out and send it to you later."

"As for the samples, I have to trouble you to come and get them tomorrow."

"Why do you have to come tomorrow?" Chen Yiqing immediately reacted: "No, don't tell me, you have to do it now."

"Ah, what else?"

Seeing Ding Mian's upright expression, Chen Yiqing was completely speechless.

Almost instantly, Ding Mian's half-lying in the office, with Erlang's legs raised, appeared in his mind.

He couldn't help but let out a growl in his heart: "Old Tang, just take care of your relatives' children, it's too f*cking not doing business properly."

"Such an important experiment does not keep samples, nor do redundant experimental backups."

"That's it, let our major laboratories do stem cell therapy with him."

"It's really outrageous!"

Ding Mian opened a pair of big innocent eyes, looking at Chen Yiqing who suddenly fell silent, his face was full of doubts and incomprehension.

Why did the other party stop talking? Is it because I didn't explain clearly enough?

I've tried my best to help you?

Can't the other party see it?

Hey, isn't Director Chen famous for his temper?

Why is it so different from the rumors! (end of this chapter)