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"From the time when Yang Jian put down the rebellion in 580, he took up the position of auxiliary minister, to when he accepted Emperor Beijing's abdication in 581, he completed the magnificent transformation from minister to emperor in less than two years, which fully proves the "30 years" Hedong will become Hexi in 30 years, and the future will be filled with endless variables.”

"Although Yang Jian became the emperor at that time and had a powerful army, Yang Jian was not in a hurry to unify the world. His first priority was to recuperate, select and appoint talents, and strengthen policies. He waited like this for 8 years."

"It wasn't until eight years later in AD 589 that the powerful Sui Dynasty sent the famous generals Han Qinhu and He Ruobi to command an army of 50, and broke through the Yangtze River at the Thousand Miles of Defense Line, annihilating the mediocre and chaotic Chen Dynasty and completing the unification of the world."

"After hundreds of years of turmoil in which the country was divided, the people finally got a chance to breathe."

"Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty implemented a series of policies that were conducive to the people living and working in peace and contentment and engaging in production, so the early Sui Dynasty presented a prosperous age."

"In the first year of Kaihuang's reign, the population was less than 400 million. After the Chen Kingdom was pacified, the population increased by 200 million. By the 20th year of Kaihuang's reign, the country's population had reached 890 million."

"In just 20 years, the population has grown so much, which can only be said to be the result of peace in the world."

"In an agricultural country like the Flower Country, an increase in population means political stability and an increase in productivity. Emperors of all generations have praised this phenomenon as their own merit."

"In fact, the turmoil and peace in feudal society can indeed be reflected by the increase or decrease in population."

"The rule of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty was indeed good from the mainstream point of view. In his hands, he established a system that many future generations followed."

“In a sense, although the Sui Dynasty was short, like the Qin Dynasty, it created many foundations of historical significance. If the Sui Dynasty is the starting point of medieval history, then the achievements of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty have the characteristics of the times that carry forward the past and the future. "

"For example, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty re-established the official system of central power based on the old system of Han and Wei, which had many benefits and losses. The system of three provinces and six ministries separated the decision-making and execution of major national affairs."

"Zhongshu Sheng has the power of command, the Minister of Menxia has the power of refutation, and the Minister of Secretariat has the power of execution."

"Six departments including officials, households, rituals, soldiers, punishments, and industry are established under the Shangshu Province to further refine the central government, each performing its own duties and complementing and supervising each other."

"Reforming the military system of the government to implement a conscription system for all citizens, promoting the integration of soldiers and farmers, integrating male males of appropriate age into a strict military organization, and establishing a strong military force."

"After Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty established the Sui Dynasty, on the one hand, he eliminated and killed the Northern Zhou royal group and the Yuwen family palace, eliminating the consequences of the Xianbei rebellion. On the other hand, he killed the founding fathers and heroes, eliminated the resistance, and consolidated centralization of power. .”

“The official reform of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty was another change in the feudal centralized central institutions. The result was that it helped the formulation and implementation of policies and strengthened the power of the central government. Each dynasty after the Sui Dynasty basically followed the six-ministry system. "

"Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty also strengthened the punishment of corrupt and illegal officials, established a good administrative style for officials at all levels, and a clean and honest political environment, forming a group of honest and diligent officials, which laid the foundation for the political, economic, and military development of the Sui Dynasty. The basics are good on the phone.”

"The nine-grade Zhongzheng system for selecting scholars since the Three Kingdoms has been abolished, and each state has made three annual tributes. Scholars are selected through examinations, which is the prototype of the imperial examination system."

"Secondly, the Sui Dynasty accumulated a large amount of grain in just a few decades, becoming one of the dynasties with the largest grain reserves in history."

“After Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty unified the north and the south, he inherited and developed the land equalization system established during the period of Emperor Xiaowen, overthrew the land ownership system left by large landlords in the south, implemented the land equalization system based on family monogamy throughout the country, and obtained the prescribed land The mulberry fields and the payment of rents realize a fair system of land distribution to the greatest extent.”

"It has greatly mobilized the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the farmers, increased labor productivity and food production, and improved the household registration system and tax system through the method of large-scale registration and loss of registration, provided a large number of hidden labor forces, and promoted the economy With its development, it has accumulated abundant material wealth, and the grain reserves can last for 50 years." "Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty established a complete system of grain accumulation. The central grain reserves were full, so he set up local granaries and opened a road to Chang'an. Go to the Guangtong Canal at Chengguan and build granaries in various places. The grain reserves were originally used in years of famine. In the years of floods and droughts, the grain from the granaries should be used to provide relief to the people."

"After the 24-year rule of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, social stability, economic development, and cultural renaissance were achieved, which is called the rule of the Kaihuang."

"Like Taizu of the Song Dynasty, the policies reformed by Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty also had misunderstandings."

"And his greatest achievement is to end 368 years of wars and disputes, royal divisions, warlords' melees, and feudal feudal regimes. He achieved the goal of long-term separation, established a unified feudal dynasty, re-established the autocratic monarchy, and re-established the Han nationality. The ruling status of the Hu people ended the dictatorship of the Hu people and returned to the orthodox status of Central Plains thought and culture as well as the Central Plains Han people."

"After you finish speaking, continue."

"In the reign of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, we can not only see many achievements, but also see hidden dangers that contradict this."

"Later generations often overly blame the tyranny of Emperor Yang, the second master, but they don't know that tragedy and death began during the reign of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty. Behind many achievements of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty, disasters lurked. But the biggest mistake was simply choosing the wrong successor. .”

"Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty should be recognized by everyone for his ability to accumulate wealth and his diligence and frugality."

"And Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty made this mistake, accumulating money but not knowing how to use it?"

"Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty was like a stingy miser who kept hoarding wealth but didn't know how to use it."

"He ordered the granaries not to be opened casually unless ordered by the emperor. The wealth he accumulated not only became a heavy burden on the people, but also later became the basis for Emperor Sui Yang's extravagance."

"Moreover, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty was not only stingy with money for the people, but also ordered frugality within the court and between his father and his son."

"As a feudal emperor, frugality is a rare virtue. In this regard, Emperor Wen was indeed outstanding."

"During his reign, frugality prevailed throughout the court."

"Qin King Yang Jun was dismissed by Emperor Wen because he was extravagant and indulged in sex and overhauled the palace during his tenure as the governor of Bingzhou."

"Yue Wang Yang Xiu was also deposed as a commoner because of extravagance and tyranny."

"Prince Yang Yong was very beautiful and doted on the palace maids. He gradually lost the favor of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty and Queen Dugu, and was eventually deposed as a commoner."

"Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty's strict requirements for his children and grandchildren are undoubtedly beyond the reach of many feudal emperors."

(End of this chapter)