Aztec Eternals

After pondering for a long time, Shilot finally understood: he confused the Eastern crossbow with the European crossbow.

However, in the history of the East and the West, the designs of the two are so different that they cannot even be called "crossbows" at the same time. They have also moved to different battlefield positions.

The Oriental Crossbow is an enhanced upgrade of the long-distance war bow. It has a large bow body, a large pulling force, and a large pulling distance. It uses a slender arrow similar to an arrow, and has a special aiming structure. The range and power are all enlarged versions of the bow. Many crossbows in the Han and Tang Dynasties can even be used as war bows after removing their arms.

From a tactical point of view, from the Daqin army's unification of the six countries to the Han Dynasty's crossbow formation in the northern expedition of the Xiongnu, the eastern crossbow is a highly offensive long-distance weapon, which is widely used in military formations in vast terrain. In the Song Dynasty, the heavy crossbow developed to its peak and became the only weapon to restrain the heavy armored cavalry in the field.

"Well, for example, the divine arm crossbow, which is sure to exist but whose craftsmanship is lost." The boy shook his head slightly with yearning in his heart.

The European crossbow is a crossbow that focuses on close-up armor-piercing, a shorter bow body, the same large pulling force, a short pulling distance, and the use of thick, short and heavy arrows. The aiming structure is not yet popular in this era, and the effective flat shooting range is only within 100 meters. In order to improve the pulling force, the European crossbow first used steel sheet to store energy. In order to pull the winding, a special mechanical winding structure was invented. It also has a different trigger than the Eastern Crossbow.

From the perspective of tactical application, the European crossbow is widely used in the defense battle with the castle as the core. It has a smaller bow body and a shortened pull distance. The reduced shooting power is exchanged for more troops in the unit distance, which is very suitable for the limited space of the castle.

In this era, heavy steel crossbows in Europe were wound with mechanical winches. The rate of fire was extremely slow, and the pulling force was as high as 2,000 to 4,000 pounds. There was no armor within 30 meters, and the impact force was enough to shock the knights in the plate armor. specialty.

Shirot shook his head again, the heavy steel crossbow was still too far away. At this time, the transmission efficiency of the steel sheet material is relatively low, and a lot of energy will be lost. Relatively speaking, the medium-sized wooden crossbow is more practical, and the transfer efficiency is much higher under the same pound.

Thinking of this, Shilot smiled at the master carpenter, his eyes bright.

Then, he beckoned to the samurai chief and made a writing gesture. Bertard nodded in agreement, took the wooden board and the newly made charcoal, and handed it over to His Royal Highness. The boy's knowledge of physics is still there, so he casually sits cross-legged on the ground and conducts quick derivations and drawings.

Seeing this scene, master carpenter Cushingi was stunned for a moment. He leaned over curiously, but saw that His Highness was writing some unknown and strange symbols, "m", "v", and "g". The horizontal pattern was like a priest's book from heaven. Then draw a rising and falling parabola and mark it with "h" and "D". Finally, there are various descending curves, marked with "F" and "L" at both ends, and use charcoal to paint the shadow area in the curve. These figures are like abstract deity eyes, looking at him with dark eyes.

Cushingki looked dull and blank. Surprise finally replaced seriousness and appeared on his old face. Afterwards, he looked at Bertard solemnly, pointed quietly to His Highness, and then pointed to the heart of the myth that stores the soul.

Bertard nodded earnestly, also pointed to his heart, and nodded again. He indicated that everything was normal, this was His Highness's daily operation, and it was "revelation" rather than "evil".

Of course, if it were an ordinary civilian who did not have such a lofty identity and status, and rashly invents and creates, showing characteristics that are different from ordinary people, the result is probably to be sent to the altar of sacrifice.

Sherlot focused his attention, ignoring the silent conversation beside him. He first calculated the potential energy of the bow body, the kinetic energy of the arrow, and the momentum of the arrow. Then estimated the farthest shooting distance at a forty-five-degree angle at different muzzle speeds. Finally, the kinetic energy of the arrow when the pull-down force is changed is evaluated.

After the calculation, the teenager has a deeper understanding of the Eastern and European crossbows.

The shooting of long-range weapons is the process of converting the potential energy of the bow into the kinetic energy of the arrow. Energy is the product of force and distance, and the kinetic energy of the arrow is determined by the pulling force and the pulling distance, which is the integral of the pulling force and the pulling distance during the release process.

The lethality of the arrow depends on the momentum, which is the deformation of the arrow after the collision with the target. When the lethality of the arrow increases at a constant speed, the demand for kinetic energy will increase squarely, causing the volume of the crossbow body to expand sharply, and eventually develop into a giant bed crossbow. Increasing the weight of the arrow and increasing the momentum under the same kinetic energy is the most common way to increase the lethality.

Among them, the pulling force is the so-called pounds. The type of bow and crossbow determines the effect of the change in pull. The tension between the bow body and the crossbow body, usually at different speeds, gradually decays as the draw distance decreases when the bowstring is released.

The Mexica longbow currently used by the Alliance is a straight-pull bow, which has a relatively large pull force attenuation and is the simplest in craftsmanship. The advanced recurve bow can store a large amount of elastic potential energy in advance, the tension curve is smoother, and the transmitted kinetic energy is more.

Eastern recurve bows are also often compound bows, with rigid tips at both ends to balance the tension curve. The ultimate in the bow tip is the Ming bow and the Qing bow, with a large recurve, a large draw distance, and a large pulling force. It pursues the ultimate energy transfer, does not hesitate to generate the vibration of the bow body, sacrifices long-distance stability, and pursues the one-shot kill of close-range armor breaking.

What is even more unbelievable is that the pulling force curve of the modern pulley bow is almost a horizontal line with constant pulling force, and the energy storage under the same pulling force and pulling distance is fully twice that of the straight-pulling bow.

Thinking of this, Shulot nodded slightly and shook his head. When there are a lot of horns and tendons, the production of compound crossbows can be considered. The pulley crossbow is far away and not practical. By the time technology developed to efficient steelmaking and fine machinery, it was already the age of gunpowder weapons.

The pull distance is the distance that the pulling force acts, and it is another important factor that determines the kinetic energy of the arrow, but it is often overlooked. Due to the rapid decay of the pulling force when the bow is cast, the increase of the pulling distance can effectively increase the integral area of ​​force and distance, and the increase of kinetic energy will exceed linearity. In other words, a long draw distance will greatly improve the arrow's function.

The teenager recalled the image in his memory and meditated silently.

Take the clear bow in the photo as an example. The bowstring drawn by the archer can reach the shoulder on the other side, and the draw distance is the width of the entire arm and the body. According to the theory that the wingspan is the same as the height, the draw distance of the Qing bow can even reach more than one meter. The kinetic energy brought by this pull distance is terrifying, coupled with the momentum kill after heavy arrows, it can break through heavy armor within 100 meters.

And the draw distance of the bow is between 90 cm and 1 meter, which is used to compensate for the bamboo body with low energy storage, which can also achieve good results. The English longbowmen in the oil painting can only pull up to the cheeks, which is similar to the shooting of the Tang Dynasty longbow warriors in the frescoes, and the pulling distance is about 80 cm. This is also commonly referred to as the ear-listening sound. The Turkish bow is also at this level of draw, but uses a high-strength composite bow to reduce the length of the bow while maintaining the tension.

Further down, there are only American hunting bows with a small draw distance and a small cavalry bow with a draw distance of 70 cm. These bows are usually hunting-oriented and have very limited damage to armored warriors.

Shulot recalled the captured Tlaxcala bow. Its draw distance was also within this range, so its power was low. As for the shorter and weaker primitive bow, it is the weapon of the tribal hunter, and the threat to the mexican leather armor is negligible, unless it is a sharpshooter who can hit the eye within tens of meters.

Corresponding to the bow, it is the draw distance of the crossbow, which can be judged by the distance between the string position of the crossbow machine and the crossbow body.

In the frescoes of the Han Dynasty, the arm tension crossbow is wound with one hand, which can reach most of the arm, and the pulling distance is about 40-50 cm. The winding crossbow is stepped on with both feet, and the arms exert force, stretching to the end of the thigh. The teenager estimates that the pull distance is at least 70-80 cm. As for the waist crossbow with the strongest pulling force, the crossbow body is unusually wide. It requires a strong crossbowman to sit on the ground, use all his strength, and wind the string like a rowing machine until it is pulled over the knee, and the pull distance should also be 40-60 cm.

Thulot went on to think of war scenes in European oil paintings. He was impressed with the crossbowmen among them.

These European crossbowmen are slender, but they often hold a crossbow that is only half-armed, and the draw distance should be within 30 cm. The European steel crossbow has a great pulling force and a very short pulling distance, so the kinetic energy that can be transmitted is actually limited. The 160-pound longbow and the 800-pound short-draw crossbow delivered very similar kinetic energy in testing. It's just that the steel crossbow's heavy arrow momentum is excellent, and it is excellent at breaking armor in a short distance.

All in all, the development of the oriental bow and crossbow has gone through three thousand years. The technology is more mature and the structure is more efficient. It is the absolute main force in the history of the Chinese War. The development of the Western crossbow was relatively short, and it was continuously suppressed by the church. It was only used as an auxiliary for defense and armor breaking in war.

In fact, the large-scale bow and crossbow warriors were also the weapons of the past dynasties in the face of heavy armored cavalry. From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Tang and Song Dynasties, the development was far more advanced and mature than that of Europe in the same period, and the range and power were stronger.

After pondering for a moment, Shilot decided to take the development route of the Eastern Crossbow. According to the pictures in his impression and the current level of craftsmanship, he decided to copy the specifications of the Han crossbow and establish a three-level crossbow warrior system of the arm-stretched crossbow, the knee-stretched crossbow and the waist-stretched crossbow.

The boy turned the wooden board full of formulas and curves over, and then used a black charcoal pen to carefully draw the rough shapes of the three types of crossbows on the back, and the movements of the warriors to wind the strings.

Xiulott scribbled and corrected, and it took a while to finish the painting, and he sighed contentedly.

Then, the boy raised his head slightly and looked at the distant sky in the west. He crossed the ocean and thousands of years, recalled the vast and vast Han-Hungarian all-out war, and the subsequent decisive Han-Hungarian battle, with a complicated and emotional smile. These detailed memories all come from here, but I just didn't expect them to be used here.

The crowd waited for a long time before His Highness finally stood up. He put down the wooden board full of strange pictures and symbols, picked up a simple wooden crossbow, and smiled confidently again.

"Kuchingki, come here."

Shilot waved to the master carpenter not far away, and then pointed to the picture on the wooden board. The master carpenter looked at him vigilantly for a moment and determined that His Royal Highness had returned to normal. Then he came closer and looked at the mysterious wooden board.

"The problem with shooting stability is that I forgot at the beginning. You shouldn't use stubby arrows, they should be similar to feather arrows, just shorter and better for flight. Then, the position of the crossbow arm recess is slightly tightened, and the arrow The feather is slightly clamped. In this way, although the arrow will be slightly blocked when sliding, the trajectory after shooting is more stable."

Cushing Kee thought for a moment, then nodded. The long arrow is easy to fly, and the friction force is increased to fix the track. Although he can't say the root cause of these truths in life, he still has practical experience and experience.

Then, Shilot talked about the very important sighting tool in the Han crossbow, Wangshan.

"An erected strip should be installed on the crossbow machine, and the side should be used to assist aiming and determine the accuracy of the shooting target. At the same time, five large scales should be drawn on it, and each scale is divided into two and a half degrees to determine the aiming position. , to clarify the specific shooting angle."

At this point, Cushingki pondered for a while. He looked at the figure drawn by His Royal Highness, found a piece of wood, and carved equal angles. Then, he put the wooden stick in front of the crossbow and gestured for a moment, and finally realized it.

"Your Highness's idea is good!" The carpenter's admiration was just a short sentence. Immediately, he continued to ask new questions.

"Speaking of this crossbow machine, it can hook the bowstring and wait for the opportunity to launch, the idea is really good!

However, this small part bears a huge force, but after shooting dozens of arrows, it begins to deform, especially the part where the bottom pin and the crossbow are combined. It's easy to damage here, I've already patched it once. How can such a fragile weapon last on the battlefield? "

With that said, Cushingki pointed to the lower end of the crossbow machine. The position fixed by the crossbow arm had obvious wear and deformation. This was just a light wooden crossbow.

Shilot was silent. He thought of the crossbow machine unearthed in the Han Dynasty. On the one hand, it was made of bronze, and on the other hand, it seemed to have a special box. The teenager thought about the principle, analyzed it and gave detailed suggestions.

"The crossbow machine can be made of tough and wear-resistant sandalwood or iron wood, as well as sturdy antlers. After the bronze is abundant, I will give you a batch to make a durable bronze crossbow machine.

At the same time, install a wooden box on the outside of the crossbow machine, let the pin pass through the wooden box first, and then snap into the hole on the crossbow arm. This kind of outer box can fix the pin to prevent the shaking when shooting and affect the accuracy. The force between the crossbow arm and the bolt is distributed to the outer box and the bolt, which is more durable. By the way, the pins are small and can be replaced with copper pins. In the future, the wooden box will also be replaced by a copper box. "

Shilote added thoughtfully.

The invention of the outer box is a huge improvement for the Han crossbow. First stabilized the crossbow machine, fixed at three points, and increased the accuracy. Secondly, the force of a single point is distributed to multiple points, so that the pulling force of the crossbow can be doubled, and the service life is greatly improved. Since then, the strong crossbow has been popularized and has become the standard of the Han army.

Hearing His Highness's suggestion, the master carpenter thought for a while, then gestured around the crossbow machine again, and then nodded slowly.

"Makes sense, this should last a long time! I'll make one today and try it out. But how do we make the range and power of the crossbow surpass that of the longbow?"

Hearing this, Shilot smiled knowingly, and Cushingi was thinking about surpassing Cuod. The young man nodded and pointed to the crossbow body with his finger.

"The power of the crossbow comes from the pull of the crossbow body and the length of the string. Winding and firing have been divided into two separate parts by the crossbow machine. Therefore, there is no need for a continuous power supply when winding, and an explosive full body can be used. Strength. In other words, you can thicken, thicken, or even lengthen the body of the crossbow to multiply the shooting power!"

Xiuluo paused for a while, and when he saw that the master carpenter showed a sudden realization, he spoke again, without giving him a chance to ask questions.

"Look, Cushingki, here are three different types of crossbows I designed.

The first is a crossbow that is wound with the arm, that is, the arm-stretched crossbow. You should have heard that I came up with a new unit of tension when I made the longbow, the pound. You need to refer to this picture to make the real thing, which is roughly the enhancement of today's wooden crossbow.

The pulling force of the arm crossbow needs to reach 150 to 200 pounds. The pulling distance of the crossbow machine is about half the arm length. The maximum projectile distance is 300 meters. to the leather warrior. In general, the arm crossbow should be slightly more powerful than the longbow. Each shot is about as long as four arrows from the longbow. "

Seeing the surprised look in the master carpenter's eyes, Shiloh laughed lightly, this was just the beginning.

"Then there is the foot-wound crossbow, the crossbow. The crossbow body needs to be further thickened, the pulling force needs to be 280 to 400 pounds, the maximum projectile of the semi-oblique should be 400 meters, and the flat shot should be 222 Ten meters. Such a slight elevation shot can completely break the leather armor at a distance of 250 meters.

This crossbow will become the main long-range weapon, and I will form a large-scale crossbow warrior. You have to plan for mass manufacturing and simplify every step. It is best to have a uniform size to facilitate the control of the angle during collective shooting.

In addition, when this crossbow is wound, it is necessary to step on the bow with both feet, and use the strength of the upper waist and legs to pull the string to the end of the thigh. Its pull distance is half longer than that of the armband crossbow. At the same time, you need to wrap two layers of silk twine in the middle of the crossbow body as a buffer to prevent the crossbow body from being damaged by stepping on the string. There should also be an auxiliary winder, probably like this..."

While explaining in detail, Shilot added marks on the drawing on the wooden board to remind Cushingki of the details that need to be paid attention to. Different from the Warring States Period, the crossbow of the Han Dynasty was not equipped with an ankle ring. The archer directly stepped on the bow arm to wind the string, and he could use his feet to exert more strength.

"The last type is a crossbow that is wound on the waist and legs, that is, the waist crossbow. In addition to the thickening, its crossbow body can be further lengthened and can exceed the longbow. The pull force of this heavy crossbow is between 500 and 700 pounds. , the pull distance is similar to the arm crossbow, it is estimated that it is slightly more than half a meter. Its projectile range is more than 400 meters, usually 500 meters.

When this type of crossbow is wound, it needs to sit on the ground and use all the strength of the whole body like rowing a boat. When shooting, you should use your shoulders to hold it, because the back force is very strong to prevent violent shaking. Its killing is mainly based on projectiles. It rises to a very high place and then falls diagonally, which can nail the enemy at the landing point to the ground. Only very strong warriors can use it, so it won't make too much, just for morale hits and formation disturbances at super long distances. "

The young man secretly imagined that a stone in the Han Dynasty was a little more than 30 kilograms, nearly 70 pounds. Seven to ten stone is a powerful waist crossbow. The highest ten-stone 700-pound heavy wooden crossbow, also known as the rhubarb crossbow, has a range of more than 500 meters. This is the limit used by individual soldiers, and only belongs to absolute warriors.

The large yellow crossbow will also deliberately lengthen the pull distance, which is specially used for sniping the enemy commander. During the northern expedition, the Han army sniped at the leaders of the Xiongnu more than once, so there should be some way to increase the accuracy of long-distance shooting.

Sherlot thought hard for a while, then sighed longingly. Due to the advantage of two to three times the pull distance, the kinetic energy transfer of a 500-700 pound waist crossbow will be approximately equal to that of a 2000-3000 pound steel crossbow, which can pose a fatal threat to heavily armored targets.

In fact, a thousand crossbow warriors can completely restrain hundreds of European heavy armored cavalry. Under the intensive long-range shooting, the cavalry will be continuously hit, losing their horses and lives. And a close-up shot within 100 meters is enough to kill the plate knight. Although the crossbow bolts may not penetrate high-quality polished plate armor, the kinetic energy of the continuous impact is enough to fracture the knight's body and completely lose the ability to fight.

For the Mexicans, these three types of crossbows are all within the scope of production allowed by technology. It just depends on how much it costs, how much copper mine needs to be consumed, and whether it can be popularized on a large scale.

As for a more powerful crossbow, it was recorded as 20-30 stone in the Song Dynasty. The length of the crossbow arm should be more than two meters, and the pulling distance is actually 1-3 meters. Even the crossbow machine is 30-40 cm long. The arrow is like a two-meter javelin, and the shooting distance is 1-2 miles. This kind of weapon already belongs to the equipment for ultra-distance siege strike, which is completely beyond the current technical capabilities.

Shirot closed his eyes and opened them again. He took back his thoughts and returned from the long river of history. He no longer thought about it, he just missed the old dream like water, and imagined the colorful fallen flowers.

Then, the boy looked at the master carpenter. Cushingki has completely indulged in the great power of the waist crossbow. He looked at the picture on the wooden board, and his hands kept gesturing. After a while, he came back to his senses and looked at His Highness dissatisfied.

"His Royal Highness, what is the specific arm length of this waist crossbow? Can the crossbow machine really withstand such a great force?"

Shirot was stunned again. After thinking for a while, he made sure that the ink in his belly was clean, so he ordered vaguely.

"It is definitely possible. As for the specific shape, it is nothing more than lengthening, thickening, strengthening, and using better materials. I have pointed you out the most difficult direction, and the rest is up to you to explore. You are the most difficult. Excellent master carpenter, you must believe in your own abilities! By the way, give priority to trial-producing the crossbow. After the New Year's sacrifice, I will come to check ~www.readwn.com~ This coronation war after the autumn harvest, if there are hundreds of crossbows Zhang Nu, it will never be safe again! Cushingki, the great cause of the Alliance depends on you!"

Finally, leaving a word of encouragement, the young man stood on tiptoe, patted the master carpenter on the shoulder with a smile, then turned majestically and walked away before the other party continued to ask questions. Bertard looked calm and followed silently.

Next, Shulot will check the enhanced military equipment, cloth armor and rattan armor. There are also improved folk techniques, including woodblock printing, paper improvement, charcoal firing, glass manufacturing, brick kiln construction... This is the eve of the rapid development of science and technology, and it is the history that he single-handedly promoted!

Behind him, Cushingki raised his head again at some point, staring faintly at His Highness who was far away. After a long time, the master carpenter looked up to the sky, the sun **** ascended to the highest throne, and his light was shining on the world.

"Is there really a divine revelation in this world? Is the distant sun **** really paying attention to the world?"

After thinking for a moment, Cushingki lowered his head in silence again. With his full attention, he started the trial production of the crossbow. The breeze blows in the courtyard, bringing the fragrance of wood. Soon, the history of the past will be repeated again!