Siheyuan: Originally I just wanted to be a little transparent

Chapter 146: Mao Xiong’s Pot (can be skipped as a basis for climbing into science and technology)
Speaking of tolerances, it should be explained that the design tolerance and the manufacturing tolerance are different.

For example, Lin Shengli designed two matching gears A and B. In theory, the specifications and sizes of A and B should be exactly the same, but in fact, this is completely impossible, no matter how precise the processing technology and equipment are. , and there is no guarantee that the dimensions of every processed part will be exactly the same.

Then Lin Shengli will give indicators of processing accuracy when designing.

Processing accuracy refers to the degree of compliance between the actual geometric parameters (size, shape and position) of the parts after processing and the ideal geometric parameters. It is unreasonable for the accuracy to be too high or too low.

For example, when Lin Shengli designed the two gears this time, the size difference between A and B was less than 1, which would qualify as meeting the requirements.

Then leave this processing task to those masters at level 0.1 or [-]. The processing accuracy of these masters can basically reach [-] or even higher.

The biggest difference between the two final gears is A (+0.1) and B (-0.1), and the size difference is 0.2. You can just pick two of the finished gears and assemble them. The parts are also different. Completely interchangeable.

If this processing task is handed over to masters at level 1, [-], and [-], the processing accuracy of these masters can basically reach [-] or higher.

If the final product is randomly selected, it may be a combination of A(+1) and B(-1). If the size difference is 2, it will exceed the standard and cannot be assembled, and the parts cannot be completely interchangeable.

But the parts processed at this time are not unusable. For the specific size of each part A, the corresponding part B can be processed. For example, for the sample A (+0.7), the processed B is at (B+0.7 -1) and (B+0.7+1) can be used within the range of the standard, but when leaving the factory, they must be matched in pairs and cannot be installed randomly.

For example, if the fourth branch of the steel rolling mill wants to mass-produce new rolling mills in the future, it can use the classification and selection method to divide A into two grades: A (0~+1) and A (0-1). B can also be divided into two grades. Then the corresponding grades can be completely interchanged, but cannot be combined across grades.

However, this requires increased management of quality control classification and assembly classification, which involves issues of standardization and assembly lines.

As for handing over this processing task to first-, second- and third-level workers, Lin Shengli couldn't even think of it.

Those low-level technicians can work for you to the maximum tolerance of 10% on the parts they process.

At this time, the normal design of these two gears is useless, and the processed parts are basically useless.

The above methods are all relatively ideal methods in Lin Shengli's plan, but they can be used in current reality.

The quality control and classification management of the fourth branch cannot be said to be completely absent, but it can only be said to be a complete mess.

As for assembly lines and standardization, in this era, there is no such concept at all!
Many of the parts produced by the Fourth Branch Factory have not only one pair of matching dimensions, but also several or dozens of pairs of parameters. Even if they need to be used interchangeably, the difficulty has increased exponentially.

With those seventh- and eighth-level workers as the main force, large-scale production and processing is basically unrealistic.

Not to mention a fourth branch factory, but the entire steel rolling mill, there are so many skilled seventh- and eighth-level workers for you.

The most ideal situation now is to focus on those level [-], [-], and [-] workers and sacrifice processing costs, testing costs, and maintenance costs to produce results.

However, we still face one of the most important problems, which is the issue of standardization and assembly lines.

Let’s not talk about the assembly line first, let’s talk about standardization.

Not to mention the fourth branch factory and steel rolling mill, there is no such concept in the entire industrial system.

Now whether it is the fourth branch factory or the steel rolling mill, the production model classification is almost as good as no one at all.

For the processing of the same batch of workpieces, except for those precision and confidential parts, which will be specially processed by some eighth-level workers, other ordinary production tasks are evenly distributed.

For example, in a workshop, there are 5 production teams. If 1000 workpieces need to be processed today, each team will be assigned 200 workpieces.

The processing and production tasks of these 200 workpieces will then be evenly distributed to workers in each production team to complete them.

The staffing situation of each team is inherently uneven, and the technical level of each technician is also uneven.

For example, among workers in the same team, one is a second-level worker and the other is a seventh-level worker. Both of them are assigned the same work tasks, and both of them can complete the task of processing the workpiece.

However, due to the gap in technical levels, the accuracy of the workpieces processed is completely different.

The processing tasks completed by the second-level workers can only be said to be barely satisfactory, while the workpieces processed by the seventh-level workers are not only fast, but also of good quality, or can be said to be excellent.

But you can't say that the workpiece processed by a second-level worker cannot be used. If it is qualified, it does not mean that it cannot be used.

In the end, the only ones who pay for this huge tolerance are the final product and the user.

In the industrial system of flower growers, this kind of crude management and production model is completely imitated.

In the early days of the establishment of new flower growers, Mao Xiong provided comprehensive assistance to flower growers for a period of time. The scope of cooperation almost covered many fields such as raw materials, energy, machinery, electrical engineering, weapons, etc. It can be regarded as leading the direction of flower growers. own path to industrialization.

Although Mao Xiong has played a role in promoting the industrial development of flower growers, for flower growers, Mao Xiong taught us about industrialization and just helped us get on the horse. As for giving us a ride, Mao Xiong said: I am a concubine. It can't be done!
It is an indisputable fact that Mao Xiong and even today's Da Mao have a gap with Western developed countries in the technical field. I can make things, but I can't guarantee that they will be good.

After all, the rugged furry bear has always believed in the so-called "more, faster and less expensive".

The equipment does not require individual performance to be very high, but the quantity is overwhelming in the short term.

Coupled with the problem of uneven industrial development of the Mao Xiong family, the result is often that the quantity is large, but the quality control is impressive!
In fact, this situation has also been reflected in my rabbit for a long time, and it has also firmly cheated Yingjiang.

One of the most embarrassing things is that among the fighters exported to Yingjiang, the two fighters have many identical parts, but the tolerances are very large and cannot be universally interchangeable!

In fact, this blame has to be thrown to Mao Xiong, because that’s how you taught me in the beginning!
Different from Western standardization, due to technical limitations, Mao Xiong, including today's Da Mao, is relatively embarrassed in terms of standardization of parts production and assembly.

The most intuitive example is that when assembling Western fighter jets, the skeleton is used as the benchmark, and the skin is assembled after accurately positioning the fighter frame. Therefore, you can see that the fuselage surfaces of Western fighter jets are relatively smooth.But Mao Xiong's routine is just the opposite. The equipment is based on the designed skin shape, and is simply positioned. Then the skin is hammered and assembled, and if it is not possible, it is patched. In this way, the tolerance is guaranteed to be within a reasonable range. , it’s a very difficult thing.

This is why many fighter planes from Mao Xiong and even later generations of Da Mao always give people a sense of familiarity with a wrinkled fuselage, and they are still standardized!
In fact, in the 7s and 80s, our rabbit introduced standardized management processes from the West to improve the production and processing accuracy of its own fighter aircraft. Especially after playing with the Western skeleton assembly, the quality of the fighter aircraft has made a qualitative leap. .

Our J-H-7 series and J-10 series are typical cases.

Although the JH-7 may not be advanced in design, its assembly is accurate and its parts are standard. The average maintenance time is less than half of that of the J-H-8 in the same period.

Similarly, after the Su-27 was introduced into the country, there were problems with the fuselage skin and structural strength. After Shenfei, which did not know the truth, was localized, these problems were naturally transmitted to the 11 family.

At that time, the processing technology of the J-10J was comparable to that of Western fighters of the same generation. This was the difference between standard and non-standard.

And if there is no standardization, I am afraid that high-end toys such as the J-20 in future generations will only be a concept!
Seeing this, some people may say, wow, since this standardization is so good, then from now on, if we follow the Western standardization path, won't we develop faster?

This idea is really good, but it is not practical.

Lin Shengli can come up with various standardized methods and processes, but Lin Shengli also has it, but the current industrial base of flower growers is simply unbearable.

The industrial model of Mao Xiong was very suitable for flower growers at this time.

A complete industrial system can be quickly built through relatively simple technologies.

Just like you book friends playing games, novice missions can never be hellish, otherwise the game will crash before it even starts.

Today's flower growers are learning to develop an industrial system based on the bear as a reference, which means the same thing. But similarly, we can't always stay in Xinshou Village, right?

When you start formal leveling, the difficulty of the game increases, and the skills in the novice village no longer work. Therefore, you have to use new technologies to enrich yourself.

Mao Xiong taught us that industrialization essentially solves the problem of "is it good or not", but to solve the problem of "is it good or not" can't rely on Mao Xiong's routine. It must be improved by learning the "standardization" of the West.

For today's flower growers, if they want to develop more rapidly, they need industrialization and standardization to go hand in hand.

After learning the advantages of the Mao Xiong industrial model, we added the precision and high standards of Western industrial production.

Only then did the equipment produced by flower growers in later generations have an international image of "democratic craftsmanship and authoritarian power"!

In the past, flower growers still had to touch the eagle sauce to cross the river, but now, with Lin Shengli, they can directly save the process of touching the eagle sauce bit by bit. Now they can directly pluck out the eagle sauce's hair. It’s all done!

Lin Shengli's various actions now are telling Yingjiang, Yingjiang, hurry up and find a better beach, and wait for our flower growers to shoot you to death on it!
After talking about standardization, let’s talk about the issue of assembly lines.

Only by first implementing the assembly line production model can we promote subsequent standardization.

But it is not an easy task for flower growers in this era to run an assembly line.

This is not to say that the assembly line is difficult to implement. The technology and process are relatively simple, and the benefits are obvious, but internal conflicts are prone to occur.

Why do you say that?
Let’s first talk about the benefits and what an assembly line is.

The assembly line is a production method that divides production into many steps, with each position focusing on one step.

The assembly line first appeared in 1769. In his ceramics factory, an Englishman broke down the ceramic making process, which was originally completed by only one person, into more than a dozen processes. Each process was responsible for a dedicated person. This is the assembly line. prototype.

The assembly line is the main production method of modern manufacturing production because it can maximize work efficiency, save manpower and save costs.

For factories, especially the Fourth Branch Factory, they may focus on producing the new rolling mill developed by Lin Shengli in the future, a factory with a single product.

If the assembly line model is used for production, the overall production efficiency and capacity can be at least doubled.

It can also reduce the excessive dependence on high-level technicians and allow more low-level technicians to play a greater role.

It can improve work efficiency, increase production capacity, and save costs without increasing manpower. This is a huge benefit to the factory. Each leader in the factory will also receive corresponding credit. Factory leaders We will definitely support the establishment of assembly lines.

After talking about the benefits, we have to talk about why, in this era, flower growers operating assembly lines will arouse internal conflicts.

First of all, today's flower growers are in the era of planned economy and eating from a big pot.

This big pot of rice is a metaphor for the phenomenon of egalitarianism in distribution.

Take the steel rolling mill as an example. This big pot includes two aspects:

First, factories eat from the country's "big pot", that is, regardless of whether the factory is operating well or not, making profits or losing money, wages will still be paid, and the company's total wages are out of touch with its operating results;
Second, employees eat from the factory's "big pot." That is, within the factory, no matter how much or how little employees do, whether they work well or poorly, it will not affect individual wage distribution. There is serious egalitarianism in wage distribution.

After implementing this assembly line operation, although the efficiency and production capacity of the factory have increased, the labor intensity of workers may also increase, but the wages of workers have not increased accordingly.

Once this assembly line is built, the labor cost will be reduced, and the annual recruitment quota of the steel rolling mill will be reduced accordingly, and those temporary workers in the factory will have even fewer opportunities to become regular workers.

Moreover, since the positions in the assembly line are fixed, it is difficult for workers in corresponding positions to learn other skills, which is not conducive to the improvement of technician levels. Otherwise, it will easily lead to a shortage of high-level technicians!

Apart from the support of superiors and factory leaders, the workers and masters may not understand this standardized assembly line, and may even have great resistance!
(End of this chapter)