Daming: Spoilers about the future, Zhu Yuanzhang collapsed

Chapter 299 The fierce man Wang Yangming descends from heaven!

"Falling into the water?"

After hearing Han Cheng tell the reason for Zhu Houzhao's death, Zhu Yuanzhang narrowed his eyes.

Like a bloodthirsty tiger, with astonishing killing intent!

He originally thought that Zhu Houzhao, like Zhu Gaochi, Zhu Zhanji, and other emperors who died very early in the Ming Dynasty, all died of illness.

If you get sick and die early, although it makes people feel extremely regretful and don't want to accept it.

There is no way around it.

Disease really doesn't recognize people.

But now, Han Cheng actually told him that Zhu Houzhao fell into the water and died.

This moment made him angry.

As the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty, he experienced many ups and downs.

How could he not know how low the probability of an emperor falling into the water was?

How low is the possibility of life or death due to falling into the water?

Are all those guards dead?

What are they doing to eat!

Think again about what Han Cheng and himself said about the battles, disagreements, and contradictions between Zhu Houzhao and the increasingly powerful civil service groups.

And facing the emperor who had won a huge victory and returned victorious, he refused to acknowledge his victory and refused to applaud him, which was such an arrogant and domineering behavior.

If Zhu Yuanzhang could no longer see the hidden tricks in this, he would no longer be Zhu Yuanzhang!

His good children and grandchildren may be drowned!

"Han Cheng, tell us carefully, how did he fall into the water?

How did he fall into the water and die? "

Zhu Yuanzhang's voice was cold, and his hand kept rubbing the hilt of the sword at his waist.

Han Cheng glanced at Lao Zhu's actions. Although he knew that Lao Zhu was not targeting him, he still had the urge to stay away from Lao Zhu.

I knew that Zhu Yuanzhang would definitely not be able to stand talking about these things.

After Han Cheng quietly distanced himself from Zhu Yuanzhang, he said:

"Zhu Houzhao fell into the water and died. According to historical records, he fell into the water not once, but twice.

What really killed him was falling into the water for the second time.

At least that's what the history books say. "

He actually fell into the water twice? !

Zhu Yuanzhang, who was already angry, became even more angry after hearing what Han Cheng said.

The arrogance and domineering nature of these people is really far beyond my imagination! !

"In the fourteenth year of Zhengde, King Ning Zhu Chenhao rebelled.

After learning the news, Zhu Houzhao immediately led his troops to put down the rebellion in person.

The rebellion of the vassal king was a huge event.

After all, the throne would fall to their clan because their ancestor, King Zhu Di of Yan, had rebelled.

For this reason, rebellion by vassal kings was a taboo in the Ming Dynasty.

It is reasonable and reasonable for Zhu Houzhao to lead his troops to fight the rebellion personally.

But when King Ning rebelled, the ministers in the court tried their best to dissuade Emperor Zhu Houzhao, who wanted to personally lead troops to quell the rebellion.

Please ask the emperor not to conscript himself.

It would be fine if Zhu Houzhao had no military skills, but before this happened, Zhu Houzhao had already passed the Yingzhou victory and proved his ability to the world.

He is really good at commanding troops to fight.

Under such circumstances, there were so many people blocking Zhu Houzhao from going.

Before that, one more thing.

That was the matter of King Ning's rebellion, which was just like Zhu Gaoxu's and was making a big fuss.

From the local government and many officials in the court, they all knew that King Ning was going to rebel.

But as the emperor, Zhu Houzhao didn't know.

After he found out, he wanted to lead troops to fight the rebellion, but many officials in the court stopped him.

The situation there at that time was really critical.

According to records, King Ning gathered more than 100,000 soldiers and horses.

Its location is in Jiangxi, far away from Peiping.

Over there, there are no decent soldiers and horses that can suppress the rebellion.

In the Ming Dynasty, after the introduction of the imperial examination, courtiers from the south dominated.

Moreover, on the whole, it was a crazy struggle for power with the emperor.

King Ning, who rebelled this time, had his fiefdom in Nanchang. "

"What you mean is that these people discovered that Zhu Houzhao became increasingly difficult to control.

He was so uncontrollable that he was far less obedient than his father Zhu Youtang, so he thought of doing this to make Ming Dynasty change its emperor?

Since King Ning was from Jiangnan, he would secretly receive the support of many people from Jiangnan.

After King Ning came to power, many of them followed the dragon's merits.

The power will inevitably exceed that when Zhu Houzhao was in power.

That's why King Ning rebelled, which became known to everyone in the world.

Only Zhu Houzhao, the emperor, didn't know.

I found out later that I wanted to personally go out to counter the rebellion, but was blocked by these people?

These people are really blatant!

You are really just sitting on the heads of our descendants and shitting! ! "

Zhu Yuanzhang's complexion is as ugly as he wants!

Han Chengdao: "Although there is no clear statement in the history books.

But after various analyzes and demonstrations by later generations, what you said, father, should be the closest to the truth of the matter. "

"Then how did Zhu Houzhao deal with this matter?"

Zhu Yuanzhang took a deep breath and looked at Han Cheng to ask.

"These bitches are going to subvert his empire this time and take away his throne!"

Han Chengdao: "Perhaps due to the influence of his father Zhu Youtang, Zhu Houzhao has a really good character.

Before this, he had never dealt a fatal blow to the courtiers, and had never executed any of his courtiers.

Even when the struggle was the fiercest, even when the courtiers did not admit it at all, they had won a great victory over him.

He also did not kill his courtiers.

When he wants to do something, he always finds a new way through his own intelligence.

What you want to achieve is not having a head-on confrontation with these people, but at the same time being able to get rid of them and do something.

For example, the time when he changed his name to Zhu Shou and led his troops to fight against the little Mongolian prince was a typical example.

But this time about King Ning's rebellion, Zhu Houzhao rarely became angry.

To the more than 130 courtiers who knelt there and begged, urging him not to personally lead troops to quell the rebellion.

He had his staff moved.

That time, eleven weak people died in the imperial rod.

After beating all these people, Zhu Houzhao led his troops to quell the rebellion. "

"Okay! Well done!

These idiots should have attacked them long ago!

They should have all been beaten to death one by one!

It would not be an exaggeration to peel off the skin and remove the grass to kill the nine tribes!

These things all belong to those who push their noses and show their faces!

The best thing is to push the envelope!

When you take one step back, he wants to take ten steps forward.

As long as you don't want their lives and don't show them how powerful you are, they will always cause trouble for you.

Always push your nose and face, testing your bottom line in various ways.

It looks arrogant and domineering, weaving webs to tie you up tightly, making you unable to move.

You raised your knife and slashed at them.

All of them are honest.

It's a pity that Zhu Houzhao, our good son and grandson, was too light and only killed eleven of them.

If it were us, we would kill them all with a stick!

None of them can live!

What a piece of shit, you dare to play this show of joining forces and openly threatening the emperor!

Look at them, they are all impatient!

Kill as many of these people as you want, kill them twice, and every one of them will be like a quail, and they will all calm down! "

Zhu Yuanzhang is very experienced with these people.

It's really easy to do it.

In his view, the way to be a king is not only to master the mutual balance between ministers, but also to find a balance between the emperor and his ministers.

When the emperor is strong, those ministers will be weak.

When the emperor's temperament is weak, those ministers will become strong.

Moreover, once they became strong, it would be extremely difficult for the emperor behind them to suppress them again.

After all, there are too many of them, and they have long formed a stable interest class.

Not easy to handle.

"In this way, Zhu Houzhao led his troops to quell the rebellion of King Ning. He was victorious and succeeded immediately, and he solved King Ning.

Smashed these people's conspiracy to replace the emperor? "

Zhu Yuanzhang looked at Han Cheng and asked.

He was quite pleased with the things Zhu Houzhao had done.

It is really rare for the Ming Dynasty to have such an emperor in the middle and late period.

It's a pity that he was born at the wrong time.

If he didn't inherit the throne from his father, he would have inherited it from Zhu Jianshen.

In those situations created by Zhu Jianshen, we will continue to work on the past and forge ahead.

I'm afraid there is a good chance that we will make greater achievements and truly revive the Ming Dynasty!

It's a pity that Zhu Youtang is caught between Zhu Jianshen and Zhu Houzhao!

Thinking of this, Zhu Yuanzhang was so angry that his teeth itched.

Zhu Yuanzhang concluded that Zhu Houzhao quelled the rebellion of King Ning, which was also very simple.

Through Han Cheng's narration, he also knew that Zhu Houzhao was very talented in leading troops in battle.

Winning battles such as the Yingzhou Victory, the newly unified Monan Mongolia was completely destroyed in one fell swoop.

At this time, facing the rebellious King Ning, it was difficult for him to be his opponent.

Of course, in addition to this, it was also because he learned about Zhu Houzhao's ending from Han Cheng in advance.

He fell into the water twice and died due to falling into the water.

If King Ning's rebellion was successful, those people wouldn't be in such trouble.

Only when King Ning was defeated and Zhu Houzhao succeeded in suppressing the rebellion, and those people jumped over the wall in a hurry, would they succeed in making another plan.

How dare you go to assassinate his good children and grandchildren!

After listening to Zhu Yuanzhang's words, Han Cheng shook his head: "Zhu Houzhao did not pacify King Ning's rebellion."

When Zhu Yuanzhang saw Han Cheng shaking his head, he was shocked and seemed extremely surprised.

This...how could this happen?

Zhu Houzhao didn't put down King Ning's rebellion? !

Could it be that he fell into the water after his defeat?

Then you can’t fall into the water twice!

After the idea came to him, Zhu Yuanzhang suddenly shook his head and rejected his idea.

Because he remembered that Han Cheng once told him when he was talking about Lao Si that his Lao Si was the only vassal king in history who successfully rebelled.

In this case, it is definitely impossible for King Ning to succeed in his rebellion.

If that's the case, why does Han Cheng still shake his head?

Zhu Yuanzhang was a little confused by what Han Cheng said.

Han Cheng said: "Father, it is true that Zhu Houzhao did not put down King Ning's rebellion.

This does not mean that King Ning's rebellion was successful.

Rather, it was said that the rebellion of King Ning had already been put down before Zhu Houzhao led his troops there. "

"what?"

After hearing Han Cheng's words, Zhu Yuanzhang was immediately surprised.

"You didn't say before that there were no usable troops there.

Facing King Ning who raised his troops to rebel, was it impossible to restrain him at all?

Otherwise, it would be impossible for Zhu Zhaohou to insist on the imperial chariot's personal conquest.

Why did it happen again now that others had already put an end to Prince Ning's rebellion before he even arrived for his personal expedition? "

Han Cheng said: "This is indeed beyond everyone's expectations.

When I first learned about this period of history and saw what happened, I was also extremely shocked.

King Ning rebelled and failed after forty-three days.

The reason why Zhu Houzhao, who was not given the opportunity to personally conquer the emperor, had a chance to take action was because a fierce man descended from the sky appeared! "

"Who is this fierce man?"

Zhu Yuanzhang asked curiously.

"Wang Yangming is a person who has made great progress in learning and pioneered Yangming's philosophy of mind.

Later generations, many people directly called him Yangming Gong or Yangming Sage. "

After listening to Han Cheng's introduction, Zhu Yuanzhang couldn't help but be stunned for a moment.

Isn’t this a scholar?

Listening to Han Cheng's words, this person is very skilled in learning and has left a great reputation.

But why did he become a fierce man from heaven?

What he is good at is not peaceful rebellion!

"Could it be that he went over there with a pen and paper and a book to teach the rebels and convert them?"

Han Cheng said: "Father, this is truly a strange man.

Not only is he a master of theoretical knowledge, but he is also really fierce in fighting!

I had never had much contact with military affairs before.

But when he was the governor of southern Ganxi at the time, after learning about King Ning's rebellion, he immediately sent troops to help the king.

He gathered troops and horses, gathered together some miscellaneous soldiers here and there, and headed directly towards King Ning.

The number of soldiers and horses under his command was about several thousand, while King Ning claimed to have a hundred thousand soldiers.

King Ning had already left Nanchang, attacked Jiujiang, defeated Nankang, and also attacked Anqing with great momentum.

Want to attack Nanjing directly.

He also arranged for people to guard Nanchang.

Mr. Yangming led his troops and attacked King Ning's lair.

And on July 20th, King Ning's lair was captured.

It takes very little time.

King Ning in front was shocked when he heard the news.

He immediately led troops and horses to return for reinforcements, preparing to wipe out Mr. Yangming.

On July 24, King Ning's army met Mr. Yangming's troops.

After a fight, King Ning's troops retreated.

On July 26, Mr. Yangming led a large army to attack.

Taking advantage of the favorable conditions, he launched a fire attack, and a fire burned King Ning's liver and gallbladder violently!

Burned and separated!

The soldiers and horses were scattered and running around!

According to records, in that battle alone, more than 30,000 rebels under King Ning were burned to death, plus those who fell into the water and drowned!

Not only that, including King Ning, his son, and the various ministers who were appointed by King Ning after his rebellion.

They were all captured alive by Mr. Yang Ming.

The massive rebellion of Prince Ning was ended by Mr. Yangming in a short period of time. "

When Han Cheng talked about this, he felt a little incredible.    At the same time, I am also full of admiration.

Establish words, establish virtue, and achieve meritorious service.

Mr. Yangming has done it all.

These things are really not something ordinary people can do.

Zhu Yuanzhang couldn't help but be a little stunned after listening to Han Cheng's story.

For a moment, I didn't know whether to say that Prince Ning was too good for nothing, or whether to say that Wang Yangming, who was born in the later Ming Dynasty, was too fierce.

It's really amazing that a scholar leading an army can achieve such brilliant results!

"This Prince Ning is really a waste!"

After Zhu Yuanzhang was stunned for a while, he commented aloud.

"Mr. Yangming, you can indeed be called the fierce man descended from heaven.

It had been carefully prepared for so long and was so massive that it was said to be a rebellion of 100,000 people.

As a result, a governor led thousands of improvised troops and swept them all away with a strong wind sweeping fallen leaves.

The most important thing is that they were all captured alive.

This Mr. Yangming is really a fierce man descended from heaven! "

At this time, Zhu Yuanzhang called Wang Yangming Mr. Yangming.

What Zhu Yuanzhang hates is not actually literati, but those who talk but do not practice, have no real ability to govern the country, and talk a lot of nonsense.

All kinds of civil servants who want to harm the interests of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang would also respect someone as capable as Wang Yangming.

As a person who often led troops into battles, Zhu Yuanzhang was very aware of the difference between capturing someone alive and defeating him or killing him.

Captured alive, and directly captured Prince Ning, Prince Ning and so many others.

That would be much more difficult than defeating or killing them!

"Who says otherwise? Mr. Yangming is really fierce!

This battle was beyond everyone's expectations.

No one thought that as the governor of southern Gansu, he could be so good at fighting.

But from then on, Mr. Yangming's career began to become unsmooth.

As the person who put down King Ning's rebellion, he was actually framed for conspiring with King Ning to rebel.

Later, he sent troops to kill King Ning because he felt that King Ning could not succeed and was afraid that he would be implicated if he failed.

That’s why he gathered his troops and sent out troops to kill King Ning..."

Even though Zhu Yuanzhang had already seen the shamelessness of these people, after hearing what Han Cheng said,

Still couldn't help but be stunned.

How thick-skinned and shameless are these people, that they can still say these things openly?

How did these bitches slander a person who was counterinsurgency as being related to the rebels?

"Let's get fucked!!"

Zhu Yuanzhang couldn't help but cursed.

"All the loyal ministers and generals of our Ming Dynasty must be squeezed out and killed.

They can do whatever they want, right? "

Zhu Yuanzhang was really furious at this moment.

I just want to come to the Zhengde Dynasty immediately and kill everyone!

Bury each of these damn bitches with your own hands!

All of them are moths! They're all insects!

The country that I had worked so hard to win, the country that I cherished so much, was in the hands of these people, and was actually so brutalized by them!

Such a nibble!

It’s really heartbreaking!

Han Cheng is also very angry. The methods of these people are really dirty.

Taking a deep breath, Han Cheng continued:

"When the news that Mr. Yangming put an end to Prince Ning's rebellion was sent to the Zhengde Emperor Zhu Houzhao, Zhu Houzhao was already on the road with his troops.

At that time, someone persuaded Zhu Houzhao to stop going south.

But Zhu Houzhao did not listen to them this time and still led his troops south.

After going south, Zhu Houzhao wanted to live in the Forbidden City in Nanjing.

But there are many people who are blocking this matter.

The reason given was that he was afraid that if Zhu Houzhao lived in the Forbidden City in Nanjing for a period of time and saw the prosperity here, his life would be too comfortable and comfortable, and he would be greedy for the prosperity here and would not have the heart to return to Peking. "

"What a bullshit excuse!"

Zhu Yuanzhang couldn't help frowning and cursed: "As an emperor, when I came to the old capital, the palace is still there, why can't I live in the palace?

I'm afraid these people have impure motives and have ulterior motives, right? "

Upon hearing this, Han Cheng gave Zhu Yuanzhang a thumbs up.

"Yes, the purpose is not pure.

They refused the emperor to live in the palace, but arranged for the emperor to live in the home of a rich man named Xu Lin.

The result was that in just a few days, Zhu Houzhao fell into the water.

According to records, he accidentally fell into the water while fishing. "

When Zhu Yuanzhang heard this, he couldn't help but clenched his fists.

"These thieves, they are so brave!

After the deed was done, they used such lame excuses to cover it up! "

“But this time, Zhu Houzhao is fine.

Zhu Houzhao was not a fool, but a very smart emperor.

But in the past, I didn't want to get into too much trouble with these civil servants.

But even if he didn't think about it, he could still detect some people's intentions at this time.

In other words, King Wang Ning had already noticed it when he started to rebel.

So in the next few days, he met Mr. Yangming and talked with Mr. Yangming for a long time.

Also met with Yang Yiqing and others.

According to records, they talked about it for three days and three nights.

Here, Yang Yiqing needs to be highlighted.

This person is very senior. Mr. Yangming can say that he was the one who promoted him.

He had previously served in the cabinet.

Now he is also eligible to enter the cabinet directly.

Although they were here, there is no precise record of what they talked about.

However, based on later analysis, inferences, and some materials found, combined with the form at the time, as well as the causes and consequences.

A theory recognized by many people is that Mr. Yangming destroyed Prince Ning this time and took away Prince Ning's lair and everything else in one pot.

There are a lot of conclusive evidences of people who have colluded with Prince Ning in his hand.

A lot of people were involved.

This includes people in the cabinet.

This is also why Mr. Yangming, after winning such a big victory, was quickly hated by others and was impeached and slandered in various ways.

And the biggest reason for the unsatisfactory career in the future.

Zhu Houzhao's actions were just to get Yang Yiqing and others out of trouble.

Use this opportunity to reorganize the cabinet and make a big change. "

"Has this been done?"

Zhu Yuanzhang couldn't help asking.

Han Cheng shook his head and said no: "Because it hasn't started yet, Zhu Houzhao was so miraculous that he fell into the water again.

You think Zhu Houzhao must be so careless as an emperor.

A person who had never fallen into the water before actually fell into the water twice in such a short time this time.

Magical or not? "

When Zhu Yuanzhang heard this, his face was full of anger.

These bitches are starting to jump over the wall!

But he was a little curious: "These people are so courageous, so damn arrogant.

But Zhu Houzhao didn't have soldiers and horses in his hands. How could he let them succeed at such an important moment? "

Han Cheng said: "There are many people around Zhu Houzhao who have stopped listening to him a long time ago.

Controlled by Yang Tinghe and others.

There is one thing that can confirm this.

When Zhu Houzhao left, he told Concubine Liu that if he sent someone to pick her up in the future, he would only have to see the promised token.

If you pick it up without a token, it is fake, so remember not to be fooled.

As a result, the hairpin used as a token was lost.

Zhu Houzhao had to pick him up personally..."

"He's been penetrated really badly.

These people are really bold!

Sure enough, good people can be bullied!

When you meet an emperor with a good temper, they will dare to poop and piss on your head and behave randomly!

So, our good son and grandson Houzhao died when he fell into the water for the second time? "

Zhu Yuanzhang said in a low voice.

Han Cheng shook his head: "No, if Zhu Houzhao fell into the water for the second time, he would be dead.

Then when people in later generations study and talk about this period of history, they will not laugh at those people like that.

It’s really the way they do things that is so crude, they’re just fooling the devil!

Zhu Houzhao fell into the water for the second time and still survived. "

Zhu Yuanzhang couldn't help but be stunned after hearing Han Cheng's words.

"Since he fell into the water for the second time and is still alive, he can naturally know how dangerous these people are.

She wanted to kill him completely.

Then why not immediately use thunderous means to wipe out all these people?

Why haven't you fought back yet? "

Han Chengdao: "This aspect is due to Zhu Houzhao's personal character.

On the other hand, Yang Ting and these people no longer wanted to give the emperor another chance.

When they found out that Zhu Houzhao was not dead, they immediately claimed that the emperor was frightened after falling into the water, fell ill, could no longer stay here, and needed to return to Beijing for treatment immediately.

Without any explanation, he took Zhu Houzhao back to Beijing without giving him a chance to implement the plan he had discussed with Yang Yiqing, Wang Yangming and others. "

After hearing what Han Cheng said, Zhu Yuanzhang's hand grasped the hilt of the sword, and his heart clenched together.

I'm afraid that once I return to the capital, my good children and grandchildren will be bullied by those people and even lose their lives!

"After returning to the capital, Zhu Houzhao, who was so strong and strong, was treated by the imperial doctors at the imperial hospital. Not only did he not recover from the wind and cold he suffered after falling into the water.

The body is getting weaker and weaker.

And Zhu Houzhao later moved into his leopard room.

During this process, Zhu Houzhao once issued an order to the cabinet.

Ask someone to find a doctor from outside to treat him.

But in the end, this matter was blocked directly by Yang Tinghe.

The doctors in Tai Hospital are already the most skilled in medical skills in the entire Ming Dynasty.

If you don't have people with the most skilled medical skills around, why should you sacrifice the good and the bad and look for private doctors? "

"Fuck!!"

Zhu Yuanzhang cursed angrily when he heard this.

"This Yang Tinghe is such a coward!

Hou Zhao doesn't even have the right to find a doctor?

Who is this person? Why so arrogant? "

"Yang Tinghe is Zhu Houzhao's teacher.

Zhu Houzhao always called him Mr. Yang respectfully.

In the seventh year of Zhengde, it became the capital of the cabinet.

From then on, he continued to control the government.

This man can be said to be one of the few in the Ming Dynasty, a powerful minister with power over both the government and the public. "

"But even if he is a powerful minister, does Zhu Houzhao not even have a useful eunuch?

Can't he ask the eunuch to find him a doctor? "

After asking this question, Zhu Yuanzhang immediately shut up.

I feel like I'm a bit stupid for asking this question.

Those people are already torn apart and are ready to kill their good children and grandchildren.

How could such a hole be left?

Han Cheng said: "Yang Tinghe is very arrogant. Not only the outer court, but also the inner court is basically controlled by him.

At that time, the confidants trained by Zhu Houzhao, such as Jiang Bin, who was in charge of military affairs, had been transferred away by Yang Tinghe.

Even Jiang Bin could sense that something was wrong.

Without the emperor's will, he would never dare to act rashly.

Otherwise, a label of rebellion will be pinned on his head.

He will die extremely miserable.

Zhu Houzhao, whose health was getting worse, even held a court meeting with his sick body.

I forced myself to make some arrangements.

Wang Qiong was appointed Minister of War.

Since Yu Qian served as the Minister of the Ministry of War, the status of the Minister of the Ministry of War among the six ministers of the Ming Dynasty has become unusual.

As for Wang Qiong, according to various inferences made by many people in later generations, it is said that among the important officials in the court at that time, he was the only one who had not been bribed by King Ning.

Zhu Houzhao promoted this man to Minister of the Ministry of War.

It was obvious that he wanted to use him to contain Yang Tinghe.

However, the effect was not significant.

How can a minister of the Ministry of War stand up to the chief minister of the cabinet?

Later, Zhu Houzhao finally couldn't hold on any longer and vomited blood and died.

And even if he eventually vomited blood and died, the record of his illness was that he was infected with wind and cold due to falling into the water.

Isn’t that outrageous? "

Han Cheng looked sarcastic.

"Can a person infected with wind-cold vomit blood and die?

I'm afraid it's not because of the cold! ! "

Zhu Yuanzhang's cold voice sounded.

"Infection with wind and cold will not cause people to vomit blood and die. As far as we know, it seems that many people who have been poisoned by chronic poisons will vomit blood!

Also, how much time elapsed between when Zhu Houzhao fell into the water and when he died? "

Han Cheng thought for a moment: "It will take a few months."

"boom!"

As soon as Han Cheng's voice fell, Zhu Yuanzhang struck the table with his sword!

(End of this chapter)