Spoiler History: Starting from the Three Kingdoms

Chapter 319 Apple Goddess
[The Wuyalou Ship Warship is also called the Sui Wuya Warship today.

This kind of building warship originated in the Sui Dynasty. It was named Wuya because it had five floors. The ship was 55 meters long, 15 meters wide, had a draft of two meters and a half deep, and the height of the ship was about [-] meters.

This is a very typical ancient Chinese warship. The top floor is used for observation and command, and the lower four floors are used for troops.

In the Sui Dynasty, there were relatively few threats at sea, and they were basically small ships. Therefore, the initial firepower settings of the Wuyalou ships were basically designed to deal with light enemies.

Each floor is equipped with parapet arrow stacks, allowing soldiers to draw their bows and shoot enemies. The most important way to deal with enemy ships is to shoot with sticks.

The principle is also very simple. The racket pole is like a large mast with a huge boulder on it. When the rope is released during the battle, the boulder will naturally fall and directly smash the enemy ship.

The soldiers on the deck then turned the winch and used the pulley system to pull the racket up again, and then they could aim and shoot again.

The first version of the Wu Ya Lou ship was equipped with six sets of racket poles on the front, rear, left and right. When fighting, it rushed directly into the enemy fleet and fired in a six-pronged cycle. It was said to be unparalleled in power.

It's quite fun to imagine that it looks like a big insect.

After the Tang Dynasty inherited this type of warship, it was not good to leave such a large ship empty, so it simply placed big weapons such as winches, crossbows, and trebuchets on the building ships. This kind of warship was also qualified. It's called a ship.

According to the documents that can be found today, repeating crossbows that can fire multiple crossbow bolts at once appeared for the first time at the end of the Warring States Period. At that time, multiple people were required to winch to wind the crossbow.

The bed crossbow appeared for the first time in the Han Dynasty. There is nothing to say about this kind of thing, it just stands out with a big force.

Craftsmen of the Tang Dynasty combined the Liannu and the bed crossbow into one, and improved the single bow arm of the Han Dynasty bed crossbow into multiple bow arms, so the winch crossbow of the Tang Dynasty was born.

This is a giant crossbow mounted on a vehicle that can be moved at any time. It uses a winch to stretch the string and open the bow. The crossbow arm is equipped with a main arrow, six auxiliary arrows and seven arrow paths. The main arrow path is equipped with giant arrows, and the auxiliary arrow paths are slightly smaller. After the trigger is pulled, Seven arrows are fired together, with a range of 1.5 steps. One step is about 1000 meters and a half, and the range of the winch crossbow is about [-] meters.

Compared with large-scale weapons such as winch crossbows, the trebuchets of the Tang Dynasty were very simple. They were still very traditional pull-type weapons, which was a simple lever system.

One end of the wooden pole is placed with stones and the other side is pulled by people. Although it is inefficient, it is cheaper to build.

These two things, coupled with the rockets of the Tang army, can be said to be a dimensionality-reducing blow to the Japanese army, so it is not surprising that they can win a big victory.

But it is a pity that when the Song Dynasty inherited these things from the Tang Dynasty, they only made improvements and lacked any fundamental innovation.

The Eight Ox Crossbow is an improvement on the bed crossbow and winch crossbow, with an increased range of 500 meters.

The trebuchet only improved the weight of loaded stones. Its highest masterpiece is called the seven-shooter cannon, which requires more than 200 people to pull and can throw a 64-kilogram stone projectile 100 meters away.

The energy conversion and energy loss can only make people cry, and its practicality is also questionable.

The result was that the craftsmen brought by the Mongols from West Asia casually modified the cannons and blasted the city of Xiangyang directly, destroying the Southern Song Dynasty.

But in fact, at that time, counterweight trebuchets such as the return gun were not new to the West. They were a compromise product of Arab craftsmen.

Not to mention that the West already had the classic torque trebuchet at that time.

If you really want to see changes, you have to look at the Ming Dynasty, which directly changed cannons to cannons and played with gunpowder. 】

In the imperial garden of Bianliang, Zhao Kuangyin's face looked a little heavy.

Squatting next to him, he used a small jade ax as a pen to draw out the appearance of this return shot on the ground.

After staring for a moment, Zhao Kuangyin stood up and used his feet to erase the simple lines of the return shot.

Next to him, Zhao Guangyi wiped away the unnecessary expression on his face and said sincerely:

"Brother, I ask the commander to be the supervisor of the judgment, and I will share my worries with you!"

Zhao Kuangyin looked at his younger brother and finally put his left hand on his shoulder:
"As long as you have the intention, now you only know a picture. Even the civil servants don't understand it, so why bother?"

Zhao Guangyi lowered his head slightly, looked at the jade ax clutched in his brother's right hand, and then he followed the good example and stopped talking.

Sitting back on the stone bench, Zhao Kuangyin slowly had an idea in his mind.

One skill can rejuvenate a country, and another skill can destroy a city. Perhaps those merchants who trade with foreign races should be strictly prohibited from bringing craftsmen to make magic weapons.

Hmm...and take a closer look and remember this so-called twist...a trebuchet.

Zhao Kuangyin made a mental note that he should find a few people who were good at calligraphy from among the chamberlains, otherwise it would be unsafe to just memorize it by himself.

As for this younger brother... Zhao Kuangyin has no hope.

How can I not know what my brother is like?

……

Kong Ming, the Chengdu government official, was very interested.

Now, with just a charcoal pen, he could vividly depict the pictures of later generations' regulations, which made Pang Tong envious.

Kong Ming is almost an all-rounder, and he knows it.

When I was in Nanyang, I saw Lintie, Fuqin, Danqing, etc. with my own eyes, and even went on a few river swims when the weather was hot.

At that time, Pang Tong marveled at Kong Ming's seemingly endless energy.

But now, watching Kong Ming take out a thinned stone strip and place it on the paper, he accurately painted the drawing of a trebuchet on the paper with three strokes, five divisions and two strokes.

Then he still had time to change his brush, dipped it in ink and neatly wrote the words "torque trebuchet" on the book. Pang Tong suddenly felt a little worried.

"What do you think of this thing, Shi Yuan?"

Awakened by Kong Ming's question, Pang Tong silently adjusted his mentality and went over to take a closer look. He soon saw the secret:

"The power of this trebuchet all depends on the material of the twisted rope."

Pang Tong thought about it and felt that it would not be easy to replace this part with crude hemp rope.

"And compared to that... pull-type trebuchet."

Pang Tong pointed his finger and expressed his opinion: "Each has its own advantages and disadvantages."

"After all, this kind of towed cannon is easy to make and operate. It only requires a few iron parts and can be set up by three or five soldiers in just a moment."

"And this Western cannon is more sophisticated and may be inconvenient to carry. And if the twisted rope is to be used effectively, it may have to be beef tendon or rubber rope."

After the rise of engineering in Gong'an County, the critical parts of some large equipment required something soft but tough, like beef tendon.

Kong Ming and his wife spent a lot of effort, and finally developed peach gum as a substitute, but peach gum was also rare and expensive.

Sighing and shaking his head, Kong Ming also smiled and said:

"I don't know how the West solves this problem."

As for the racket, everyone in the Chengdu government office could understand it at a glance.

After all, there are many things like this pulley in the hydraulic mills all over the country, and there are even more gears.

Gong'an County even had a gear workshop early on, making auspicious gold (bronze) gears and iron gears for engineering utensils.

For this reason, Kong Ming also thought of several ways to improve the racket, and planned to draw it up and send it back to Jingzhou.

Although this racket shaft has many limitations, just like the pull-type trebuchet, it is easy to make, cheap, and has a simple and durable structure.The giant crossbow on the ship is like this torque trebuchet. It is easy to use but requires real-time maintenance and is expensive.

Thinking about this, Kong Ming remembered the word productivity.

Whether the items made by the craftsmen are useful or not depends on the actual use. Just like the armored cavalry, it is powerful, but today's lack of productivity makes it impossible to install it on a large scale.

The same goes for this torsion trebuchet. The small torsion rope will stump them.

This scientific journey of materials research has only just begun.

I wonder when I can find a perfect substitute for beef tendon and peach gum?
Kong Ming added a new worry.

……

Yan Lide and Yan Liben in the Manna Palace became excited again.

This thing was of great use in the Tang Dynasty, and Yan Lide was the best at it.

Yan Lide has never felt that serving as a supervisor has been as easy as it has been in the past two years.

Stronger armor, better horse gear, excellent warships, useful ordnance, later craftsmanship concepts, improved painting techniques, and buildings all made Yan Lide feel like a treasure.

The most important thing is that compared to the fiercely competitive generals, there are capable civil servants.

Now there are only two brothers of the Yan family who can create a craft.

Previously, Yan Lide and Yan Liben planned to let their son Mengmen Yinhao enter the official career, but now the two brothers have discussed:
No matter what career you enter, it is better to study painting skills and learn craftsmanship.

If you can become a great craftsman, you will have a lot to do in today's Tang Dynasty.

Li Shimin took a deep breath and stood in front of the map and looked at Liaodong and the Korean Peninsula.

As an excellent commander, he now understands that with this new artillery blueprint, it may be difficult for the small town in Liaodong to hinder the Tang army.

Goguryeo can be broken at any time, and the peninsula can be invaded at any time.

But after defeating him, how to make him a Tang genus for the rest of his life is the problem.

Now that he can choose, Li Shimin, as the emperor, hopes to avoid future troubles forever.

After all, the various things seen on the light screen are the best lessons.

The general's unconcerned deployment of troops caused the Tang Dynasty to become alienated in the land of Baekje. Although Liu Rengui violently conquered the country later, Li Shimin saw no sign of the conflict subsided.

Sooner or later, the suppressed conflicts will break out one day. This is what Li Shimin came to understand after seeing the embarrassing way "he" handled the situation in East Turkestan.

Moreover, Goguryeo and the Central Plains were destroyed from the time of Guangshen to the prince's faction Li Shiji.

In the past few decades, there have been several large-scale military attacks, more than a hundred battles?The hatred and conflict between the two sides are so extreme. How to solve it?

Therefore, Li Shimin had a relatively pessimistic attitude towards Datang's experience in Liaodong.

As for Silla, the Tang Dynasty eliminated the obstacles on the peninsula.

Li Shimin was thinking a lot, but at this moment he felt that Liaodong was not as rich as the grassland tribes in terms of wealth and good warfare.

However, the complexity of the conflicts is more than ten times higher than that of other grassland tribes.

It is easy to open a frontier, but it is difficult to open a frontier for all ages in China.

But... Li Shimin smiled:

Because it is so difficult, I must do it!
[Battle of Baijiangkou Liu Rengui was able to flatten and round the Japanese troops at will. In addition to the hardware gap, the leadership in knowledge level was also very important.

Just like the Japanese army's onboard charge against the Tang army did not happen as soon as the head was hot.

According to the Japanese records themselves, they observed the sky during the Battle of Baijiangkou and believed that the wind direction was favorable to them:

The Japanese ships sailed with the wind, but the Tang army was unable to move against the wind. Even though they had strong ships, they could not move, so what was there to fear?

But what the Japanese couldn't understand was that despite the fact that the wind was against them, the Tang army was still able to sail towards the Japanese army after the fight, and eventually surrounded the Japanese warships.

This is actually not complicated. When the ship is heading against the wind, as long as the angle of the ship and the sail is adjusted to maintain an angle of 35 to 45 degrees from left to right, the ship can sail against the wind in a zigzag pattern.

When the wind blows on a curved sail, because in an ideal fluid with medium-high flow, the greater the flow speed, the smaller the pressure. The sail decomposes the force generated by the wind and obtains a forward force.

That is, the Bernoulli effect is clearly explained in high school physics textbooks, and it is also very common in life, so it is not difficult to understand.

Although our ancestors did not understand this, they still summed up their sailing experience, which is commonly known as the method of sailing against the wind.

The Japanese neither understood nor understood, and as a result, they were betrayed by the Tang army, and they fired rockets wantonly upwind, clearly arranging the Japanese army.

Therefore, if you peel off the cover of the Battle of Baijiangkou, you will find that there are obvious gaps between the Japanese army and the Tang army in all aspects, from the social system to the quality of the soldiers, from the level of craftsmanship to the level of knowledge.

Therefore, the Battle of Baijiangkou was essentially a victory for civilization level.

However, when talking about the naval battles of the Tang Army, people cannot help but think of the absence of China in the Age of Navigation, which makes people regretful.

There is a saying that China invented the compass, but the compass attracted robbers. This statement cannot be said to be incorrect, or at least it is unreasonable.

In fact, the origin of civilization and science is a collection of countless small-probability events, the result of the standard present.

For example, in the West, "Elements of Geometry" was written in 300 BC. This mathematical work pioneered the axiomatic idea. Starting from definitions, postulates, and axioms, it used logical rules to develop a rigorous axiomatic deduction system, which greatly improved mathematical knowledge. After analyzing, summarizing and summarizing, the messy mathematical and geometric knowledge was finally organized into a rigorous and systematic scientific system.

Now that there is such an advanced theoretical system and axiomatic ideas, has Western mathematics begun to develop greatly?

of course not.

Even with this advanced book, the progress of mathematics and science in the West was still very slow. It was the Arab Empire that really took modern science a big step forward.

After the demise of Sasanian Persia, the Arab Empire expanded its power to Central Asia. This land was able to enjoy the fruits of Eastern and Western civilization at the same time. During hundreds of years of peace, Arab mathematics began to develop rapidly.

The papermaking technology of the East laid the foundation for Arabia. The Western "Elements of Geometry" became the guiding theory of Arabia, and astronomical knowledge was obtained from India. These created the brilliant mathematical achievements of Arabia, which were exported back to the West after the decline of the Arab Empire.

This knowledge, together with the transparent lenses that began to appear in the West in the eleventh century, promoted the germination of geometric theory and optical theory, and all of the above finally contributed to the Western Renaissance.

But until this time, the East and the West can still be said to be civilizations in different directions. What really separated the generation gap between the East and the West was that the West finally had a scientific Confucius-like figure:
Apple Goddess, Sir Newton.

Putting aside Sir Niu's other achievements, his most important achievement in navigation was to propose the sextant model. Based on this theory, the British Navy finally successfully produced the octant.

In this way, humans no longer need to rely on astrology or coastal geography to determine their position on the ocean, and can safely conduct ocean voyages.

Only then did the era of maritime hegemony officially begin, and the East truly began to fall behind.

And the compass is just an insignificant link. 】

　Sorry, there are a lot of things at work today... Friends who watch LOL should know.

　　
　
(End of this chapter)