Scene language skills that college students must know

Chapter 29 Scene 29 - Speech Contest Subject
Chapter 29 Scene 29 - Speech Contest Subject
The main part is the center of the speech, where the main ideas will be discussed, and the main arguments and materials will be laid out in this part
, The quality of the main part is directly related to the success of the speech.To get your speech moving, always hold on to the

To understand the hearts of the audience, it is necessary to use various artistic means and methods.For example, in a speech titled "Devotion to Science,"
In order to enrich the main body and attract the audience, the speaker inserts a moving story: American zoologist Carl Schmidt

Te was bitten by a venomous snake in South America during observation. When he was dying, he decided to combine his dying feelings with

The signs were recorded and left as scientific data for future generations.According to records, after being bitten by a poisonous snake, his temperature rose sharply to 39 degrees Celsius
． 5 degrees, and then felt a sharp pain in the stomach, thirsty, tinnitus, eyelid pain when opening the eyes, 4 hours later, wounds, nostrils

And his mouth started to bleed, and he felt a sharp chill.At this time, with the strength of the last stabbing, with trembling hands, he struggled

Wrote: "I can't see the thermometer. It's very serious, blood is coming from the nose and mouth. The pain is gone. The weakness is gone.
force.I think, starting to congest the brain. "Five hours later, the old zoologist finally died of cerebral congestion. This

The story arouses the emotions of the audience at once, and provides specific and vivid factual arguments for praising the dedication of scientists.

The body of the speech is the main part of the speech, and it should focus on what you want to express.In order to make the audience feel true to the speech
If we are interested, we must work hard on the main body of the speech.Here are a few techniques for developing the main body of a speech. ?
([-]) Use parallelism to expand?

In order to express thoughts and feelings more effectively and strengthen the momentum of speech, words with the same or similar structure, consistent tone, and dense meaning are often used
All related three or more phrases and sentences are linked together to speak out.This rhetorical method is called parallelism. ?
Using the rhetorical method of parallelism can make the sentences neat and meaningful, enhance the rhythm and melody of the language;
Strong, the emotions are sublimated, fully express the speaker's thoughts and emotions, and form a strong expression effect. ?
For example, Mao Zedong used this method of parallelism in "Reform Our Learning":?
If this kind of style is used to discipline oneself, it will harm oneself; if it is used to teach others, it will harm others; if it is used to guide the revolution, it will harm the revolution.

In short, this anti-scientific, anti-Marxist-Leninist subjectivist method is the great enemy of the Communist Party and the working-class
The enemy is the enemy of the people, the enemy of the nation, and it is a manifestation of impure party spirit.
This passage uses two sets of parallel sentences, pointing out the dangers of dogmatism from multiple angles, with a clear rhythm and layer upon layer.
Progressive, very imposing. ?
When parallel sentences are used properly, they sound particularly powerful and touching, and can make people excited and invigorated.

Please see Napoleon's "Coup d'état" speech denouncing the Directory in the Senate Hall: ?

I created for you a splendid France, but what have you made of France?I for
you made peace

situation, and what I came back to see was war!I shipped millions of gold from Italy for you and I came back to find loot
Desperate laws and poverty!I won for you and I came back to see defeat!
This speech used contrastive parallelism to forcefully denounce the incompetence of the Directory, which sounded very weighty. ?
On December 1941, 12, the day after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, US President Roosevelt delivered a speech titled "The Remains" in Congress.

In the speech of "The Day of Ten Thousand Years", he said: ?

Yesterday, December 1941, 12 - a date that will live in infamy - the United States of America was attacked by the Imperial Japanese Air Force
A long-planned surprise attack...?
Yesterday's attack on the Hawaiian Islands caused serious damage to United States naval and army forces. ...?
Yesterday, the Japanese government launched an attack on Malaysia. ?
Last night, Japanese troops attacked Hong Kong. ?
Last night, Japanese troops attacked Guam. ?
Last night, Japanese troops attacked the Philippine Islands. ?
Last night, the Japanese attacked Wake Island. ?
This morning, the Japanese attacked Midway.
A series of parallel sentences, accentuated the tone, aroused the audience's indignation towards the Japanese army, and greatly encouraged the audience to fight for justice.

Fighting spirit and confidence. ?
On December 12, Roosevelt published "America's Response to Japan's Provocation", which is a despicable and shameless act of Japanese fascism
A tirade to the nation again after lashing out, in which he compared Japan to Hitler and Mussolini
:?
What Japan has done in Asia for the past 10 years is similar to what Hitler and Mussolini did in Europe and Africa.However
Today, it's much more than a similar issue.It has become a well-planned actual collaboration of bandits,
And Axis strategists now see the continents and oceans of the world as one giant battlefield. ?
10 years ago, in 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria - without warning; ?

In 1935, Italy invaded Ethiopia - without warning; ?

In 1938, Hitler occupied Austria - without warning; ?

In 1939, Hitler invaded Czechoslovakia - without warning; ?

Also in 1939, Hitler invaded Norway, Denmark, Holland, Belgium and Luxembourg - without warning; ?

In 1940, Italy attacked France and then Greece—without warning; ?

And this year, 1941, the Axis powers attacked Yugoslavia and Greece and took control of the Balkans - without warning; ?

Or in 1941, Hitler invaded Russia - without warning;?

And today Japan attacked Malaysia and Thailand—and the United States—without warning. ?

All of these are exactly one pattern. ?
Roosevelt here, based on sufficient facts, successively listed nine cases in which fascists launched wars "without warning" in ten years.

The crime of aggression, angrily condemned the conspiracy of the fascist alliance, and exposed the gangster face and sinister intentions of Japan and other fascists
.Vigorous and powerful. ?
([-]) Use the method of setting questions or rhetorical questions to expand?

Set questions are different from general questions.General questioning is to ask questions that you are not clear or sure about, and hope that others will answer them.
Answer; or know the answer, put it on purpose, and ask others to answer.Asking questions is different, not "asking if you have doubts", but

It is a rhetorical method to remind, emphasize the content of the speech, highlight the point of view, attract the attention of the audience, and enhance the effect of language expression

. ?
Well-used questioning can enhance the argumentative and persuasive power of the speech; it can attract the attention and thinking of the audience, thereby deepening the dialogue.

The understanding and memory of the content of the speech; it can also make the speaker express a certain emotion, making the speech tortuous and implicit.especially in impromptu speeches

, Asking questions can avoid blunt narration and promote emotional exchange and communication between the speaker and the audience. ?
Asking questions can attract attention, make people think, and attract the audience.E.g:?
What is the Chinese revolution against?What is the object of the revolution?As you all know, one is imperialism and the other is imperialism.
One is feudalism.What is the object of the revolution now?One is Japanese imperialism, and the other is traitors.Must be revolutionary

To overthrow Japanese imperialism, the traitors must be overthrown.Who is going to make a revolution?What is the subject of the revolution?that is

Chinese people.The driving force of the revolution is the proletariat, the peasantry, and all other classes who are willing to fight against imperialism and feudalism.

They are all anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary forces.But among these many people, who is the fundamental force, who is the revolutionary?

What about the backbone of life?They are workers and peasants who account for 90.00% of the country's population.What is the nature of the Chinese revolution?we do now

What kind of revolution is this?What we are doing now is a bourgeois-democratic revolution, and everything we do does not exceed

The scope of the bourgeois-democratic revolution. ?

This passage uses eight interrogative sentences in succession, such as peeling off layers of bamboo shoots, to separate the object of the revolution, the subject of the revolution, the backbone of the revolution, and the nature of the revolution.

A series of important issues such as quality and quality were clearly explained, and the audience was guided to think, leaving a deep impression on the audience.This passage is like

There is no need to ask questions, but when it is changed to a general narrative sentence, it will lack passion, lack of appeal, lack of energy, and will not impress the audience.
Can't afford the sympathy of the audience. ?
Rhetorical question is different from set question, it is to express the meaning of certainty in the form of question in order to emphasize the correctness of one's point of view or conclusion

a way ofThere is no need for the speaker to answer, and the audience can naturally comprehend the answer from the question. ?
The role of rhetorical questions is mainly to increase the tone.Although rhetorical questions are interrogative sentences in form, their meanings are very clear and firm.
The tone is much more dignified than ordinary declarative sentences, and the emotion is much stronger.E.g:?
How can we despise the land under our feet, isn't she an integral part of 960 million square kilometers?How can we despise the Dabie Mountains
Poor, is she supposed to look like this?Don't the sons and daughters of the motherland only have reasons to escape, but not the task of building?

Could it be that a soldier of the new era, a young man of blood, can do such a "flying pigeon?"?

Rhetorical questions are a way of expressing strong emotions without requiring the audience to respond.Usually in passionate and emotional occasions
use. ?
In 388 BC, in the face of the city of Rome that was plundered by the Gauls and the uproar of calls for relocation, the ancient Roman commander Cami

Luce delivered the famous speech "Against Moving to Weiai" in the Senate, in which a large number of rhetorical questions were used, making the whole speech
Speaking of waves and waves, the momentum is extraordinary.Watch the speech below: ?
My fellow citizens!The dispute with the tribunes was so painful to me that all the time I lived in Aditya,
My only consolation in painful exile was that I had kept this conflict at a distance.As far as these conflicts are concerned, even if you
They summoned me back with a thousand decrees of the senate and a vote of the people, and I will never come back.Now that I'm back, it's not

It was not my change of mind on this matter, but your change of fortune that compelled me to return.The current problem is that I
It is not whether I want to remain in my country at any cost.Such as
If I were not fighting another battle for my country, even now I would be happy to keep silent and say nothing.just breath

It is a disgrace to others, and a great crime to Camillus, to fail to do his duty to his country.if when
Now that the motherland has been liberated, we abandoned her, so why should we win her back?Why should she be attacked by the enemy

How about freeing her from the hands of the enemy during the siege?When the Gauls were victorious and took all of Rome, the gods of Rome
And the people still hold on to the temple and the city, and still live there.And now when the Romans have won and taken Rome back
At this time, is it necessary to abandon the city and the temple?Shall our fortune do Rome more than our misfortune
Desolate?Even though there was no religious system established when the city of Rome was established and passed down from generation to generation, the will of God

It has been so clearly shown in this incident that, at least in my personal belief, all thoughts of ignoring sacred worship have been removed from
excluded from people's lives. ...?
It might be answered that we can either perform these duties at Viai, or send priests here to perform them.but,
If these ceremonies are to be completed in accordance with the etiquette, neither of these two methods can be done.Instead of enumerating every ritual and deity, I will simply
Ask: Where else can we lay out the couch of Jupiter at the festive feasts of the god Jupiter but in the temple?
?And why should I speak of the unquenchable fire of Vesta and the gods kept safe in her temples as guarantors of our nation's unity?
like?And you, God Mars!and you, Father Quilinus!And why talk about your Aegis?your wish is to
Abandon all these sacred things that lived as long as the city of Rome, and some were even older, on the polluted soil? ...

?

Camillus used rhetorical questions to advance the speech layer by layer, creating an extraordinary momentum.As a result, the Romans decided to rebuild

Homeland, Camillus is also revered as the "Father of Rebirth" of the city of Rome. ?
([-]) Use data to expand?

In some speeches, the speaker often commits the problem of abstraction and conceptualization, and only talks about abstract things that float over the audience's head.
sentence.However, in order to impress the audience and enable the audience to obtain a clear and clear image, it must be specific and detailed.Number of enumerations
It is a commonly used method to illustrate.The following speech does this very well: ?
With a population of nearly 200 million, Philadelphia is the size of Milwaukee and Boston, or Paris and Berlin combined.

And in our city's 130 square miles of land, we have provided nearly 800 acres of the best land to build beautiful parks

Parks, squares and boulevards, so that our citizens have appropriate places for leisure and entertainment, as well as belonging to every ordinary American public
the normal environment of the people. ?
My friends, Philadelphia is not only a great, clean and beautiful city, but also a well-known "world factory".And where
It is called "the world's largest factory" because we have 40 people working hard in 9200 factories and enterprises, and in every factory

$10 worth of products are produced every 10 minutes a day.According to a famous statistician, in the United States, there is no

There is a city that produces as much woodwork, leatherwork, knitwear, textiles, felt hats, hardware,

Tools, batteries, steel boats, and many other items.We produce a locomotive every two hours, day or night
front.Across the United States, more than half the population rides a Philadelphia-made trolley every day.We produce 1000 cigars per minute

.And, in the last year, our 115 hosiery factories have produced two pairs of socks for every man, woman and child in our country.
sock.We produce more rugs than England and Ireland combined.Moreover, our commercial

The payment amount is also very large.The total transaction value of our bank last year actually reached 370 billion US dollars.can pay the United States
All war bonds issued by the United States during World War I. ?
But, friends: as much as we are proud of the size of Philadelphia's industry, as much as we are
We are proud of being the largest medical, artistic and educational center, but we are even more proud of the number of private residences in Philadelphia,

Far more than any metropolis in the world.We have 39 private homes in Philadelphia alone.if these
The homes are placed on 25-foot-wide lots, one next to the other in a single row that can go all the way from Philadelphia to I

The conference hall in Kansas City where we are now, and then continue to Denver, a total length of 1881 miles. ?
Here the speaker extols Philadelphia as the largest and most beautiful city in the world, but he avoids the cliché, saying

The size of the city, he said: "Philadelphia is equal in size to Milwaukee and Boston, or Paris and Berlin combined."
The law is very specific, very clear, and has a shocking effect on the audience.This statement works well.Others such as: Philadelphia "regardless of the day

Or at night, a train locomotive is produced every two hours; more than half of the country's population rides the trams built in Philadelphia every day
. "Producing 1000 cigars per minute... producing two pairs of socks for every man, woman, and child in the country." "And so on have left a deep impression on people.

engraved impression. ?
([-]) Impress people with sincere feelings?
In the speech, if you want to make the speech truly accepted by the audience, you must be emotional.That is, with simple words, sincere
Emotions to touch the hearts of the listeners.For example, when the famous British general Montgomery bid farewell to his beloved Eighth Army

speech:?
(Deep tone) It is easy to speak impulsively on this occasion, but I will try my best to restrain myself. If I can't continue, please
Forgive (choke in throat).It is really difficult for me to express my parting feelings to you properly... I feel that in this great team
In the military, I have many friends.I don't know if you'll miss me but words can't express how much I miss you

... ?

In this farewell speech, there are no gorgeous words, no poetic recital-like passion.But it really makes every listener deeply

To be moved is to move people with emotion.How can we be emotionally moving?An ancient Roman poet said it well: "There is only one way
To move people's hearts is to show them that you yourself are moved first. "The speaker showed a most genuine
, The strongest, simple feelings from the heart, can arouse the emotional resonance of the audience.Napoleon was exiled for the first time in
Fontainebleau's farewell speech "I want to embrace the eagle flag" delivered to the guard was sincere and touched every soldier in the guard.
Bing:?
Comrades, you must cherish yourself.We've been together for 20 years and you've made me want nothing more
.I often find you all on your way to glory.It is because of you that the powers of all Europe must unite to deal with it
Got us. ?
Some of my generals have been unfaithful to their duties as well as to France.France itself had other things to do.I can really

Another coup d'état with you and the brave people loyal to me, but the French Congress will not approve.Therefore, please

You are loyal to your new king, obey your new commander, and don't abandon our lovely country. ?
Do not complain about my fate, if I know that you are happy, I will be happy too.I may be given death, but,

If I survive, I will gladly contribute to your glory.I'm going to write about all the great things we've achieved. ?
I can't hug you all, but I can hug your generals.come on!Little general, I will hug you tightly!give me eagle

flag, I want to embrace it too!what!Dear Hawkflag, I hope my kisses will be echoed in your nearest descendants

!Goodbye, children, I will always bless you!Don't forget me too! ?
Lincoln also often used sincere feelings to move people in his speeches. ?
Early 19s.One day a faltering old widow, a veteran of the American Revolutionary War, came to Lincoln's law firm.

The widow of a soldier who died during the war, she wept to Lincoln that the 400 yuan pension she should have received was paid by the
The pension officials extorted 200 yuan as a handling fee.When Lincoln heard this, he was furious, and immediately sued the official in court.
.He said this in court: ?
Time moves forward, and the hero of 1776, has passed away, and is now placed in another world; although the
The hero is buried, but his widow, aged and decrepit, blind and crippled, comes before us now, begging us

Avenge her!In the past, she was also a light and beautiful girl, but now she has nothing to rely on!She has no choice,

We have no choice but to ask for sympathetic help and humanitarian protection from us who are enjoying freedom from the bloody struggle of the revolutionary martyrs
.Now, what I want to ask is, should we aid her? ... ?

When Lincoln finished speaking, some people were moved to tears, and everyone agreed that the old woman's pension was indispensable.

of. ?
This speech is moving, not because of his harsh pronunciation, but because he has a sincere and enthusiastic heart.although
Although everyone says that they are only governed by their own reason, in fact everyone and the whole world are easily governed by their emotions.
transfer.If your words come from the bottom of your heart, whether it is about major political and economic issues or personal travel chatter,
As long as it reaches the point where it must be said, it will be as hot as fire.This is the secret of Lincoln's successful speech! ?
The great American statesman Bai Shouan once said that "the words that come from the bottom of the heart are full of sincerity", and a sincere speech can express oneself
The heart of oneself and the heart of the listener become one.A famous American female novelist said: "Enthusiasm is the secret of every artist."

An orator must have passion, any more than a hero must pass false weapons for real skill.Sincere and passionate speaker
, The power to influence the audience is so great, like an inflated balloon, no matter how big a mistake he makes in rhetoric, he will not fail.

([-]) Use a humorous way to expand?

In some speeches, in order to attract more audience's attention, you can use humorous, witty and meaningful expressions according to the needs of expressing the theme.
Use meaningful language to enliven the atmosphere and harmonize feelings, and generally get better results.The famous American writer Mark?twain
The "Baby" speech given at the Tennessee Regiment's Banquet in Chicago on November 1879, 11 exemplifies this style:
?
As all military people know, when this little guy comes to your home, you have to hand in your "resignation" and he's in full control
After taking charge of the whole family, you have become his servant and entourage, standing by and waiting for orders at any time.He is not the kind of
Commander who pays you for distance, weather, or whatever, but you have to carry out his orders under all circumstances, and

And in his tactical manual, there is only one way to march, which is running.He treats you with all the crudest and rudest manners

, but not even the bravest among you would dare say a word of defiance.You can face the storm of death and fight back,

But when he grabs your beard, pulls your hair, twists your nose, you just have to suffer.When the thunder of war is in your ears
When it sounds, you step forward at a steady pace facing the shell; when he utters a startling cry, you turn around and rush towards him.

When he asks for some comforting candy, would you dare not serve it right away?Do not!You'll go get what he needs right away!If you want to
Drinking milk, do you dare to resist?No, you must have warmed up the milk immediately, and even sucked the warmed, tasteless milk

Water, to see if the temperature is right and the ingredients are right - 3 spoons of water, 1 spoon of powdered milk, a little sugar.i haven't tried it yet

What about this thing! ...?
Among the three and four million cradles in the world today, some are preserved by our country as sacred things from generation to generation, such as
If we knew which ones it was.For in these cradles the pillars of the future are now teething;

Man is looking at the Milky Way and blinking listlessly; the historian of the future lies there until this moment of his
Mission accomplished; another future president is too busy worrying about the boredom of his hair not growing out.about 6 others

One cradle contains the future magistrate, and another somewhere under the flag, in which lies the future famous beauty

Commander of the Army of the United States, with so little responsibility and honor on his shoulders at this time, he devoted his whole strategic heart to finding
The way he put his big toe in his mouth. ?

During the whole speech, the audience laughed knowingly from time to time, and when the audience was melted into the atmosphere woven by the speech
And the unstoppable laughter and thunderous laughter that appeared, so that at the end of the speech, the applause continued for a long time.in such a
In such a harmonious two-way communication of information and emotion, the speaker's genius humor activates the audience's

psycho-emotional, and the total investment of the audience with the psycho-emotional it activates, which in turn contributes to Mark?twain day of humor

Talented incisively and vividly.mark?The success of Twain's speech was promoted in such a two-way communication and exchange.
Chinese. ?
([-]) Use the climax to advance the speech?

Lincoln's Gettysburg Address, the audience applauded five times in less than three minutes.Chen Yi made an essay on the issue of intellectuals in Guangzhou in 3

In his long speech, the audience laughed out loud 62 times.The speech should be like this, resulting in as many climaxes as possible.orgasm first

Relying on thoughts, having thoughts, shining with the brilliance of truth, and even saying the most reasonable words, the audience will naturally be convinced.Second, make

Achieving an orgasm requires skills, such as foreshadowing and gaining momentum, setting off contrast, emphasizing and highlighting, setting up the net to undo the buckle, and drinking in the face, etc., all of which are fine.

Brewing and creating an orgasm.For example, Churchill said in "The First Speech after becoming Prime Minister":?

I hope you will forgive me if I do not address the House today at this critical moment.I still

Hopefully, any friends and colleagues affected by this government reshuffle, or former colleagues, will appreciate the lack of protocol
This kind of lack of etiquette is unavoidable so far. ... I want to say to the court
: "I have nothing to offer, only blood, toil, tears and sweat. ?

These are the words from the heart and firm determination of the Prime Minister, without any hypocrisy or boasting.The Times at the time

commented that Churchill's speech was the words of Garibaldi ("Hunger, thirst, forced march,

Fight and die") and echoes of what Clemenceau had said ("I am war"). Churchill added:
victory - at all costs

Win at all costs, win no matter how terrible; win no matter how long and hard the road

To win; for without victory there is no life.Everyone must realize that there is no British Empire without victory.

Now, without all that the British Empire stands for, without the generational force that keeps humanity moving toward its goals
desire and drive.But when I took on the burden, I was cheerful and hopeful.I am convinced that people

We will not allow our cause to fail.At this moment, I feel that I have the right to ask for everyone's support, and I want to say: come on

, let us work together and move forward together! ?

Churchill's speech was firm and clear, advanced layer by layer, and achieved good results. ?
Mr. Wen Yiduo also used this method very well in "The Last Lecture": ?
Are there any spies here today?You stand up!It's a hero who stands up!Come out and speak!Why do you want to kill Mr. Li?kill
It's shameless to slander people even if they don't dare to admit that they're dead
!Shameless!This is the shamelessness of a certain group, and it is the glory of Mr. Li!Mr. Li was assassinated in Kunming, Mr. Li left Kunming
The glory of Ming Dynasty is also the glory of Kunming people! ...?
After the news of the assassination of Mr. Li by the reactionaries came out, everyone heard it with grief, indignation and hatred.I thought to myself, these shameless things, I don't know

What do they think?What is their state of mind?How do their hearts grow? (thumps the table) It's actually very simple

, (lower and higher) They are so crazy to create terror, it is they who are panicking!I'm afraid!so they make
Horror, in fact, they themselves are terrified!Secret agents, think about it, you still have a few days, you are finished, almost finished!
Do you think that by injuring a few and killing a few, you will be fine, and you will be able to frighten the people?In fact, the majority of the people are
Endless, endless killing, if this is possible, there will be no one in the world.If you kill a Li Gongpu, there will be thousands of
Millions of Li Gongpu stand up!You will lose millions of people!You see that we have few people and no strength.tell you,
Our strength is great!A lot!Look at these people who came today, they are all our people, and they are all our strength!In addition
With the majority of citizens, we have this confidence: the power of the people will win, and the truth will always exist.no history
An anti-people force cannot be destroyed by the people!Didn't Hitler and Mussolini all fall before the people?open
Look at the history, you can still stand for a few days!You're done, you're almost done!Our light is about to emerge.Let's see, the light is here

Before us, and now, is the darkest hour before the dawn.We have the power to break through this darkness and fight for the light!
Our light is the doomsday of the reactionaries! ?

The words of this speech are full of blood, and the voice is full of anger, burning with passion like fire.This passion not only expresses deep condolences to comrades-in-arms, but also

There are skin-to-skin reprimands to the executioner, and even more a warm call for justice and truth.

The cannon is so imposing that it makes a "lion's roar", like wind and thunder piercing through the ears.The full text uses 9 question marks and 42 exclamation marks.layer by layer
Passion is pushed to the climax, making the speaker's grief, anger, and impassioned emotions come into full play, thus creating a sense of excitement in the hearts of the audience.
Strong resonance. ?
The above-mentioned ways of developing the main body should be used according to the specific situation of the speech.In short, the main body of the speech must be eloquent
,fascinating.What you say must be able to have an "electromagnetic induction" with the audience's psychology and emotions, so as to achieve the success of the speech
(End of this chapter)