In the Southern Song Dynasty, I competed with Mongolia for the world

Chapter 100 Making 1000 Million Coins in Ten Days
This matter is relatively easy to handle. Zhao Yurui has a good relationship with many middle and high-level officials of the Imperial City Division now, and the official position of the bureau is low, so this matter can be settled without alarming the top leaders. Promoting Qian Bin is not easy.

Of course, now he has Shi Miyuan behind him, and he can handle it when necessary, but it is really unnecessary to use Shi Miyuan for the transfer of such a low-level official.

At this time, Zhang Song saw Zhao Yurui throwing himself [-] guan every year in exchange for detaining officials and officials. He silently thought that Zhao Yurui wanted to mint copper coins privately.

At this time in the Southern Song Dynasty, private casting of copper coins was quite profitable, and there were people doing it everywhere. In some places, officials of the coin casting department even colluded with the merchants below.

Zhang Song thought to himself, as long as I don't know about this matter, it's none of my business, King Yi will definitely pay dividends to Shi Xiang.

Even if the Dongchuang incident happened, Qin Zhuo, King Yi and Shi Miyuan would definitely push it away.

What's more, over the years, private money was minted everywhere in the Southern Song Dynasty, and no one has ever heard of it.

Thinking about it this way, Zhang Song naturally felt at ease with the money.

Zhang Song arrived in the afternoon and left contentedly in the evening. In less than a month, the new appointment arrived in Yongping Town. Quan Yong was responsible for making money and making money. Inside, with a group of youths from the palace.

Zhao Yurui stayed there for about five days, first collected a large sum of money from the Ma family, and then watched Qin Dong and Quan Yong recruit people everywhere.

Qindong reformed the mining system, in the form of employment contract, one contract for each household (the household must have at least one adult and strong), including food and housing, one month for a strong adult, three hundred for the elderly, two hundred for the young, and two for the girl. For Baiwen, everyone from 12 years old up to 50 years old is counted as wages. Although younger and older people are not counted as wages, they are also provided for food.

All of a sudden, there was a cloud of responders, all of whom came from all directions with their families and mouths. It took only three months to collect signatures from 4000 households, of which [-] were strong adults, and the total number of people was close to [-]. .

According to Zhao Yurui's idea, every one hundred households is a group, and it is guaranteed to have at least a hundred strong people. Some households have a large population, and there are even two strong and three strong. There are team leaders and deputy team leaders, and the salary is extra , Semi-annual assessment.

Houses and fences are built on the periphery of the mine, and various places are delineated inside. The major functional groups cannot go to other places at will. The management is militarized and quite strict.

The eastern part of the mine is near Yongping Town, and a special area has been circled, which is planned to be used for making money by myself in the future.

A few days later, Zhao Yurui, Qin Zhuo and others came to a remote mine in the east.

This mine is relatively large and only produces lead ore. Lead ore and tin ore are secondary materials for copper coins in the Southern Song Dynasty.

When mining lead in the past, a large mine was dug here, and now it is going to be used as a place for making copper coins, but Zhao Yurui and the others have to make some preparations, recruit workers, and they are not allowed to go out, eat and live in the mine, Among them, the tin ore was transported from another mine in Qin Zhuo, which is also in Xinzhou.

Xinzhou has a lot of mines, and the coal mines are only a dozen miles away. It is really a good place to practice copper coins.

The mine has been cleaned, and there is a pool dug inside to store water. This is groundwater. When the mine was dug, it came out of the ground. It is like well water. It effectively provides the water here and solves the problem of casting money. a great difficulty.

There are some instruments on the scene, all of which were used by Qin Zhuo when he made coins. Because they have not been used for a long time, many of them are obsolete, and they will be refurbished or remade later.

A few craftsmen came to the scene today, all of whom made money for Qin Zhuo in the past, and demonstrated it to Zhao Yurui face to face.

"Since ancient times, there have been no more than three methods of making money—" Qin Zhuo was very familiar with it, and introduced it to Zhao Yurui.

In ancient times, there were fan casting method, overlapping casting method, mother money casting method and mechanism method. The final mechanism method was not available until the Qing Dynasty.

In the Tang Dynasty, the mother money founding method was adopted, which is the current method.

The sand-turning method is divided into four steps: making money models (that is, mother money), making models, fixing models and casting coins.

The first step: making money molds.A piece of copper (or other material) is manually carved into a money shape (that is, the carving mother), and then the carving mother turns several coins (that is, the mother money) first, and uses them as a money mold for casting money.

Step [-]: Make a model.Fix the wooden frame, fill the wooden frame with sand, place the money mold, and then stack another wooden frame filled with sand on it, turn over the front and back models, then take out the mother money, and make the sprue , sprue, sprue. (The sandy soil here refers to very fine plant ash and very fine river sand. A small amount of sand should be used so that there will not be a large number of trachoma)
The third step: the model is fixed.Stack the face model (the front model of the copper coin) and the back model (the model of the back of the copper coin) together, and then tie them up and fix them.

Step [-]: Casting coins.Fill the molten copper with a crucible and pour it at the casting port.After cooling, open the fan to take out the money, and then clean, trim and polish the coin, and the casting of the coin is completed.Since the sand mold no longer needs to be slowly dried in the shade and baked, the production efficiency has been greatly improved.

The coin blanks taken from the sand molds of ancient coins are often tree-shaped and need to be processed and polished. Since the shape of ancient coins is a square hole and a circle, the coin blanks cast out are strung on the same square rod and rotated to polish at the same time. , The file marks left on the edge of the coin are not in a straight line, but in an arc shape, parallel to the edge of the coin.

This has just caused aforementioned, [-]% fire consumption.

Officials believe that a lot of copper powder and copper will be lost when grinding, so it is allowed to use up to [-]% of the fire consumption, which is convenient for officials to fill their pockets. This is also one of the important reasons why official money is easy to lose money.

This will make money more efficient, and the most time-consuming thing is the grinding later, but anyone can do it, even young men and women.

Because it is privately cast, it does not need such excellent quality. Anyway, when you go to the market, experienced people can see that it is privately cast, and use it the same.

"How long does it take to cast [-] guan?" Zhao Yurui asked while watching and listening to the explanation.

Let's look at the second volume of Zhang Shinan's "You Huan Ji Wen" in the Southern Song Dynasty, which records the coin casting situation of Qichun Prison at that time, that is, "from May to July, the number is iron ice, and the cost of four is ten; iron charcoal is slightly more expensive. Six can be cast into ten, and the labor and employment fees are all there. There are three orders of labor: sand mold making; 300 yuan. One year old works for nine months, and you can get 27 yuan."

This passage shows that casting coins includes several processes, namely: making money molds (that is, mother coins), making molds, fitting the molds and fixing them, and then melting the metal material into liquid and casting them into the money molds; .

According to the calculation of a money casting supervisor, 300 money miners are arranged every day, and 10 mints can be minted in 1000 days, that is, 27 million coins.Nine months of production in a year can cast [-] mint. (I don’t know why the other three months are not produced)

This string refers to one thousand coins. If the face value is ten coins, it is equivalent to 270 million strings.

Of course, in the two Song dynasties, coins were always minted with one, two, and three denominations, and five coins and ten coins were rarely cast, and I don't know why.

"300 people can mint 30 coins a month?" Zhao Yurui couldn't help being overjoyed when he heard that, "If we mint five coins and ten coins at face value, wouldn't it be possible to cast [-] coins a month?"

"You can say that." Qin Zhuo smiled wryly, but there is so little money in the market. If you go out in such a large amount, it doesn't mean telling others that I am making private money.

In the entire Song Dynasty, in the Northern Song Dynasty, only three emperors, Renzong's "Qingli Chongbao", Shenzong's "Xining Chongbao", Weizong's "Chongning Tongbao" and "Daguan Tongbao", cast ten and five denominations in four years money.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, only Ningzong's "Jiading Tongbao" has a face value of five characters.

The rest are all one, two, and three denominations.

So Zhao Yurui wanted to cast five and ten coins, but there were relatively few in the market, and casting them would be tantamount to telling others that I was private money.

But there is also a lot of this kind of private money among the people, and other people are also minting it. Anyway, everyone uses it the same way. When Zhao and Rui bought chickens in Shaoxing, they used Weizong as ten coins, which was private money.

Those who mint private money are mainly afraid that too much money will be minted, and they are afraid of being caught by the government.

But Zhao and Rui are not afraid of being caught.

"Let's make five and ten coins, which are worth a lot." Zhao and Rui laughed.

"Recruit three thousand households and divide them into ten groups."

Hiss, Qin Zhuo gasped when he heard that, if there were enough copper materials and other materials, it would still be worth casting five and ten coins, wouldn't it be millions of pens a month?
King Yi is crazy about money?
Of course, this copper material is definitely not enough.

Qin Zhuo immediately said: "Too many people may have nothing to do."

Because the imperial court officially used ten coins (Chongning Tongbao and Daguan Tongbao in Weizong's time), each weighing 14 catties and seven taels, copper nine catties seven taels, lead four catties 12 taels, and tin one catty nine taels Two coins, one catty five taels for fire removal, and each coin weighs three coins. Calculated, the proportions of copper, lead, and tin are 65.47%, 33.21%, and 7.41% respectively.The fire consumption is 10%, and each coin is about 11 grams. "The face value of one or two coins in the same period weighed three or four grams.

According to this ratio, 27 people cast 3000 mints a month, using 30 catties of copper materials, and 300 people cast [-] mints a month, using [-] million catties of copper materials.

As for the Xinzhou mine, which has just opened, I am afraid that it may not have 300 million catties a year.

"Not enough copper?" At first, Zhao Yurui thought about minting money crazily and making a fortune first, but he didn't expect to be hit in the face by reality, because there was not enough copper.

"That's okay." He immediately said: "Recruit people first, take turns casting, and master the procedures. Later, the production will increase, and it will be useful."

He still insisted on calling three thousand households to make money.

Qin Zhuo had no choice but to listen to Zhao Yurui.

Zhao Yurui didn't want to mint money by himself at first, but the local officials were replaced by their own people, and they supervised themselves, so this matter can be done.

At the same time that the Xinzhou Mine was restarted on a large scale, Zhao and Rui also returned to Lin'an early.

After running around for so many days, Zhao Yurui didn't feel exhausted, just sleeping was not as safe as at home, but he rode back and forth, and he was quite skilled in riding.

(End of this chapter)