I, Zhu Houzhao, join the US imperialist chat group

Chapter 28 The Origin of the Two-Party System
“Federal and state rights at war?”

"A battle between industry and agriculture?"

In the office of the white house, Jackson frowned slightly. The causes of the Civil War summarized by Lincoln seemed to him to be a normal phenomenon at present.

Needless to say, there is no need to talk about party strife. He understands it deeply.

There was a fierce debate over the federal and state rights dispute at the beginning of his term, which even reached Congress. For this reason, a vice president even resigned.

The debate was initiated by his Vice President Calhoun.

Representing the interests of southern slave owners, he proposed a federal policy of increasing tariffs and advocated that southern states not comply with federal legislation to increase tariffs.

Because raising tariffs means that southern farmers will be economically oppressed, which will benefit northern industry.

This famous controversy broke out during Jackson's tenure.

He also parted ways with Vice President Calhoun, who resigned as vice president.

Because he thought that President Jackson, who was born in the South, would stand firmly on his side. Who would have thought that Jackson would stand in the position of president and resolutely uphold federal laws and regulations and maintain federal authority.

Calhoun felt Jackson had changed.

This caused the two to part ways.

This matter is essentially a dispute between the federal and state rights!

The essence of the federation is to consider the affairs of the country as a whole from a comprehensive perspective, and some policies will naturally harm the interests of a large number of states.

Naturally, there are also disputes between agriculture and industry.

This thing has indeed existed since the founding of the country. The federation can't solve it, and he can't solve it. I don't know how many arguments have broken out, but the problem has never been solved.

So, when conflicts accumulate to a certain extent, are they finally irreconcilable?

Jackson felt powerless about this, because this kind of enemy could not be seen, but he could witness his growth with his own eyes, and he was even a participant.

[American Taizu Washington: Lincoln, what do you say? Can you elaborate on this? 】

Washington still doesn't understand these three reasons.

[Supreme Group Leader: Time is running out. Lincoln, you’d better keep your story short and simple. 】

Regarding the three reasons summarized by Lincoln, Zhu Houzhao found it a bit novel. Combined with the previous development of the United States, party struggle can actually make the United States develop better and better. Zhu Houzhao had a lot of questions.

[ Mercer Lincoln: Okay, I’ll keep it simple. 】

After gathering his thoughts, Lincoln began to speak.

[The first is partisanship. As we all know... No, Louis XVI and the group owners may not know that at the beginning of the founding of the United States, except for President Washington, who was a nonpartisan, the remaining presidents were from both parties. When I came to the United States, most of the time the country was led by a two-party system. I don’t know how it will develop later. 】

[At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the two political parties were the Federalist Party and the National Democratic-Republican Party. 】

[The reason why there are political parties is that they have different concepts of governing the country. 】

[One is the Federalist Party, whose founders were Mr. Washington, your Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton, and Vice President Adams. This party advocates increasing the power of the federal government and the supremacy of national power over the power of states. 】

[The second Democratic-Republican Party was founded by Mr. Washington, your Secretary of State, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and Monroe. This party advocates that the federal government should not interfere too much in state affairs and build the United States into a large agricultural country. 】【The emergence of these two parties is a combination of the three contradictions I mentioned. 】

[The Federalist Party was quite powerful, and the second president, Adams, was a Federalist...]

[Unfortunately, when our country was founded, as Mr. Washington said before, the president was equivalent to a puppet and could not do anything. This inevitably led to the Federalist Party, which advocated increasing the power of the federal government, being unable to do anything and gaining the support of the majority of the people. support. 】

[So, President Jefferson and his Democratic-Republicans came to power next. He, the fourth President James Madison, and the fifth President Monroe were all from the Democratic-Republican Party. During these three presidents’ time in power, the federal government The party gradually declined. 】

[The sixth president, John Quincy Adams, inherited his father's legacy and inherited the legacy of the Federalist Party. He was successfully elected, but it was only a flash in the pan, and he was defeated by President Jackson from the Democratic-Republicans! 】

[It’s just that President Jackson was originally a Democratic-Republican Party, but when he was elected president, he did not receive the support of the majority of the party. Therefore, after becoming president, he fired some people who did not support him and reorganized the Democratic-Republican Party into the Democratic Party...]

[Meixuanzong Jackson: Haha, the Democratic-Republican Party is too big, and some people are too arrogant and not friendly at all. Naturally, they are not worthy of being in it. 】

Speaking of himself, Jackson immediately added that there is no such thing as a republic, so why call it the Democratic-Republican Party?

[Mercy Lincoln: Haha, speaking of arrogance, Mr. Jackson, aren’t you arrogant? Relying on the Democratic-Republican Party to come to power, and ultimately succeeding would be equivalent to disbanding the Democratic-Republican Party. Those who failed called you tyrannical, authoritarian, and Emperor Andrew I! 】

Lincoln also interacted for a while, and also added Jackson's nickname by the way.

The others didn't bother.

[American Xuanzong Jackson: Well, let’s continue talking about our dispute between the two parties. I will know later that some of the people who were kicked out of the party by me, and Adams’s unpopular Republican Party, founded the Whig Party. To resist my dictatorship! 】

[Mercy Lincoln: Yes... It's a pity that the Whigs were not very lucky. Although they defeated you in the end, two Whigs became president, but as I said before, Harrison, he only served as president. He served as president for 32 days, and another Whig, Zachary Taylor, only served as president for 16 months. The two presidents one after the other died in office. 】

[American Taizu Washington: Huh? 】

[Meixuanzong Jackson: Both of these two people died in office? this……】

Jackson was a little surprised. After all, Harrison and Zachary Taylor also had military backgrounds and had similar experiences to him. He didn't expect that their later years would be so uncertain.

[Louis XVI: I know the British Whigs! Do they advocate strengthening the constitutional monarchy? Deserve it! This kind of party should not exist! 】

Louis XVI felt very happy. After all, the Whig Party was targeting the constitutional monarchy from the very beginning. Which monarch would not be disgusted with it.

[Supreme Group Leader: This Whig party seems to have no destiny? Therefore, this kind of party should not exist! 】

It turned out that the party was established to limit the power of the monarch, and Zhu Houzhao immediately felt that he deserved it.

[Mercy Lincoln: Maybe this is fate. The two presidents of the Whig Party both died in office. Many people thought it was unlucky. Therefore... the subsequent presidents, up to me, were all created by Mr. Jackson. Democrats govern! 】

[Mercy Lincoln: And I was originally a Whig, but it’s hard to say what the Whigs said... We later formed a new political party, the Republican Party. I became the first president of the Republican Party. This is the partisan struggle that has accompanied our United States for 89 years! 】

What Lincoln didn't know was that since he became president as a Republican, America's two-party system... started with the Democratic Party founded by Jackson and the Republican Party started by him, and it will basically not change in the future.

Moreover, Lincoln didn’t know that from the time he served as the first Republican president, the next almost hundred years would be the period of the Republican Party, until... a guy named Roosevelt came to power.

[Mercy Lincoln: Most of the time, the two parties are in power together. If the leader of the party is the president, members of the other party will occupy fewer seats in the Senate, House of Representatives, and Congress. If when the party leader is in power, he causes some bad things to happen in the country...the seats of the opposition parties in Congress, Senate, and House of Representatives will increase...]

[And one of the primary reasons for the outbreak of the Civil War... was that after President Jackson and you Democrats failed to win the election, you were unconvinced and went to the South to incite trouble. After making trouble, a Confederate country was born...]

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(End of this chapter)