This is the most effective way to learn

Chapter 1 Why Do You Study——The Learning Outlook of Top Students (1)
They have lofty goals, they have a strong motivation to learn, they are diligent, they have a set of effective learning methods, they are down-to-earth, they are meticulous, they like to try, they are never self-satisfied, they are persistent, they They like to learn the strengths of others, they love learning, and they are immersed in the joy of learning.Who are they?They are those No.1 that make you envious!
Top students are more motivated to learn than you are.

A group of children kicked cans in front of an old man's house, making a lot of noise.It made the old man not have a good rest.

So, he came out and gave each child 20 cents, and said to them: Thank you for playing here and bringing me joy.

The children were so happy that the next day still came and continued to kick the cans.The old man came out again and gave each child 10 cents.He explained that he had no income, so he had to give less. 15 cents is not bad, the children still left happily.

On the third day, the old man only gave each child 5 cents.

The children became furious, "It's only 5 cents, do you know how hard we worked!" They dispersed quickly.

Later, those children never came again.

The story is asking: Who are you "playing" for?So what are you studying for, do you know?
Whether a person actively learns, why he learns, what he is willing to learn, and how well he learns are all directly related to his learning motivation.

Motivation is the first driving force for everyone to learn and make continuous progress.With a strong motivation, no matter what the learning conditions, you will be able to focus and learn every subject well.Motivation and learning are in a dialectical relationship. Learning can generate motivation, and motivation can promote learning. The two are interrelated.When you lack the motivation to learn, you will feel bored with learning, thinking that learning is a hard and tiring thing; and if you learn with a clear motivation, you will regard learning as a pleasant things, do not feel bitter, do not feel tired.

Some psychologists even believe that a person's academic performance is mainly affected by two factors: intelligence and motivation.Expressed in a formula, it is the intellectual motivation of academic performance.In many cases, motivation plays a decisive role in academic performance.So how does motivation affect academic performance?
Motivation triggers learned behavior.

As we all know, the desire for knowledge is the source and motivation of learning activities, but when the need for knowledge is in a static state, it cannot lead to learning activities. Only when the need for knowledge becomes active and becomes a motivation, can learning behavior be triggered.Just like a hungry person, although there is a need to supplement food, if there is no motivation to forage, there will still be no foraging behavior.

Psychologists have done such an interesting animal experiment: let apes solve the problem of getting food with bamboo poles.When the apes were starved for less than 6 hours, the apes could not concentrate on taking food with the bamboo pole, and often interrupted the action due to other disturbances, and could not succeed. When using bamboo poles to obtain food, it can concentrate and act flexibly, thus achieving success quickly.

The enlightenment given by this animal experiment is: any learning behavior is directly caused by learning motivation.

Learning motivation can adjust the intensity of learning.

The adjustment of motivation to learning intensity is manifested in three aspects: first, when motivation is strong, learning intensity is high, enthusiasm is high, and motivation is sufficient.When the motivation is not strong, the learning intensity will be small, the mood will be low, and you will give up on yourself.Second, once the learning goal is determined, learning motivation becomes the force that dominates learning behavior.As long as the goal does not change, motivation always maintains the smooth progress of learning behavior.Third, when learners think that the learning objectives are meaningless to them, their learning motivation will disappear, and their learning behavior will immediately stop.

Learning motivation guides learning activities in a certain direction.

Learning motivation not only triggers learning behavior, it also guides the direction of behavior.For example, if a person continues to pursue his childhood ideal of being a writer, his activities will be directed in this direction.He will read a lot of Chinese and foreign works, and study their writing methods and skills; most people watch movies and TV for entertainment, but he is studying their theme layout, language use, and image creation; he also often practices writing and contributes, etc.In short, all his activities are carried out along the writer's road.

Learning behavior also has its counterproductive effect on motivation.American psychologist Ausubel said: "The relationship between motivation and learning is a typical complementary relationship, not a one-way relationship." That is to say, continuous learning can strengthen motivation.That is to say, the quality of learning effect is related to the motivation of learning.For example, in the above example, if a learner who aspires to become a writer has published a small work on pen practice and received good reviews during the learning process, it will strengthen his confidence and determination to continue his career as a writer, but if he is rejected repeatedly, Then he may feel that being a writer is only a pipe dream and give up.

Top students generally have a strong learning motivation, and the motivation becomes clear and strong under the guidance of goals and their own understanding. Stimulate self-motivation and make corrections in time.

Top students use appropriate learning methods.

There are two ants trying to climb over a section of wall, looking for food on the other side of the wall.

When an ant came to the corner, it climbed up without hesitation, but when it climbed halfway, it fell down due to fatigue and fatigue.But it was not discouraged, fell down again and again, quickly adjusted itself, and started to climb up again.

Another ant took a look and decided to go around the wall.Soon, the ant made its way around the wall to the food and began to enjoy it.

The first ant is still falling down and starting again.

The difference in method makes the ending of the two ants different.

In fact, you and the top students are also different in learning methods.

Descartes, a German philosopher, once said: "The most valuable knowledge is knowledge about methods." Numerous facts at all times and in all over the world have proved that: scientific learning methods will enable learners to fully develop their talents, and the more they learn, the smarter they are. Bring high efficiency and fun to the operator, thus saving a lot of time.

In "Learning Conditions", the American educational psychologist Robert Gagne first proposed that the third task of education is to cultivate students' learning strategies.In recent years, some educational psychology works at home and abroad have mostly taken the study of learning strategies and learning methods as a hot topic.Through the study of these learning models, many methods can be found and proved to make people smart.

Abraham Maslow once said: "If you have only one tool, a mace, all problems look like nails." Now it's time to find all kinds of tools, not just a mace to solve all problems.

People realize that future illiterates are not those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot understand themselves correctly and cannot learn.You may also find that some students have the same learning conditions, the same intelligence level, and other conditions are very close, but their academic performance is very different.That's because many learning No.1s attach great importance to learning methods. They can manage and monitor themselves and their own learning activities, constantly sum up experience, and form their own effective learning methods to achieve success.

"Stones from other hills, can learn".A successful person can always be inspired by the experience of others, can gather the strengths of others and possess wisdom superior to others.Learning is a long-term and complex intellectual activity with many methods and techniques.Those who find the correct learning method will get twice the result with half the effort; those who do not pay attention to the method are like chopping wood with a blunt axe, spending a lot of effort but getting twice the result with half the effort.

You have to learn to learn from the No.1 learning method, so as to find a learning mode that suits you.

Top students work harder than you.

There was an ancient man who lost his father when he was young, and his mother remarried again, and his life was very poor.But he has great ambitions and is not discouraged.When he was a teenager, he lived in the temple and studied hard day and night.Every day, he cooks a pot of porridge, and after it freezes, he cuts it into four pieces with a knife, takes two pieces in the morning and evening, and eats them with a few pieces of pickles.He often studied late at night, and when he was sleepy, he washed his face with cold water and continued to study hard.

He immersed himself in his studies, and a local official found out that he only ate two meals of porridge a day, so he sent someone to send him delicious food, but he didn't touch these things, and put them there intact. It's all rotten.The person who brought him food asked him why he didn't eat it?He replied: "It's not that I don't appreciate your kindness, because I have been eating porridge for a long time and I am used to it. Now that I suddenly enjoy such a good thing, can I still eat porridge in the future?" Later he couldn't even eat two meals of porridge , just eat one meal a day.Even so, he still insisted on studying hard day and night. He was really sleepy, so he took a nap on the table with his clothes on.In the 5 years he studied abroad, he never went to bed comfortably.

This person is Fan Zhongyan, a famous politician and writer in the Song Dynasty.Fan Zhongyan can be called a model of hard work!
At all times and in all over the world, accomplished scholars all regard diligence as one of their important experiences, and they are all models of diligent study.The Chinese educator, Confucius, who is revered as the most holy teacher, has been diligently learning various knowledge, skills and governance skills for decades, without even noticing his aging.Yan Hui, a famous student of Confucius, also studied diligently following his teacher's example. He lived in a shabby room and lived in poverty, but he devoted himself to studying hard.

It can be seen that hard work and studious are the necessary conditions for success in career and study.A successful person is often also a studious and strong-willed person.Looking at the great men, heroes and scholars in history, most of them were born in poverty. Even if they were not born in poverty, they had to go through many hardships before they achieved success.The so-called "the fragrance of plum blossoms comes from the bitter cold, and the edge of the sword comes from sharpening", is talking about this truth.

Therefore, if you want to learn the true skills, you must work hard.Those who complain that studying is too hard and too tired, please stop complaining, and ask yourself, have you sacrificed sleep, food, playing games or watching TV for the sake of learning?

Diligence and hard work, this is the gap between you and top students!

Learning is the process of learning. This process is from ignorance to knowledge, from little knowledge to more knowledge, continuous learning, continuous accumulation, and a gradual understanding and practice process.It is a process of repeated tempering from sensibility to rationality, and then back to practice.It is the process of personal mental work, and it is also the process of comprehending and reading various book knowledge or understanding the objective world through personal subjective efforts, mastering various useful knowledge, developing personal abilities and forming personal morality.

It can be seen how difficult, tortuous and complicated learning itself is!No wonder many scholars compare learning knowledge to climbing a peak, but in fact it is much more difficult than climbing a peak!And learning is a very personal mental work, which cannot be done by others, just like eating cannot be replaced by others.Only by paying blood and sweat, persevering and tenaciously overcoming various difficulties, and making good use of learning methods, can it be possible to achieve excellent results.Without courage and perseverance, without enthusiasm and diligence, it is impossible to achieve success easily, so diligence is also required and necessary by the characteristics of learning.

God rewards hard work, as long as you pay, there will be rewards.What the top students pay more than you is just hard work.In Ouyang Xiu's "The Oil Seller", the old man said: "There is no one else, but you are familiar with it" is the best explanation for diligence.

Xia Yan, a famous Chinese writer and artist, said: "Is there any trick to study? Then I think, diligence and perseverance are the most basic tricks. Diligence can make up for one's weakness, and learning is good through diligence. Numerous facts have proved that any achievement of any one person is due to diligent study and hard thinking. , You can get it by asking hard."

As a result, the learning experience of the top students has also become a saying "there is no other, only hard work"!
Top students choose active learning.

There is a watch that can be wound and timed automatically.

It can automatically time without winding. Does it have any special structure?It turns out that this kind of watch itself has an automatic device, which is assembled with a rotating part called a "rotor". When the wrist is swung, the "rotor" will rotate, so that the watch will automatically move when it is wound.So no manual winding is required.

Top students are equipped with this "automatic device".They don't need to be urged by others, hold high the banner of "I want to learn", struggle in the classroom and outside the classroom, and actively learn.

Learning is your own business, others can only provide help, no one can do it for you, and there is no need to always ask others to remind you.Like a person "learning to walk".

"Learning to walk" means that no one can walk for you, you can only crawl, stumble, and then learn to walk upright.Mistakes of trying, groping, falling, and wrestling are the normal costs of growth, and without the cost of trying, groping, falling, and wrestling, one would not have mastered the art of walking.During your study, teachers, parents or classmates may help you solve a certain confusion, but the real help is to let you "get rid of one person's attachment to another person".

How to learn actively is actually very simple.

Active learning means that learners show a strong thirst for knowledge in learning activities, can reasonably arrange their own learning activities, use scientific methods to study independently, have the spirit of assiduous study, and have the ability of self-evaluation.

In layman's terms, after encountering difficulties or new problems in learning, some people often refuse to try on the grounds of "haven't learned it", "can't do it", and "wait for the teacher to talk about it", thus losing an opportunity. Opportunity to learn independently, and some people dare to try, regard the process of overcoming difficulties as a learning process, check information, consult experts, learn with questions, and finally win the problem, this is called initiative Learn.

Learning is not something that can be learned unconditionally by sitting at a desk.It is not that you can be interested in studying reluctantly under the instigation of others.Can't rely on other people's nagging. If you are urged to study while studying, you may have a rebellious mentality. You will not listen to the advice and requirements of your parents, and you will not want to do the homework assigned by the teacher.Only when you learn automatically and spontaneously will you achieve excellent results.

Charles Townes, who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1964, once said: It was his childhood experience of actively observing and searching that sparked his interest in scientific exploration.As a child, he was encouraged by his father and often checked the questions in the encyclopedia by himself.When he was a child, he liked playing games and guessing puzzles, and often went to the wild to find some unknown things. He always wanted to discover new things.Once, he found a fish and sent it to the museum, which was affirmed by the museum. From then on, Charles Townes preferred to learn and explore on his own initiative.Finally, he devoted himself to research in the field of physics and made important discoveries.

The initiative of learning is the key to the quality of one's learning.Active self-directed learning is an ability that people will always need throughout their lives.

Top students don't aim too high, they are more down-to-earth than you.

Once upon a time in a certain place there lived a millionaire who had no knowledge.One day, he came to the home of a rich man nearby, and saw a three-story building, tall and majestic, spacious and open, and he was very envious.He thought: "My ancestors left me a lot of money, why not use it to build a tall building?" He called the carpenter: "Did you build the building in his house?" The carpenter answered yes, and he hired The carpenter asked him to find someone to start work immediately to build a more gorgeous three-story building.

A few days later, the rich man proudly took his family to see the building, but saw the carpenter building the house on the ground of bricks and bricks. He didn't understand what the carpenter was doing, so he asked, "What's the use of building the wall?" Huh?" The carpenter replied: "Build a three-story house!" The rich man said again: "I don't want the two floors below you, just build me the top floor."

The carpenter replied: "There is no such reason! How can you build the second floor without building the lowest floor? How can you build the third floor without building the second floor?"

The stupid rich man insisted on his idea and said stubbornly: "I don't want the lower two floors of the house, I must build the top floor for me!"

After hearing what he said, everyone thought it was funny, so they ignored him.

Trees have roots and water sources.A tree must first be formed from a seed, which is buried in the soil, sprouts and takes root and grows slowly.A person's knowledge is also gradually accumulated from reading one word at a time since childhood.Houses are built from foundations, knowledge is learned from learning, how can castles be built in the air?
Learning is like building a building. Only when the foundation of the bottom layer is well laid, can the upper floors be built step by step. Only by being down-to-earth and learning from the basic knowledge can one enter the palace of knowledge.If you aim too high and want to reach the sky in one step, it will be like a castle in the air, illusory.The same is true for learning, don't think about quick success, opportunism, and success overnight.

The pyramid stands firmly and firmly, that is because the bottom is big and the top is small, learning should also learn from the pyramid, simple as the foundation of complexity, easy as the foundation of difficulty, and rough as the foundation of fineness.Simple, easy, and rough are the bases of the pyramid, and complex, difficult, and fine are the top of the pyramid.Follow this process of learning, and you will be able to reach the top of the pyramid!

And the top of the pyramid is not within the reach of those who aim high.Top students don't have big eyes and low hands, so high-minded.

To learn any knowledge, you must pay attention to basic training, step by step, from easy to difficult, and practice the basic skills solidly. Don't be too ambitious. If you don't understand the previous content, you will rush to learn the latter knowledge; basic If the homework is not done well, just go to drill side questions and difficult problems.

Top students will first master the simple and basic exercises, think and summarize from them, draw the rules, and then master the basic skills. Only with such a foundation can they flexibly apply the knowledge they have learned and innovate.

Acquiring excellent skills is the fundamental purpose of every top student's study.

(End of this chapter)