Interpretation of Lao Tzu's Tao Te Ching

Chapter 9

[The best kindness is like water.Water is good for all things, and it does not fight. 】

Yan Kejun said: "No again", He Shang and Wang Bi said "No".

The case of modesty: Yulan 58 cited no "good", and "wan" was replaced by "wan". "Never contend", Dunhuang, Suizhou, Yuzhu, Louzheng, Sima Guang, Cao Daochong, Qiang Siqi, Li Rong, and Muromachimoto are all like this.The biography and template are "without contending", which is the same as Wang Ben.

Another example of the ancient Taoist saying is that water is often used as a metaphor for Tao.Guanzi Shuidi said: "Earth is the origin of all things and the foundation of all life. Water is the blood of the earth, like the flow of tendons." And "Water, why? The origin of all things , the clan of all living beings."Its theory can be corroborated with Lao Tzu.Huainanzi said: "Nothing in the world is softer or weaker than water, but it is immeasurably large, unfathomably deep, cultivated beyond infinity, far reduced to limitless, depleted and depleted, connected to nothing. The sky is rain and dew, and the earth is It is nourishing, all things must not be born, everything must be done, big things are born without selfishness, the luster reaches the gnats without asking for rewards, the wealth supports the world but does not end, and the virtues are given to the people without spending.” Xue Juncai said Huainan’s To tell the truth and promote the meaning of "benevolent and beneficial to all things", I believe it.

[Being evil in people's mouths, so it's more like Taoism. 】

The case of Qian: "人" has the word "Zhi" in each version, and the tablet version is 泐.Lu Deming said: "Chu, this book is for residence." Anhe and Wang's editions are "Chu", Fu and Fan's editions are "House", and the Dunhuang edition is the same as this stone.In the Muromachi version, there is a word "黑" under "Tao".

Datian Jingxuan said: "Ji", in a flat voice, close.The Xici upload said: "The universe may be almost dead." The Book of Rites and Music said: "Knowing music is more like rituals."

Note: "A few, close." Zhuangzi Yufu's article said: "A few are inevitable." Lu's Spring and Autumn Dale article said: "The few are better than knowing." Note: "A few, close." The Taoist has no form , and water still has form, so the benefit of water to all things and all living beings is visible, and it cannot be given as invisible as Tao, so it is said to be more than Tao.Modern interpreters interpret "ji" as the meaning of turning around, which is absurd.Huainan Yuan Dao Xun said: "He who has no form is the great ancestor of things; he who has no sound is the great ancestor of sound. His son is light, and his grandson is water. They are all born of formlessness!" Light is visible but cannot be grasped, and water can follow But it cannot be destroyed, so there are images and the like, and they are not respected in water, which is the footnote of this chapter "almost in Tao".

【Live in a good place, have a good heart, and be with good people,】

Yan Kejun said: "Good people", each book is "Shanren", and the ancient characters are familiar.

The case of modesty: Wang Xi's book is also called "human being".And Zhuangzi said in Yupian "Its residence is deep and quiet", Guo's note: "Quietness can be like a deep." And Yan Yan's poem "His heart is in the deep", the biography: "The deep is deep." Taixuan "leisure "Central Abyss", note: "Abyss, deep." "Abyss" has the meaning of being quiet and deep, "the heart is good at the abyss", which means that the abyss of his heart is quiet and unpredictable, so the so-called "a good businessman hides as deep as a void".

【Speak good faith, good government,】

Yan Kejun said: "Government is good", and the river is doing "righteousness".

Ji Yun said: "Government" is written in the Yongle Canon, which is commonly used in ancient times.

Bi Yuan said: The Yongle Encyclopedia is about "politics", and those who make "righteousness" are wrong.

The case of modesty: it is also true to be "political".The words "zheng" and "zheng" are used interchangeably in Laozi's book. Chapter 58 "Its politics are boring, its politics is inspected", and "policy" is used here. The word "governance" explains the name and the language: "governance, value, everything is worth what it is."

【Those who are good at what they do can do it at the right time.Husband only does not fight, so there is no preference. 】

The case of modesty: "You" originally had the word "韩".Heshang, Wang Bi, and Fan Yingyuan originally shared this stone.

[Phonetic Rhyme] The reading of Jiang's rhyme in this chapter: Yuan, Xin Yun (Zhenbu, Yuan, Yijunfan, Xin, flat tone).Zhi, Neng, You Yun (Zhibu, Neng, Nuqifan, Youyinyi).Yao Wentian: The rhymes of yuan, benevolence, and faith; the rhymes of governance, energy, time, and you.Same with Deng Tingzhen.Deng said: "'Neng', the ancient pronunciation is in the Department of Ha. 'You', the ancient pronunciation is like a joy, and the poem contains rhymes, thoughts, and words." Jiang Yougao said: "'Xin', interest Jin Qie. According to the ancient times, only the flat tone is read, and the Han people read it in the Qu tone, which should be included together with the true part. Laozi's Yixing chapter "goodness" and "faith" are in harmony with "Yuan" and "faith". The modest chapter "there is faith" and "truth" 'Xie." (Tang Yun's four voices are 21 vibrations)
The Youjinglong stele version has fifty characters, the Dunhuang version is the same as the He, Wang and model versions, and the Fu Yi version has 52 characters.He Shang inscribed "Eighth Chapter of Yi Xing", Wang Bi inscribed "Eight Chapters", and Fan Yingyuan inscribed "Shang Shan Ruo Shui Chapter Eighth".

(End of this chapter)