This is the most effective way to learn

Chapter 33 Whole and Part Combined Memory Method
When someone is learning a certain material, they read the learning material from beginning to end until they memorize it by heart. Psychologically, this learning method is called the overall memory method.Some people divide the learning materials into several parts, and memorize one part before memorizing the other part. This kind of learning method is called partial memory method.Overall memory and partial memory have their own strengths and weaknesses, and they play different roles in memorizing materials of different natures.So, which method is more suitable for us?
overall memory method

Generally speaking, when the materials to be memorized are few and simple, it is better to adopt the overall memory effect.

[Experimental support] A British psychologist has done such an experiment: scrambling [-] English letters into b e v d w g t k a i y h x n l r z p q m s o u c j f. Read the string of letters to the subjects consecutively until they memorize them.He divided these [-] letters into [-] groups: bevdwgt kaiyhxulrzpqmsoncjf, read them to other subjects in groups, etc. After they memorized the first group, they read the second group until they all memorized.

The results showed that using the overall memory method to memorize these [-] words took a shorter time than memorizing them in blocks, and the accuracy rate was relatively high.The reason is that when memorizing in blocks, it may be easier to memorize the [-] letters of each group, but in the end when reciting them coherently, many people get confused and can't connect with each other.When using the overall memory, because the [-] letters are grasped as a complete thing, the connection and connection between the letters will become natural.Therefore, when we encounter a small amount of relatively easy material, we can use the overall memory method to remember it in one go.

partial mnemonic

When the content to be memorized is too much and difficult, the overall memory method is not conducive to accurate and fast recitation. At this time, the partial memory method should be used, and the memory effect is better.Although the partial memory method is easier to remember, it often cannot handle the connecting parts of the material well, which is not conducive to grasping the material as a whole.It can be seen that they are not completely separated, but cooperate with each other and complement each other.These two methods are indispensable in the actual application.

Whole and Part Method

As the name implies, the combination of whole and part memory method is to first form a preliminary comprehensive understanding of memorization materials, use this as a clue to connect the contents of each part, and then memorize each part in turn.Using this method, we not only have a comprehensive grasp of the memory object as a whole, but also have "each breakthrough" in the components of the memory object. Cohesion together avoids the difficulty caused by too much memory content at the same time.

[Experimental support] The research shows that the subjects are divided into three groups, and the three memory methods of whole, part, and whole and part are respectively used to memorize the same material to achieve memorization. [-] minutes, [-] minutes for the overall memorization group, and [-] minutes for the comprehensive memorization group. [-] days later, when the recall examination was performed, the average number of reminders needed was [-] times in the partial memorization group, [-] times in the overall memorization group, and [-] times in the comprehensive memorization group.

The memory of English words is characterized by a large amount of memory and little connection with content.However, using the method of combining the whole and the part, in the text, in the paragraph, and in the sentence, remembering the words through the context can not only remember the spelling of the words, but also remember the usage of the words.Memorizing more words helps to better understand the context.In this way, learning English can play a more active role.Speaking with the mouth, seeing with the eyes, and thinking with the brain, all kinds of organs are mobilized, which can greatly improve the memory effect.

(1) The method of combining whole and part is suitable for difficult materials.

The combination of whole and part memory method is suitable for memorizing long or difficult memorization materials, such as a long article or an ancient prose that is difficult to remember.In reciting, there is often such a situation that a well-recited article is stuck on some words.Some of these words are associated words, some are new words, and some are key words.At this time, as long as someone prompts, we can quickly pick up.This shows that memorizing associated words, new words, and key words can enhance the effect of recitation.If we memorize the key words and sentences, connect them into a line, and recall and recite them with this line in mind, it will be easy to recite them.When reading the first and second times, find out the logical connection between each part of the material, and on this basis, determine a few key sentences and key words, and use them as clues to recall.Then, find out the connection between key sentences, key words and other content.When reciting, you can use key sentences and key words to integrate the fragment materials of each part.

(2) The combination of whole and part applies to athletes.

In practice, there are many places where the combination of the whole and the part is used comprehensively to remember.For example, chess players memorize the entire chess game, directors memorize stage scheduling, actors memorize large lines, gymnasts and diving athletes memorize a set of sports actions, etc.

Now, the whole and part comprehensive memory method is being used more and more in the training of athletes.For example, when some countries use the autosuggestion method to train weightlifters, they first explain the overall and coherent movements to the athletes, and demonstrate them. The athletes try to do it several times, and then teach the decomposed movements.For the shortcomings and deficiencies in the trial, use the self-suggestion method to correct: the athlete lies on the floor, closes his eyes, recalls the image of the entire movement, and checks the shortcomings of his movements.

[Experimental support] American coaches use this method to conduct basketball training experiments: Group A has [-] minutes of actual shooting training every day during [-] days; Group B has [-] minutes of depicting the overall image of shooting movements every day during these [-] days Training; During these [-] days, group C had [-] minutes of actual shooting training and [-] minutes of overall image training of shooting movements.As a result, the scoring ability of group A increased by [-]%, that of group B increased by [-]%, and that of group C increased by [-]%.

Before becoming a champion, Alucain, the American chess champion, locked himself in a house in the countryside, gave up smoking and drinking, and in addition to doing some physical activities every day, he carried out this kind of image training. The champion acts as an imaginary enemy and thinks over and over how to defeat them.

Yoshio Kimura, a famous Japanese chess player, said that good chess players don’t just take a step by step like a novice chess player, and only consider the part, but use the game record to capture the overall situation and describe the image.They can imagine the situation after dozens of rounds according to the opponent's moves, so they can memorize thousands of tricks and game records.

Method steps using the method of combining the whole and the parts
The first step is to read the memorization materials once or twice, do a "bird's-eye view" type of investigation, and roughly grasp the general idea or context of the entire material, as a clue to connect all the memorization materials together. The associative words in play this role even more.

The second step is to divide the memorization material into several parts with complete meaning, memorize part by part, and pay attention to the connection between each part and the two parts before and after.

The third step is to use the clues that have been mastered throughout the entire memorization material to connect the memorized parts to form a complete memory of the entire memorization material.It is very important to connect, and you must not apply it mechanically.Please remember: according to the nature, difficulty, and length of the material, only by using this method reasonably can better results be achieved.

For example, to recite an article, we first read the full text, then read two paragraphs, recite the first paragraph, then read the first three paragraphs, and recite the second paragraph. With a certain amount of attention, after memorizing each paragraph, recite the full text twice, this should be to maximize the strengths and avoid weaknesses, and find the best combination of the two.

Under the method of combining whole and part, whether it is logical ability or outstanding analytical ability, it will become a good helper for our memory.Work hard and develop our potential, memory will no longer be a problem!

(End of this chapter)