my head

World War II German generals

() Head of State and Prime Minister, Supreme Commander:

Adolf Hitler <1934-1945.5>, Doenitz

Commander in Chief of the Army:

弗洛姆堡元帅〈1920-1938元月〉,勃劳希契元帅〈1938-1941.12〉,希特勒〈1941-1945.5〉

Army Chief of Staff:

哈尔德上将〈1934-1942.9〉,蔡茨勒上将〈1942.9-1944.7〉,古德里安上将〈1944.7-1945.3〉,克莱勃斯上将〈1945.3-1945.5〉

Eastern Front:

Northern Army Group (renamed Courland Army Group in January 1945)

勒布元帅〈1941.6-1942.1〉,库克勒上将〈1942.1-1944.1〉,莫德尔元帅〈1944.1-1944.3〉,林德曼上将〈1944.3-1944.7〉,弗里斯纳上将〈1944.7-1944.8〉,舒奈尔上将〈1944.8-1945.1〉,伦杜利克上将〈1945.1〉,菲廷霍夫上将〈1945.1-1945.3〉,伦杜利克上将〈1945.3-1945.4〉,希尔佩特上将〈1945.4-2945.5〉

zhong yang army group

<Renamed the Northern Army Group in January 1945 and disbanded in April 1>

博克元帅〈1941.6-1941.12〉,克鲁格元帅〈1941.12-1943.10〉布施元帅〈1943.10-1944.6〉,莫德尔元帅〈1944.6-1944.8〉,莱因哈特上将〈1944.8-1945.1〉,伦杜利克上将1945.1-1945.3〉,魏克斯上将〈1945.3-1945.4〉

army group south

<In 1942, it was divided into two army groups a and b. Army group b continued most of it, and was disbanded in early 1943>

伦德斯泰特元帅〈1941.6-1941.12〉,赖歇瑙元帅〈1941.12-1942.1〉,博克元帅〈1942.1-1942.7〉,魏克斯上将〈1942.7-1943初〉

A group army group:

〈1942年7月从南方集团军群分出,1944年2月改称南乌克兰集团军群,1944年8.9月间该称南方集团军群,1945年5月改称东部边境集团军群〉

李斯特元帅〈1942.7-1942.8〉,希特勒〈1942.8-1942.11〉,克莱斯特元帅〈1942.11-1944.2〉,舒奈尔上将〈1944.2-1944.7〉,弗里斯纳上将〈1944.7-1944.12〉,韦勒上将〈1944.12-1945.4〉,伦杜利克上将〈1945.4-1945.5〉

Army Group Don

〈1942年11月从第11集团军改编,1943年1月改称南方集团军群,1944年2月该称北乌克兰集团军群,1944年8.9月间该称a集团军群,1945年1月该称zhong yang集团军群〉

曼狮泰因元帅〈1942.11-1944.3〉,莫德尔元帅〈1944.3-1944.9〉,哈佩上将〈1944.9-1945.1〉,许尔纳上将〈1945.1-1945.5〉

Vistula Army Group (newly established in January 1945)

希姆莱元帅〈1945.1-1945.3〉,海因里奇上将〈1945.3-1945.5〉,施图登特上将〈1945.5〉

Western Front:

Commander-in-Chief of the Western Front:

伦德斯泰特元帅〈1942.3-1944.7〉,克鲁格元帅〈1944.7-1944.9〉伦德斯泰特元帅〈1944.9-1945.3〉,凯塞林元帅〈1945.3-1945.5〉

Army Group b

Field Marshal Rommel <1943.12-1944.10>, Field Marshal Model <1944.10-1945.5>

g army group

Admiral Blaskowitz <1943.12-1945.5>

Italy and the Mediterranean front (including the North African battlefield)

Commander-in-Chief of the Southern Theater Command:

Field Marshal Kesselring <1944.11-1945.3>, Admiral Vietinghoff <1945.3-1945.5>

North African Legion

<Upgraded to an army group in January 1942, and the rest joined the Tunisian army group in March 1>

隆美尔元帅〈1940.9-1942.9〉,施图姆上将〈1942.9-1942.10〉,隆美尔元帅〈1942.10-1943.3〉

Tunisian Army

隆美尔元帅〈1943.3-1943.5〉,阿尼姆上将〈1943.5〉驻意大利北部集团军:隆美尔元帅〈1943.8-1943.12〉,菲廷霍夫上将〈1943.12-1945.5〉

Commander in Chief of the Navy:

雷德尔元帅〈1934-1942.2〉,邓尼茨元帅〈1942.-1945.5〉水面舰队司令:吕特晏斯上将〈1934-1941.5〉--之后总司令兼任潜艇部队司令:邓尼茨元帅

Space Commander:

Marshal Goering <1934-1945.5> Chief of Staff of the Air Force: Marshal Kesselring <1935-1937>

Air Force Major Air Forces:

The 1st Air Force: Field Marshal Kesselring (1938-1940.2)

The 2st Air Force: Field Marshal Kesselring (1940.2-1941.11)

Third Air Force: Field Marshal Speller (3-1938)

Airborne Forces: Admiral Student <1939.9-1945.5>

SS Commander-in-Chief:

Field Marshal Himmler <1935-1945.5>, Admiral Heydrich <1945.5>

List of Nazi Reichsmarshals

During the Second World War, Germany appointed a total of one Reich (Grand Marshal), one National Leader (quite a Marshal), and 26 senior officers of the Marshal, equivalent to 28 Marshals.

1、帝国元帅:戈林(1893~1946)出生于官僚家庭。1912年从军。1938.2.4授空军元帅;1940.7.19授帝国元帅。毕业于卡尔斯鲁赫军官学校、利希菲尔德军事学院。担任过国会议长、普鲁士总理兼内政部长、航空部长、空军总司令、国防委员会主席。参加过一战、二战。战犯,临刑前两小时自杀。

2、党卫队全国领袖:海因里希.希姆莱(1900——1945,时年34岁,从军经历不到2年)被任命为“党卫队帝国领袖”

3、勃洛姆堡(1878~1946)出生于军人世家。1897年从军。1936.4.1授陆军元帅。毕业于利希菲尔德军事学院、柏林军事学院。担任过陆军部长兼武装力量总司令、国防军总司令、国防部长、战争部长兼武装部队总司令。参加过一战。被迫辞去军职,战后受审,死于狱中。

4、雷德尔(1876~1960)出生于教师家庭。1894年从军。1939.4.1授海军元帅。毕业于基尔海军军官学院。担任过海军总参谋长、海军总司令。参加过一战、二战。战犯,1946年被判处终身监禁,1955年获释。

5、勃劳希契(1881~1948)出生于军人世家。1900年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于柏林军事学院。担任过东普鲁士军区司令、第四集团军司令、陆军总司令。参加过一战、二战。战后死于一所英国部队医院。

6、凯特尔(1882~1946)出生于农场主家庭。1901年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。担任过德国武装部队最高统帅部参谋长。参加过一战、二战。战犯,被绞死。

7、龙德施泰特(1875~1953)出生于军人世家。1892年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于利希菲尔德军事学院、柏林军事学院。担任过a集团军群司令、南方集团军群司令、西线德军总司令兼d集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。曾被四次免职,战后囚于英国,1949年因病获释。

8、博克(1880~1945)出生于军人世家。1897年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于波茨坦军校、利希菲尔德军事学院。担任过北方集团军群司令、b集团军群司令、zhong yang集团军群司令、南方集团军群司令、a集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。曾两次被免职,后死于空袭。

9、勒布(1876~1956)出生于平民家庭。1895年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于炮兵与工程学校、巴伐利亚军事学院。担任过c集团军群司令、北方集团军群司令。参加过八国联军侵华战争、一战、二战。曾两次被解职,后被判处3年徒刑。

10、李斯特(1880~1971)出生于医生家庭。1898年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于炮兵与工程学校、巴伐利亚军事学院。担任过No.12集团军司令、巴尔干占领军司令、a集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。被判处终身监禁,1952年因病获释。

11、克鲁格(1882~1944)出生于军人世家。1901年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于柏林军事学院。担任过第四集团军司令、zhong yang集团军群司令、西线德军总司令。参加过一战、二战。服毒自尽。

12、维茨勒本(1881~1944)出生于贵族家庭。1901年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于普鲁士武备学校、利希菲尔德军事学院。担任过第一集团军司令、d集团军群司令、西方集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。被绞死。

13、赖歇瑙(1884~1942)出生于军人世家。1903年从军。1940.7.19授陆军元帅。毕业于柏林军事学院。担任过第六集团军司令、南方集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。死于心脏病(中风)。

14、米尔希(1892~1972)1914年从军。1940.7.19授空军元帅。担任过航空部副部长、空军总监兼空军部副部长。参加过一战、二战。被判处终身监禁,不久减刑为15年,1954年被赦免。

15、凯塞林(1885~1960)出生于教员家庭。1904年从军。1940.7.19授空军元帅。毕业于炮兵与工程学校。担任过空军总参谋长、第二航空队司令、南线德军总司令、西南线德军总司令、西线德军总司令。参加过一战、二战。1947年被判处死刑,后改为终身监禁,1952年获释。

16、施佩勒(1885~1953)出生于平民家庭。1903年从军。1940.7.19授空军元帅。毕业于柏林军事学院。担任过第三航空队司令、驻法国空军司令。参加过一战、西班牙内战、二战。曾两次受审,但都被宣布无罪。

17、隆美尔(1891~1944)出生于教师家庭。1910年从军。1942.6.22授陆军元帅。毕业于但泽皇家军官预备学校。担任过北非德军远征军司令、非洲装甲集团军司令、驻北意大利b集团军群司令、驻法国b集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。被迫服毒自尽。

18、屈希勒尔(1881~1968)出生于贵族家庭。1900年从军。1942.6.30授陆军元帅。毕业于骑兵学校、柏林军事学院。担任过第三集团军司令、No.18集团军司令、北方集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。被判处20年徒刑,1951年改为12年,翌年被释放。

19、曼施坦因(1887~1973)出生于军人世家。1906年从军。1942.7.1授陆军元帅。毕业于利希菲尔德军事学院、柏林军事学院。担任过No.11集团军司令、顿河集团军群司令、南方集团军群司令、北乌克兰集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。1949年被判处18年监禁,1953年获释。

20. Kleist (1881~1954) was born in an aristocratic family. Joined the army in 1900. 1943.1.31 awarded Field Marshal.Graduated from the Military Academy in Berlin.Served as the commander of Army Group A and the commander of Army Group South Ukraine.Participated in World War I and World War II.After the war, he was captured by the British army and delivered to Yugoslavia as a war criminal. He was extradited to the Soviet Union and died in prison.

21、魏克斯(1881~1954)出生于平民家庭。1900年从军。1943.1.31授陆军元帅。毕业于巴伐利亚军事学院。担任过b集团军群司令、巴尔干东南部德军司令、f集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。战后为美军俘虏,后被免于起诉,1948年获释。

22、布施(1885~1945)出生于中产阶级家庭。1904年从军。1943.1.31授陆军元帅。毕业于普鲁士武备学校、利希菲尔德军事学院。担任过No.16集团军司令、zhong yang集团军群司令、德国西北部德军集团司令。参加过一战、二战。死于英国战俘营。

23、邓尼茨(1891~1980)出生于知识份子家庭。1910年从军。1943.1.31授海军元帅。毕业于弗伦斯堡——莫威克海军学校。担任过德国海军总司令兼潜艇部队司令、德国国家元首兼武装部队最高统帅。参加过一战、二战。被判处10年徒刑。

24、保卢斯(1890~1957)出生于平民家庭。1909年从军。1943.1.31授陆军元帅。毕业于普鲁士武备学校。担任过德军副总参谋长、第六集团军司令。参加过一战、二战。投降被俘。

25、里希特霍芬(1895~1945)出生于贵族家庭。1913年从军。1943.2.11授空军元帅。毕业于哈雷航空学校、利希菲尔德军事学院。担任过第四航空队司令、第二航空队司令。参加过一战、西班牙内战、二战。病死于美军战俘营。

26、莫德尔(1891~1945)出生于中产阶级家庭。1909年从军。1944.3.31授陆军元帅。担任过北方集团军群司令、北乌克兰集团军群司令、zhong yang集团军群司令、西线德军总司令、驻法国b集团军群司令。参加过一战、二战。自杀身亡。

27、舍尔纳(1892~1973)1914年从军。1945.4.3授陆军元帅。担任过南乌克兰集团军群司令、北方集团军群司令、zhong yang集团军群司令、陆军总司令。参加过一战、二战。曾在苏联监禁10年,获释后定居西德。1957年又被判刑4年半,1960年因健康原因获释。

28、格赖姆(1892~1945)出生于军人世家。1912年从军。1945.4.26授空军元帅。毕业于巴伐利亚军事学院。担任过第六航空队司令、空军总司令。参加过一战、二战。在战俘营服毒自尽。

Army Group of Nazi Germany

In World War II, the Army Group was the highest-level combat unit of the Nazi German Armed Forces and played a huge role in the command of the German Army. The commanders of the Army Group were mostly field marshals and generals.The army group of the German army is usually deployed in a theater or a strategic direction, deployed on a designated battlefield, and completes major military tasks of strategic significance alone or with friendly and neighboring forces of the same level. It usually consists of 2 to 4 field armies, 1 A tank group (group army) and a reserve corps of the command headquarters.In addition, it is assigned an air force in combat.

集团军群下属的野战集团军、坦克集群均由3至5个军组成,个别情况下也可编6个军。整个集团军群通常有35到50个师,有时有更多的步兵师、坦克师和摩托化师,装备有9千到一万五千门火炮和迫击炮,500到1000辆坦克和强击火炮,以及500到1500架作战飞机。总兵力一般为20至70万人,指挥官多由元帅和大将担任。

During the entire war, Germany saw as many as 32 army group designations used in field battles, and 16 army groups appeared on the Soviet-German battlefield alone.

[-].a Group Army Group

The army group was formed three times throughout the war:

1.1939年10月由参加了波兰战役的“南方”集团军群改编而成,总司令为格尔德.冯.伦德斯泰特元帅。法兰西会战结束后不久撤消。1941年4月重新改编为南方集团军群(参见南方集团军群2)。

2.1942年7月6ri,xtl下令将苏德战场的南方集团军群分成“a”和“b”两个集团军群,该集团军群在南高加索方向作战。1944年4月改称南乌克兰集团军群(参见南乌克兰集团军群)。历任总司令为威廉.利斯特元帅(1942.7-1942.9)、阿道夫xtl(兼)(1942.9.9-11)和埃瓦尔德.冯.克莱斯特元帅(1942.11-1944.3)。

3.1944年9月23ri由北乌克兰集团军群改编而成,总司令为约瑟夫.哈尔佩大将。1945年1月26ri改称zhong yang集团军群(参见zhong yang集团军群2)。

[-]. Group B Army Group

Formed three times:

1.1939. Formed after the Polish campaign in 1940, the commander-in-chief was Marshal Ferdo von Burke.Great victories in the French campaign. In 1, the Group Army Group Headquarters moved to the Soviet-German border and was reorganized into the Central Yang Group Army Group Headquarters. (see zhong yang group army group [-])

2.1942蔫月6ri,在苏联战场由南方集团军群分编而成,历任总司令为伯克元帅(1942.7)和马克西米利安.冯.魏克斯元帅(1942.7-1943.2)

3.1943年8月在意大利北部组建,历任总司令为隆美尔元帅(1943.8-1944.8)和沃尔特.莫德尔元帅(1944.8-1945.4)

Three.c Army Group

was formed twice

1.1939. In August 8, it was formed on the Ziefiger Line of Defense. The commander, Marshal Ritter von Leib, was responsible for the defense of the West at the beginning of the war. In 1941 it was reorganized into the Northern Army Group (see Northern Army Group 2).

2.1943年11月在意大利南部组建,历任总司令为阿尔贝特.凯塞林元帅(1943.11-1945.3)和冯.菲廷霍夫.谢尔大将(1945.3-1945.5)

Two of the above-mentioned three army groups participated in the Polish campaign and the Western Front campaign (Army Group B, Army Group B), and Army Group C participated in the Western Front Campaign. It belonged to the elite field army group of the German army and became the Soviet-German battlefield in the future. The main force in the world, its combat effectiveness can be said to be the best in the German army.

Four.d Army Group

于1940年10月25ri在法国巴黎组建,指挥法国、比利时和荷兰的德国部队,1944年划如新组建的b集团军群。历任总司令为埃尔温.冯.维茨勒本元帅(1940.10-1942.3)和冯伦德斯泰特元帅(1942.3-1944.5)。

V. Army Group e

The army group was expanded from the 1942th Army in the Balkans at the end of 1943 and the beginning of 12. It was mainly responsible for fighting the Yugoslav army. The commander-in-chief, General Alexander Lehr.

Sixth Army Group f

It was formed in the Balkans in September 194. It also serves as the German Southeast Command to command the German troops in the area. The commander-in-chief is Marshal von Weicks.

The above three group army groups basically belonged to the troops stationed in the occupied areas. It can be said that they could not be called field troops. Of course, their combat effectiveness was greatly reduced, so they did not play any major role in the war.In the later period of the war, they were basically annihilated or surrendered by the Allied forces.

[-].G Group Army Group

于1944年5月12ri在法国南部组建,历任总司令为约翰内斯.布拉斯科维茨上将(1944.5-9)、赫尔曼.巴尔克装甲兵上将(1944.9-12)、约翰内斯.布拉斯科维茨上将(1944.12-1945.1)、保罗.豪塞尔党卫队大将(1945.1-1945.4)、弗里德里希.舒尔茨步兵上将(1945.4-1945.5)。

Eighth Army Group

1944年9月在西线北部组建。1945年4月6ri撤消番号,隶属德国西线总司令部。历任总司令为库尔特.斯徒登特大将(1944.11-1945.1)、约翰内斯.布拉斯科维茨大将。

The two army groups introduced above are the army groups formed for the defense of the Atlantic Wall at the end of the war. At this time, Nazi Germany was at the end of its rope. It was basically wiped out by the Allies in the 1945 battle.

[-]. Northern Army Group

The Army Group was formed three times:

1.1939. Formed on the eve of the March Invasion Expo in 1939, Marshal von Burke, the commander in chief, was reorganized into the German Zhong Yang Army Group in September 9 after the end of the Polish Campaign (see Zhong Yang Group Army Group 1).

2.1941年入侵苏联前夕由c集团军(参见c集团军群1)群改编而成,一直在东线战场北翼作战,担负由东普鲁士想波罗的海沿岸各国和列宁格勒防线的突击任务。1945年1月该部改编为库尔兰集团军群(参见库尔兰集团军群)。历任总司令为里特尔.冯.莱布元帅(1941.6-1942.1)、屈希勒尔元帅(1942.1-1944.1)、莫德尔元帅(1944.1-1944.3)、林德曼大将(1944.3-1944.7)弗里斯纳大将(1944.7)、舍尔纳元帅(1944.8-1945.1)。

3.1945年1月26ri由zhong yang集团军群改编而成,1945年2月在东普鲁士惨败后解散。历任总司令为洛塔尔.伦杜利克大将(1945.1-1945.3)和瓦尔特.魏斯大将(1945.3-1945.4)。

[-]. Army Group South

Formed four times during the war:

1.1939年8月入侵波兰前夕组建,总司令格尔德.冯.伦德斯泰特元帅。波兰战役结束后,于1939年10月改编为a集团军群(参见a集团军群1)。

2.苏德战争前夕由a集团军群组建,负责苏德战场南翼作战任务。1942年7月分编为a、b两个集团军群。历任总司令为格尔德.冯.伦德斯泰特元帅(1941.6-1941.12)、沃尔特.冯.赖歇瑙元帅(1941.12-1942.1)、冯.伯克元帅(1942.1-1942.7)。

3.1943. In March 1944, it was adapted from the Don Army Group, and the commander-in-chief was Marshal Erich von Manstein. After the Ukrainian War in [-], it was renamed the North Ukrainian Army Group.

4.1944年9月23ri由南乌克兰集团军群改编而成,1945年4月4月改编成厄斯特马克集团军群。历任总司令官为约翰内斯.弗里斯纳大将(1944.9-1944.12)、奥托.韦勒上将(1944.12-1945.3)和洛塔尔.伦杜利克大将(1945.4-1945.5)。

Eleven. Zhong Yang Group Army Group

The Army Group was formed twice:

1.苏德战争爆发前由b集团军群改编而成,总司令伯克元帅。该集团军群系进攻苏联的主力军团,长期在东线zhong yang地段作战,参加了莫斯科会战和库尔斯克战役,战争初期屡次围歼苏军重兵集团。1945年1月改称北方集团军群,历任总司令为伯克元帅(1941.6-1941.12)、克鲁格元帅(1941.12-1943.10)、恩斯特.布施元帅(1943.10-1944.6)、沃尔特.莫德尔元帅(1944.6-1944.8)、汉斯.莱因哈特大将(1944.8-1945.1)。

2.1945. On January 1, 26, it was adapted from Army Group A, with Marshal Ferdinand Schörner as commander-in-chief. In 1945, it was surrounded by Soviet troops in Czechoslovakia and Bohemia.

[-]. Don Army Group

于1942年1月组建,总司令为曼施泰因元帅担负斯大林格勒的解围作战行动,战役后于1943年2月改编为南方集团军群(参见南方集团军群3)。

These four army groups participated in almost all of Germany's battles on the European battlefield, and it can be said that they have experienced hundreds of battles.It was these German troops that caused unprecedented disasters to the Soviet army in the early days of the Soviet-German War.Leaving aside the factor of Germany's surprise attack at the beginning of the war, the fact that the German army was able to cause huge losses to the Soviet Union in the Soviet-German War was inseparable from their rich combat experience and excellent military quality.Especially those excellent military commanders, their superb military command ability is amazing.

[-]. Army Group Africa

The Army Group was established in Tunisia in February 1943. Its predecessor was the German African Army, Commander-in-Chief Erwin Rommel, and was soon succeeded by General Hans-Jürgen von Arnim. Annihilated by the Allies in the Battle of Tunisia.

The African Legion once achieved brilliant victories under the command of Marshal Rommel, but due to various reasons (mainly xtl's reasons) the disparity in the balance of power between the two sides was caused, so its demise is inevitable.

[-]. Army Group South Ukraine

1944年4月5ri由a集团军群(参见a集团军群3)改称而成,1944年9月23ri又改编为南方集团军群(参见南方集团军群4)历任总司令费迪南德.舍尔纳元帅(1944.3-7)和约翰内斯.弗里斯纳大将。

[-]. North Ukraine Army Group

1944年4月5ri又南方集团军群(参见南方集团军群3)改称而成,1944年9月改编为a集团军群(参见a集团军群3)历任总司令沃尔特.莫德尔元帅(1944.3-8)和约瑟夫.哈尔佩大将(1944.9-1945.1)

At this time, the comparison of war forces is already one-sided. The role of these two army groups can only delay the pace of Germany's defeat.Nevertheless, the frenzied resistance of the German army cost the Soviet army a heavy price on the road to victory.

[-]. Army Group Vistula

It was formed on the 1945th of January 25 to undertake the task of defending West Prussia, Polamini and Berlin. In April, the group army participated in the Battle of Berlin, and most of them were wiped out. They were expected to flee to the Western Front and surrender to the Allies.The successive commander-in-chiefs were Heinrich Himmler (4-1945.1), General Gerhard Heinrich (3-1945.3) and General Kurt Student (4-1945.4 did not arrive) Infantry General Kurt von Tipperskirch (5, acting)

[-]. Courland Army Group

1945年1月26ri又北方集团军群(参见北方集团军群2)改称而成,困守库尔兰半岛直至战争结束。历任总司令为洛塔尔.伦杜利克大将(1945.1)、菲廷霍夫上将(1945.1-1945.3)、伦杜利克大将(1945.3-1945.4)和卡尔.希尔佩特大将(1945.4-1945.5)。

[-]. Ostermark Army Group

In April 1945, it was adapted from the Southern Army Group (see Southern Army Group 4), and the commander-in-chief was General Lothar Rendulik. In 4, it was surrounded by Soviet troops in Czechoslovakia and Bohemia.

[-]. East Prussian Army Group

Formed in April 1945, the commander-in-chief is General Dietrich Schauken, who is in charge of operations in East Prussia and the Vistula River Delta. It surrendered to the Soviet Army on the 4th of January 1945. Formed German units that surrendered.

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