Emperor Ming's grandson

Chapter 48 Answer from Teacher Jiang

In the afternoon of autumn, the small bell-like sycamore fruits of the French plane tree fell one after another, and the sycamore catkins fluttered in the breeze, forming a unique scenery on the campus of the provincial capital university.

Zhu Xiongying held a bag of fresh fruit in his hand and walked through the campus paths towards the teacher's apartment. He had originally thought that Teacher Jiang, as the deputy director of the department, would have a separate house and live in the family area of ​​​​the school not far away. Unexpectedly, I still live in the faculty apartment next to the graduate student apartment.

After going up to the fifth floor, the door on the right was not closed at all. Zhu Xiongying's eyes quickly swept across the living room, which was not large, and could even be said to be a little cramped, and finally settled on Jiang Xinghuo and a strange old man.

The two of them were sitting opposite each other, one on the sofa and the other on the horse, and they were focused on playing against each other on the chessboard.

"Teacher Jiang."

Jiang Xinghuo heard the commotion and saw Zhu Xiongying standing at the door, with a warm smile on his face and asked him to sit down.

"Classmate Xiao Zhu is here. Please sit down for a moment. I will finish this game of chess soon."

Jiang Xinghuo said, looking back at the chessboard.

Zhu Xiongying smiled and nodded, indicating that he was not in a hurry. In fact, he was indeed not in a hurry. When there are no classes, college life is basically equivalent to herding sheep.

Zhu Xiongying sat at the other end of the "L" shaped sofa, quietly watching the match between the two.

However, as time passed, Zhu Xiongying couldn't help but feel speechless. The two people's chess skills did not seem to be as superb as he had expected. In other words, they were completely inconsistent with their appearance of being unpredictable and strategizing. Not as good as those old men in his hometown town.

However, there are also differences between the bad chess baskets.

Jiang Xinghuo seemed to have noticed something was wrong with his chess game, and his eyes began to become a little wandering. He glanced at Zhu Xiongying from time to time, as if seeking some kind of help.

Finally, after an obvious mistake, Jiang Xinghuo couldn't help but speak: "Classmate Xiao Zhu, do you know how to play chess? Why don't you come and help me play for a while while I go to the bathroom."

Zhu Xiongying smiled secretly when he heard this. He understood that Teacher Jiang wanted to find an excuse to leave temporarily to avoid losing the game, but he didn't mind helping to take over this mess.

So, Zhu Xiongying nodded and agreed, moved his buttocks on the sofa, and sat down where Jiang Xinghuo was.

After a fierce fight that could not be called fierce, Zhu Xiongying successfully regained his disadvantage. At the critical moment when he was about to win, he suddenly coughed and signaled Teacher Jiang to come back and take over.

Jiang Xinghuo came out of the bathroom with his mobile phone and took a look at the situation on the chessboard, with a satisfied smile on his face. He took over Zhu Xiongying's position and made a move that hit the opponent's vital point.

Seeing that the defeat was decided on the chessboard, the old man shook his head helplessly: "You're such a shameless kid."

"Hey, Lao Zhao, what do you mean by this? I'm willing to admit defeat."

"Okay, okay, it's just a picture."

After saying that, the old man stood up and packed up the chess pieces on the chessboard.

"Dean Zhao of our School of Physics, Vice Chairman of the Municipal Calligraphers Association."

Jiang Xinghuo made an introduction, made Zhu Xiongying a cup of tea, and then pointed at the fruit: "Xiao Zhu, I won't accept the fruit. This is a matter of principle and cannot violate discipline. If you have anything to say, just say it directly. If you are missing a few daily points or something, I can help you deal with it as appropriate. If it is an academic exchange, you are more welcome."

Hearing this, Zhu Xiongying asked the doubts in his heart truthfully: "Teacher Jiang, I recently encountered two problems when studying the history of the Ming Dynasty. The first one is that the power of the prime minister seems to never disappear in the Ming Dynasty. , how did the power of the prime minister disappear? The second is if the Ming Dynasty did not die in the Little Ice Age, why did it die? "

After Jiang Xinghuo listened to Zhu Xiongying's question, he smiled slightly and said: "The first question is actually simple to say. The reason why the power of the prime minister did not disappear in the Ming Dynasty was because the emperors of the Ming Dynasty had to pay attention to the civil service group. Strength and role, and the reason here is that the economic base determines the superstructure. The economic base of the Ming Dynasty has been a standard large rural society since the Zhu Yuanzhang period. So if you say you don’t need these landlords who control the economic base, who will you use? So, the Ming Dynasty Although the emperors of the dynasty dispersed the power of the prime minister to strengthen the imperial power by establishing cabinets, factory guards and other institutions, and at the same time selected outstanding talents into the officialdom through the imperial examination system to ensure the mobility of the civil service group, in the final analysis, the economic foundation remained unchanged. Power will only be weakened, not disappear, so there is Zhang Juzheng's saying, 'I am not a prime minister, but a photographer.'"

"As for the disappearance of the power of the prime minister, it is a matter of the Qing Dynasty. The underlying logic is that the first identity of the Qing emperor was the Great Khan of Manchuria. The Eight Banners were a military organization as well as a political and economic organization. The Qing emperor used the Eight Banners to restrict the Han landlords, and the economic foundation It is different from the Ming Dynasty. In other words, it is precisely because the emperors of the Qing Dynasty did not completely rely on the previous economic foundation that they were able to transform the contradiction between imperial power and prime minister power into the contradiction between master and servant. The most typical one is that it seems that the prime minister's power , but it’s not the same thing as the Military Aircraft Department.”

"cough."

Dean Zhao looked at Zhu Xiongying who was taking notes on his mobile phone and coughed intentionally or unintentionally.

Now is the age of the Internet. If something is said in depth and the issue is pointed out thoroughly, it will easily cause controversy and then affect the teacher's personal future. What's more, what is said is too thorough. These college students with little social experience On the contrary, you may not be able to understand.

Jiang Xinghuo smiled, but instead of analyzing the deeper contradiction, he paused and said.

"In fact, the establishment of the Military Aircraft Department was not accidental, but a gradual process. It represented the evolution of the Qing emperor's strengthening of imperial power. For example, after the Qing army entered the customs, it downplayed the decision-making function of the cabinet. Later, during the Kangxi period, in order to decentralize the political affairs of the king, The power of the Council of Ministers established the South Study Room, and finally the Military Aircraft Department appeared during the Yongzheng period. The establishment of the Military Aircraft Department marked the absolute peak of imperial power. The Military Aircraft Minister seemed to be as powerful as the prime minister, but he was the emperor's personal secretary. The team, these military ministers and military discipline Zhang Jingda are of very low rank. They cannot even stand in front of the emperor. They can only upload and issue them in the form of "kneeling and receiving transcripts". Their power status comes entirely from the emperor's gift. The emperor Being able to give means that it can be taken away at any time, so the Military Aircraft Department is essentially more similar to an enhanced version of the Ming Dynasty's Director of Ceremonies, rather than the political hall and cabinet that could represent the power of the prime minister in the past."

After Zhu Xiongying had written everything down, Jiang Xinghuo continued.

(End of this chapter)