A small soldier of the frontier army in the late Ming Dynasty

Chapter 784 Trainee Researcher

Old Bainiu: Thank you friends for your monthly tickets, and thank you Mo Sheng and other friends for your rewards.

To be honest, I am not a fast hand, I can only write [-] to [-] words an hour, and almost use up all my spare time every day, which is really a tragedy. Sometimes I think it is more comfortable to be a reader.And you may be guilty of obsessive-compulsive disorder. After writing a chapter, you always have to check it several times, otherwise you will feel extremely uneasy.What I ask of myself is to do my best, and I have no regrets or regrets after I finish writing.

……

Tang Ruowang began to work on the questions with the priests. All of them had rich knowledge in mathematics, physics, astronomy, etc. Most of the questions were not difficult for them.

However, there is one thing that gives them a headache, how to translate Chinese into Western terms that they understand, especially the profound Chinese, often with multiple meanings, such as this question: "Measure the depth of a well with one rope, and measure the well with three folds of rope. The remaining rope is four feet, fold the rope in four to measure, and the remaining rope is one foot outside the well, how many feet are the depth of the well and the length of the rope?"

Although all the priests know that this is a one-dimensional equation problem, but "measured by three or four folds of the rope", do you mean one-third, one-fourth, or 30.00%, forty, etc. ?It seems to make sense no matter what you think.

These caused them headaches, so they had to try their best to bring in Chinese thinking, and specially selected a priest who is proficient in Sinology to review and translate the questions, and then the rest answered the questions.

Moreover, although Tang Ruowang and others were knowledgeable, Chinese mathematics did not lag behind the West at this time, and even surpassed it in some aspects, such as this congruence arithmetic problem involving "things do not know how to count": Two, the remainder of five and five, and the remainder of seven or seven, what is this number?"

The priests showed their skills, and the calculations were complicated and complicated, and it took a long time to solve it. It was a priest who used the Chinese "Da Yanqiu Yishu" to calculate first.Looking at the answer on the paper, he sighed: "The great Chinese remainder theorem, the wise man Qin Jiushao is one of the greatest mathematicians of this country, this nation, that era, and indeed all eras."

The priests held up the quills and stared intently at the answer on his paper. The formulas and calculation process on it were so pleasing to the eye, and they were concise and fast. The data obtained were accurate and concise, which was amazing.

A priest also couldn't help but praised: "It's hard to understand that a country that doesn't pay attention to logic has such a wonderful calculation method. Father, you are right. The Chinese mathematician who discovered this method is really the luckiest genius."

Tang Ruowang said: "Fathers, every civilization has their crystallization of wisdom. We should not be jealous and slander, but try to absorb their essence and turn it into one of the wisdom of our Europa."

Everyone stabilized their minds and continued to count down. The following is the geometry problem, which is not difficult for the priests. The key is the terminology, such as what is Gendi, what is Xundi, and what is Kundi, which makes everyone argue endlessly.Tang Ruowang wiped off the sweat on his forehead and said, "Fathers, we must continue to deepen our understanding of the language and culture of this country."

I don't know how long it took, and finally finished the previous arithmetic problems. With the skill of Tang Ruowang and others, I also felt exhausted, mainly because I was tired from examining the problems.In the end, they all looked at Wang's math problem at the same time, and then felt dizzy at the same time, and even the priest had the urge to run away.

Tang Ruowang took a deep breath: "Okay gentlemen...Fathers, we have finally reached our goal, let's review the questions first."

He said: "The Jingbian army has general Xiancai who is good at using blunderbuss, and general Xuan who is good at using cannon. Xiancai shoots geese every day and piles them up. The bigger the pile, the higher the pile. Even though... How should I interpret this sentence? Father Luther, you are proficient in Sinology, and you will review and explain."

Father Luther frowned: "Literally, it is said that Lord Marquis has a general named Xiancai who is good at using matchlock guns, and a general named Xuan who is good at using muzzle three-pound guns. This general named Xiancai Shoot a swan every day and pile it up... Lord Almighty Lord, what kind of bird is this '鴽'? I can only guess that it is a kind of swan."

A priest interjected, "Father Luther, are you sure that General Xiancai used an arquebus, and that general named Xuan used a muzzle-loading three-pound gun? Did they use a matchlock or a flintlock, a three-pounder or a gun?" Six-pounders, that's the key."

Seeing that everyone was going to argue again, Tang Ruowang waved his hands to stop it with a headache: "Fathers, let Father Luther finish the review first, and then we will go back and discuss carefully."

He motioned to Father Luther to continue. After the priest finished his stumbling examination, the room was quiet for 10 minutes. Father Luther was still rubbing his temples. He somewhat understood why some scholars in Xuanfu Town vomited blood. , he now also has the urge to spurt blood.

Tang Ruowang coughed lightly: "Okay, priests, let us analyze...Father Locke, you draw the picture."

Tang Ruowang said: "From the topic, it seems to involve the limit problem of the cone, which is infinitely large and infinitely small. I remember that the wise man of Antiphon in ancient Greece mentioned the method of exhaustion and discussed this issue specifically. There is also the Chinese circle cutting technique, which is similar. concepts. But I always feel that the above-mentioned mathematical methods used by China and the West are still not enough to answer the question of Lord Marquis, because the methods they use are static in nature.”

A missionary said: "Yes, priest, looking at this sentence 'Xuan Cannon', it seems that it also talks about the motion of objects, involving circles, ellipses, parabolas, hyperbolas, etc., and the relationship between them, etc. etc. The sage Galileo once discovered that objects move along a parabola, and Mr. Kepler also discovered that planets revolve around the sun in elliptical orbits. The sun is at a focus of this ellipse. This mathematical problem seems to be There's a subtle resemblance."

A missionary said: "Yes, you are right, but the motion of the object, especially the conic section motion of the object, is very complicated to calculate. The wise man Apollo Nios once mentioned in his work "Conic section" The concept of ellipse, parabola, hyperbola, etc., but many of them are purely conceptual explorations. Archimedes wise man has specially calculated the inner area of ​​the parabolic bow, but it is not enough to solve the thorny mathematical problem in front of him.”

Another priest said: "Please pay attention to the priests, this problem is far from being so simple. According to my guess, this cone is infinitely large and infinitely small. Under the setting, it is still in constant motion. We have calculated geometry problems before, and all It is static. Dynamic, where should we start? How should the formula for the bottom area and volume of this limit cone be obtained? How should the height be derived? How should the infinitesimal cone tip be calculated?"

He said: "...No, 'Only the upper and four sides are not flat to form a concave shape, and the more multiplied, the more concave', Lord, the sides of this cone are still moving... There is also a parabola, the cannonball pops out The trajectory of the bore has different calculation methods at different angles. Before the shell reaches the cone, how to calculate the area between it? When the shell hits the cone, what is the relationship between the shell surface and the object? When the shell hits the cone, And then out, what kind of ballistic volume do they create?"

He exclaimed: "Oh, it's terrible... Father, we are far from enough."

Cold sweat broke out on Tang Ruowang's forehead, and he said, "Calm down, priests, there is always a solution."

He said: "This ancient country has a saying: If you don't accumulate steps, you can't reach a thousand miles. We start from the first step and draw a picture..."

This calculation made Tang Ruowang and others calculate from noon to evening. Tang Ruowang and others didn't even bother to eat lunch, and kept their heads buried in the complicated geometric patterns.

They first used the exhaustion method to calculate the static geometry, and then tried to use Menech Muse to solve the conic section to convert it into a dynamic method. However, Tang Ruowang and others found in despair that the workload was too large, not to mention a decade or a hundred years, at least continuous calculation A year is also commonplace.

The continuous racking of brains and high-intensity calculations made Tang Ruowang pale, and he murmured: "We must find an entry point to unify everything, but where is the entry point?"

It was late at night, under the oil lamp, Tang Ruowang was still standing blankly, looking at the starry sky outside, he said to himself: "Where is the entry point?"

All the priests beside them were also in a state of despair, their eyes were staring straight. They tried everything they could, but they still couldn't figure it out. This problem, unless they used crowd tactics, might have a clue... At this time, they understood the situation of the Imperial College and other students. Pain, this question is really abnormal.

Father Luther stood up staggeringly, exercising his brainpower excessively, which made him dizzy for a while.Seeing that Tang Ruowang was motionless, he had been standing for a long time, he stepped forward and said with concern: "Father, you have been thinking for a long time, you must rest."

At this moment, Tang Ruowang suddenly fell down straight, Father Luther rushed forward, supported Tang Ruowang, and shouted: "Father, priest, what's wrong with you... oh, almighty Lord..."

There were screams in the room, and all the priests surrounded him. Tang Ruowang said weakly: "Fathers, don't worry, I have nothing to do..."

He closed his eyes with a sigh, and after a long time, he opened his eyes: "Send this newspaper to the church... I keenly predict that this math problem will play a pivotal role in changing the progress of civilization... ...the torrent of the times, we..."

……

One day later, in the palace, Princess Kunxing Zhu Yu was sitting in front of an elegant desk. The neck is exposed.

Beside her, Princess Zhaoren, who was only a few years old, was kicking her calf boredly, looking at Aimi Zhu's back from time to time and pouting: "Bad sister, you won't play with me for a few days."

……

Shengjing, Chongzheng Hall.

Xuantong Emperor Dorgon paced back and forth with his hands behind his back, holding a piece of Xuanfu Times in his hand, and said to himself: "What is the meaning of Wang Dou's move?"

The Qing Dynasty has decided to attack Japan in the near future to plunder the population and supplies. Of course, the failure of the Yuan Dynasty to attack Japan at that time also made Dorgon feel lingering fears, so he asked Abatai in North Korea to understand carefully, and asked Shi Ning, a university student of Hongwen Academy, to finish me. Waiting for others to look through the historical documents to find the reason.

Yiabatai and others learned about the failure of the Yuan attack on Japan at that time, and found that the monsoon was a minor factor. The most important thing was that the warships at that time were extremely backward and of very poor quality, the keel rivets were too dense, and the hull plates were still lapped. Many of them are still river boats, so they are easy to break under the beating of huge waves.

At that time, the Koryo people were passive, which was an even more important reason, so Dorgon decided to increase the treatment of the North Korean Eight Banners, and the Koreans who looted with the army could also get spoils of war. , is still very positive.

Sure enough, this move by the Qing Dynasty successfully diverted the attention of the cruelly oppressed Korean people. After all, the conflict between North Korea and Japan has been going on for thousands of years. They can attack Japan and gain their own slave population, gold and silver wealth. Many Korean people are still tempted.

They were unable to resist the Qing Dynasty, so they vented their anger on their enemies. Many Koreans were even more active than the Manchurians.

Moreover, the Qing army only imitated the "Daoyi" ancestors to plunder, and crossed the Tsushima Strait, which was less dangerous than the Mongolian Yuan at that time.Dorgon's attitude is also to test first. The first batch of all-banner coalition forces has less than 1 people, and even if they are damaged, they will not be hurt.

During the intense preparations, Dorgon got this newspaper.

I don’t care about Shi Ningwan, a university student of Hongwen Academy. The number of words and books is just a small way, and the sage’s small words are the orthodox. He advised the emperor not to care too much. .”

He told Ning Wan and me to wait: "Solve this problem first, then we can talk about it."

……

Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, Governor's Mansion.

Sun Chuanting also saw in the newspaper that recently he was severely pursuing the taxes owed by the gentry. Those who dared to make trouble were killed and shut down.Not to mention the earthquake in the local area, but when the court learned of Sun Chuanting's faction, many people were stunned. What was Sun Baigu doing?
In the face of attacks and impeachments from the outside world, Sun Chuanting remained unmoved, and the money and food he earned were continuously invested in the recruitment of new troops and the reclamation of farmland.

Then he saw the contents of the newspaper, and he calculated Wang Dou's math problem with great interest for a few days. The government of the country lies in money and food, and the way of money and food lies in arithmetic, and the number of books is not a small way, but a great way."

Of course, he also knew that the situation in Shaanxi was at a critical moment. Compared with his own overall situation, this "Wang's calculation problem" was indeed a trivial matter, and soon he threw the matter out of the blue.

……

As the newspapers spread, this "Wang's Calculation Problem" aroused a huge wave. When it spread to the south of the Yangtze River, the Nanjing Guozijian was like a sensation. After all, the emperor personally issued an order, but the Jingshi Guozijian was powerless. heart of.

It's just a pity that they also returned home without a feather. When the news spread, more and more scholars in the south of the Yangtze River became interested in this "Wang's Calculation Problem".At the same time, the image of Wang Dou is becoming more and more mysterious in many people's minds. If there is a veil of twilight, the image of a warrior and a good government is also brought on the image of a wise man.

In the end, this "Wang's Calculation Problem" went overseas and was spread in many countries. All kinds of disturbances aroused were beyond Wang Dou's expectation.

For Wang Dou, it's normal for people of this era not to be able to answer this question. Even if Tang Ruowang and other Western missionaries returned the news in their hands, Wang Dou also smiled lightly.

It is also impossible for them to solve it. After all, this math problem has the idea of ​​analytic geometry and calculus.

Although the French mathematician Descartes published an appendix to Geometry in the tenth year of Chongzhen, he proposed the idea of ​​analytic geometry and had the idea of ​​computing dynamic geometry, but in fact it is still a hazy idea of ​​analytic geometry, and it will take until this century to perfect it. mid term.

Moreover, Tang Ruowang and others came to China during the Wanli period, how could it be possible to understand the latest developments of Descartes?
As for calculus, it is already close to the next century, and it has disappeared.

At the same time, this is also a watershed in Chinese and Western mathematics. Before that, Chinese mathematics was on par with the West, and even surpassed it in some places.After Analytic Geometry, Eastern Mathematics lags behind Western, not to mention Calculus.

And the most important point is to establish the coordinates and unify everything to make calculation possible.

Wang Dou designed this mathematics problem to attract the attention of the scholars and make them focus on mathematics. After all, mathematics is the foundation of everything, and let them try logical reasoning, and finally establish a rigorous and unique oriental mathematics system.

Moreover, there is a strange elf in this question, which contains a lot of content, even ballistics, parabola, gravitation, etc. If you can study and solve the problem step by step, and even find the first step to establish coordinates, Da Ming's mathematics and all aspects Achievements will be incomparably improved.

I hope that after this topic is published, a large number of mathematics masters, even physics masters, chemistry masters, astronomy masters, etc. will be born in this land of China.

After the official examination, the shogunate also selected a large number of talents required by Xuanfu Town according to the standard answers. Huang Bowen, Liu Dongyang, and three scholars were specially recruited into the university, preparing to enter the normal university to be established Inside.

They also obtained the status of "trainee researcher", and their task is to continue to study "Wang's calculation problem".

Sure enough, Zhao Zhongju failed the exam. He stayed in Xuanfu Town and entered an elementary school to teach Chinese and calligraphy for lower grade students.His wife opened a tofu stall near the school. Because of the good business, it later developed into a shop.

His daughter, Ji'er, entered a girls' school to study.

The family lives peacefully and peacefully. In the turbulent torrent of Xuanfu Town, they are also one of the waves gathering waves.

……

After the leap month is the twelfth lunar month, Wang Dou will continue to be busy in the next period of time. The spring of the new year will start, and Monan will carry out large-scale construction, and everything must be prepared in place.After the first batch of officials were recruited, they had to enter the academy for a period of time for further study, which was also something Wang Dou needed to pay attention to.

Suddenly it was the twelfth lunar month, and the Chinese New Year would be in two days. Xuanfu Town was full of joy, and a strong atmosphere of the New Year was spreading.Wang Dou also relaxes and concentrates on being with his family at home. He has been busy with government affairs recently, and has neglected his family, especially the children, which makes Wang Dou feel a little guilty.

However, Wang Dou was surprised to find out what Ji Junjiao and the others were busy with. When he asked, he found out that Ji Junjiao was preparing a library to sort out books in various fields, such as literature, mathematics, music, art, etc., and planned to open it to the public. Butterfly And Dragonfly, also accompany her busy up and down.

When talking about it, Ji Junjiao was still a little worried about Wang Dou's opinion: "Will the husband think that the concubine is not doing a proper job?"

Wang Dou said with a smile: "How could it be? This is a good thing for the benefit of the people. What my wife did is a great event that will benefit thousands of years and benefit all generations."

He looked at Ji Junjiao, and was worried that she would have some thoughts after she became a first-class wife, but seeing that she still respected Xie Xiuniang, he was relieved, and felt that it would be good for her to find some serious work. This library is good, elegant and elegant. Rich taste, but also benefit the people.

He pondered: "I think the name of your library...it should be called the library."

Ji Junjiao was very happy to be told by Wang Dou, she kissed Wang Dou, giggled and said, "My man just knows how to talk."

She enthusiastically talked about her dream, to sort out all Daming's books, especially books about music, and her goal is to be a generation of female writer Ban Zhao.

Wang Dou said: "What my wife did is a good thing, just don't get tired."

Ji Junjiao smiled and said: "My husband is a great hero, even a concubine should not be left behind."

And Liu Qing, Liu Ji also told Wang Dou shyly that she wanted to set up a school to provide education for adults, so that after graduation, they could also get a diploma and find a better way out. Wang Dou was very happy , he said: "Support you for your husband and become a noble teacher of the people."

That night, the family had a festive reunion dinner, during which several children climbed up and down on Wang Dou, especially Liu Qingsheng's daughter Wang Yao, who was lively and cute, and kept acting like a baby to Wang Dou.All the children have one characteristic, they are afraid of their mother and like to be close to their father, which is why Wang Dou loves his children deeply.

That night, Wang Dou was slightly drunk. He looked at the bright starry sky outside. The incident of the Qing soldiers entering the bandits in November of this year did not happen. His arrival changed the fate of many people. In the disaster of war, countless people were no longer separated from their wives and families, and their families were destroyed.

This is what he is proud of, and he hopes that his arrival can change the fate of more people.

In the first month of the 16th year of Chongzhen, Wang Dou went to Guihua City.

(End of this chapter)