Reborn Ming Dynasty as Emperor

Chapter 451: Ming Dynasty Politics and Basic Education Reform Ideas
In [-] A.D., Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty. He restricted the common people to a single county with the Lijia system and the Yellow Book system. He also used the factory guard system and abolished the six divisions of the prime minister's power so that the power of the world was completely concentrated in the emperor. lifetime.

The purpose of Zhu Yuanzhang's doing this is to turn Daming into a society where the emperor maintains order, the soldiers and civilians guard their own three-acre land to live well, and the people of all walks of life perform their duties.

But with the passage of time and the development of productive forces, the social blueprint that Zhu Yuanzhang single-handedly planned was broken again and again.

Eunuchs became an important force to check and balance civil servants, and the cabinet came into being without the name of a prime minister but with the reality of a prime minister.

The growth of the refugees and the expansion of the scale of the merchants caused the Lijia system to collapse long ago.

Especially now that a large number of people are moving to the capital, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Baoding, Jinan and other places, and a large number of people are moving outside the customs and Nanyang, the so-called yellow book and household registration are almost completely useless.

The local county government has no way to move to the yellow book to find the corresponding household registration, and almost all the villagers in the newly built villages outside the customs are from a county.

"Many systems need to be changed. Today's Ming Dynasty is no longer the Ming Dynasty that our ancestors imagined, and now the top priority is to reform the official system. The six ministries must be subdivided, and the administrative authority of the cabinet can be expanded;
At that time, more than a dozen departments cannot let me decide everything, and I will definitely die suddenly from exhaustion, but the legislative power and the judicial power are separated. Isn't it necessary for every major case to be tried by the three judiciaries? The Metropolitan Procuratorate, the Ministry of Punishment, and the Dali Temple are directly separated from the administrative system, and the three items of supervision, law enforcement, and legislation are implemented independently.

The cabinet must not interfere with these three institutions, and the Metropolitan Procuratorate, Ministry of Punishments, and Dali Temple are directly responsible to me! "

At this time, outside the Forbidden City was a noisy city, with constant whistles and hawking, but inside the palace walls it was as quiet as it was 200 years ago.

Zhu Youxiao, the ruler of the empire, is idly pinning his robe half-rolled around his waist, sitting barefoot on a gold brick, holding a new high-end fountain pen from the Royal Industries Corporation on a low table All kinds of political words are written.

Countless waste papers were already piled up on the ground, and Queen Zhang Yan patiently laid them out one by one and put them in a wooden box.It's not that Queen Zhang Yan is reluctant to throw away these waste papers and wants to be frugal, but that she has understood the nature of her husband after several years of getting along with each other. .

As a modern time traveler and the most powerful person in the empire, Zhu Youxiao has many new ideas and wants to bring new things to Ming Dynasty, but if he wants to put these new ideas into practice, the whole bureaucracy of Ming Dynasty It is not a simple matter for the system and scholars to accept it.

Under normal circumstances, Zhu Youxiao will not suddenly throw what he thinks of at the top of his head to the cabinet or the six ministries for implementation, because this will often be strongly opposed by the conservatives, and even some reformers. Zhu Youxiao will also not be convincing because of insufficient preparation.

Therefore, Zhu Youxiao would rather put forward his ideas to Zhang Yan first.

Zhang Yan doesn't pay attention to the court and also abides by the iron law that the harem should not interfere in politics and will not express opposition or support. She is more often a listener of Zhu Youxiao, and the listener Zhu Youxiao describes the Ming Dynasty to her. s future.

"The Ministry of Officials should not be subordinated to the cabinet. He controls the promotion and promotion of officials in the world. Controlling the Ministry of Officials is equivalent to controlling the appointment power of officials in the world. This power must be controlled in my own hands.

The Ministry of Rites should only be responsible for sacrifices and publicity and enlightenment. A separate academic department should be established to manage educational affairs.

Then, the Ministry of Industry had to separate the Ministry of Communications, which was responsible for road construction in the world, and the Ministry of Water Resources, which was responsible for water control in the world. The Ministry of Industry was only responsible for the construction of palaces and other public facilities. The Ministry of Industry was separated and belonged to the newly established Ministry of Science and Technology, and the Ministry of Accounting may also be separated from the Ministry of Finance..."

When Zhu Youxiao said this, Queen Zhang Yan couldn't help coming over, took Zhu Youxiao's arm, smiled and said: "Your Majesty, according to your division, there will be more servants in the future, don't you?" Isn't Your Majesty worried that my Ming Dynasty has a complicated organization and repeats the mistakes of the Song Dynasty?"

"Aifei reminded me very well, but I don't have to worry about the complicated organization, my Daming has always been in short supply of follow-up officials.

Especially the central government, since Taizu abolished the prime minister's power and divided it into six departments, the powers of the six departments have been increased. It is obvious that only one minister and two servants can coordinate the major affairs of our Ming Dynasty. For example, this time I want to let the children of the entire Ming Dynasty Everyone has to go to school and have to learn enough for five years. If there is no institution dedicated to this matter, just let a few ministers from the Ministry of Rites come, they will not be busy. After all, the Ministry of Rites has to be busy with sacrifices and imperial examination , Control public opinion and many other responsibilities. "

When Zhu Youxiao mentioned the matter of popularizing education, he aroused the interest of Queen Zhang Yan.

Being a commoner, she was very curious about Zhu Youxiao's method of making every Ming's child go to school for five years, so she couldn't help asking:

"Your Majesty, do you really want every child in my Ming Dynasty to go to school? Not only the children of bureaucrats and officials, but also the children of ordinary people, and it must be written into the Ming Law, forcing every family to let them go to school. Five years of schooling for each child?
But in fact, not all families can afford to send their children to school, maybe one or two is fine, but for a family with five or six children, if five or six children are to be sent to school for five years, the whole family may not be able to afford it. They will all be ruined by it. "

Seeing his queen Zhang Yan pouted, she was very playful and cute, Zhu Youxiao couldn't help pinching her cheeks, then spread out a piece of paper, holding a pen in his hand and writing while saying:
"Look, now I have reduced their corvees, and the tax has been reduced again and again. Now the Ministry of Household Affairs has made rough statistics. Now the income of the people at the bottom of the Ming Dynasty has already been the income of the people at the same level in the 20th year of Wanli. Four times, and I only let them bear [-]% of the education cost, and the remaining [-]% is borne by the local government and the central court; in this way, as long as his family is not too capable of giving birth to dozens of cubs, it should not be delayed. Let it go down.

Of course, after a few years, the imperial court will be rich enough to directly implement free five-year compulsory education. Maybe it won’t take a few years, and three-year compulsory education will be realized next year, because starting next year, the first stage of construction and development of the Ming Dynasty in Java will be After the announcement, the customs tax and commercial tax in Java will be deported to Beijing, and it will be just enough to use this sum of money for education. "

"What I want to do is to let every child in Daming be able to read and understand books, so that more children with greater potential can make more contributions to my Daming.

Think about it, if every child can read and write, then in the Ming Dynasty many years later, everyone can read, read and practice etiquette. Daming will also have more wise national scholars because of this. At that time, it will be the real prosperity and prosperity, and the society of Datong;
In short, my goal is just one, regardless of your background, rich or poor, as long as you live in Daming and are a citizen of Daming, you must have received education. "

After Zhu Youxiao said this, Queen Zhang Yan also looked forward to it: "In this way, not all people in the world have become well-educated people, but not necessarily, not everyone can learn the Four Books and Five Classics, They can write stereotyped essays."

"I don't want every student to become a scholar after entering school;
Concubine Ai is right, everyone has their own specialties, Lu Ban is a good carpenter, Li Bai can compose poems, Tang Taizong is a good emperor, Wang Anshi is a good prime minister, and among the people of Ming Dynasty, not everyone is good at it. Those who can be selected as scholars, they can enter the affiliated schools of the Royal Academy of Sciences or the Academy of Engineering for technical studies, they can also enter the Imperial Academy of Sciences and the Academy of Sciences to study classics, history and classics and various miscellaneous studies, and they can also take exams in military schools, shipping schools or mining schools, etc.;

But to enter these schools have to have a basic academic examination.

In the future, the Ming Dynasty will not only have imperial examinations, but also various career examinations, and the imperial examination is only a kind of official selection examination.

Even if it is the imperial examination, the content of the imperial examination has to be changed. Although the stereotyped essay can select some extremely smart people, it will also select a large number of mediocre people who can only take exams but not do things.

But basic education is all about the Four Books and Five Classics and Zhu Zi’s thoughts, so it is not good to change the content of the examination suddenly. When the basic education method is changed, the content of the imperial examination will also have to be changed accordingly;
Maybe at that time, the titles of scholar and juren are just a symbol of academic qualifications. For example, those who are more than a scholar can take some school exams, and those who are more than a scholar can choose to be an official of the administrative system after passing the examination, but they want to do scientific research. Officials in the judicial system, the judicial system, and the military system have to pass other types of examinations.

I have now asked Zhang Dai and Wei Miner to add pinyin to the characters, correct the reading and writing methods, and wait until the compilation of the elementary textbooks is completed, the school is established, and the education system of each prefecture and county is reformed. A set of basic education methods will be carried out.

At least for the first five years, it is necessary for advanced scholars not only to learn the basic human ethics of Confucianism, but also to be able to read, count simple numbers, and have basic common sense. After completing basic education, outstanding students can go further and choose to enter Whether it is the imperial court or entering the army, you can always find a path that suits you, and those who are unwilling or unable to further their studies can still return to the countryside to work in agriculture or do other things. It is easy to be instigated and used by cults, and it is not easy to be oppressed by corrupt officials. "

After hearing Zhu Youxiao's remarks, Queen Zhang Yan couldn't help but be substituted into it first, and had a fantasy about the future of Ming Dynasty, and couldn't help clasping her hands together and saying:
"Your Majesty, if this is the case, it wouldn't be the case where poetry can be heard reciting on the fields, old and young, women and children can light up lamps to read books, scholars can carry three-foot swords, and martial arts students can write thousands of characters. Perhaps the Ming Dynasty at that time was really full of books and etiquette. A country of great powers."

Zhu Youxiao just smiled at this. He wanted to improve the literacy rate and education level of the Ming people not just to make the culture and education of the Ming Dynasty prosperous, but to develop the potential of the populous country of the Ming Dynasty, so that the national strength of the Ming Dynasty can be fully developed, and then in the future. Occupying a greater dominant position in the future ocean competition will not lag behind other countries in the next few hundred years, and will enable China to stop relying on the etiquette and order in Confucianism and laws to continue to perform the historical cycle of family, country and dynasty changes.

Since the seventeenth century, the political society of the whole world has undergone unprecedented major changes, not only in political society, but also in religious status and academic thinking, which will also lead to major changes in production methods.

In this transformation, some nations and countries will start to fall behind, and some nations and countries will rise as a result. Due to factors such as Neo-Confucianism, inherent production models, and geographical isolation, China will become the former.

But what Zhu Youxiao has to do now is to make this change happen in the Chinese circle, in the Ming Dynasty.

Let the Ming Dynasty continue to lead the direction of world civilization, and for this transformation to happen, it must start not only with the change of production methods, but also with basic education.

From the stage of basic education, let every Ming intellectual know that the way of thinking and rule interpretation in this world is not only the Confucian method, but also other methods. He can seek answers to life by studying astrophysics, or by exploring microscopic biology. The secret is to get the law of social development.

In short, in this way, Daming's ideological circle can be truly rejuvenated, and a situation where a hundred flowers are blooming can truly be realized.

Although many things can only be imagined now, Zhu Youxiao is also beginning to gradually guide and condone the emergence of new ideas, and downplay the absolute ruling authority of Confucius and Mencius. Even in political struggles, any official who intends to disrespect Confucius and Mencius Cracking down on political opponents will not get too much support from Zhu Youxiao. Even if someone wants to play literary inquisition to attack political opponents by suppressing trendy ideas, Zhu Youxiao will not hesitate to severely punish the whistleblower.

The Ming Dynasty was not the Qing Dynasty. Zhu Youxiao was not worried that someone would question his orthodoxy, nor did he need to limit the development of other ideas in order to strengthen the idea of ​​monarchy.

Therefore, he will not support Confucian defenders to suppress other thoughts for the dominance of Confucius and Mencius, but Zhu Youxiao will not explicitly encourage which kind of thought to become the dominant thought of Ming Dynasty. The essential purpose of Zhu Youxiao's current publicity is one , as long as you follow me, you can have more wealth, as long as you stay in Daming, you can realize your own dreams.

Of course, Zhu Youxiao didn't know which kind of thinking would become the mainstream of Ming Dynasty in the future. He might support the existence of his own king, or he might oppose the existence of this king.

But what is certain is that this mainstream thinking must be related to the main contradiction and the needs of interests, and as long as you tie the interests of the entire nation with the interests of your king from the beginning, then you can truly make yourself and your children and grandchildren last for a long time. Gotta rule this country.

　Thanks to the book friend MYZTY, but 2000 starting point coins are rewarded

　　
　
(End of this chapter)