The Great Industrial Ming Dynasty Started from Beiping

Chapter 598 Caught off guard with inheritance tax
September of the second year of Yongle.

Within Shaanxi.

Military households and farmers in Jingyang, Sanyuan, Liquan, Gaoling, and Lintong were organized to repair the largest local flood canal weir under the leadership of the local government.

The people were in full swing.

Women and children also hold up half the sky. They cook and deliver water.

An old man sat under a quiet tree, with his head on his knees, as if asleep, squinting his eyes and looking at the people taking a lunch break.

"Uncle Zhou."

"You are old, go back and rest."

Elderly people over 60 years old do not need to participate, the young people in the village consoled them.

In the Azili Mountains of the Tartar region, there is a place called Wanzaida. People in this area will commit suicide when they are old and then be eaten. According to local sayings, this is called burying them in the belly in sympathy with their parents' hard work. Can't bear to abandon it in the mountains.

Because it was recorded in writing by the Ming Dynasty, it was passed down to later generations.

Ming Dynasty does not need to be like this.

Unless the economy goes bankrupt.

When the Ming Dynasty's economy went bankrupt, the lower limit was the norm in other regions.

The old man shook his head.

Life is rare, and he wants to see more of it.

The young people in the village brought food to the elderly because they were renovating the canals for themselves. The government was only responsible for providing rations and a batch of machines and farm tools, but there was no wages.

People in the village are not lazy.

Any family whose labor force dares not to participate will not be able to survive in the village.

The large porcelain bowl was filled with Shaanxi's special pasta, which was sprinkled with spicy oil. It whetted one's appetite. The old man picked up his chopsticks and ate in big bites. He never wastes food.

After eating, the old man burped happily.

"Old."

When he was young, he could cook a large bowl, but now he can only eat one bowl, which makes him exhausted.

The old man is a piece of living history.

The old man climbed up from under the tree, holding his sleeves up and not clearing away the bowl, as if he had forgotten and didn't know where he went.

"Why is there a bowl here?"

"Old Uncle Zhou wasn't here just now?"

People passing by did not pay attention and picked up the empty bowls. Soon, the people on the land began to work again.

farming.

It’s not just about sowing seeds.

The old man walks on the ditch.

There were not many teeth left in his mouth, and his face was as dry as bark. The further he walked, the faster he walked.

"It's weird."

"Is that old Uncle Zhou? Old Uncle Zhou is getting younger and younger as he lives, and he moves faster than the younger generations."

Someone saw the old man's movements and sighed curiously.

"Have you seen my dad?"

"No."

The two men asked around.

"I saw it. I was here just now, but why did I disappear without paying attention?"

The old man walked and gradually became tired.

He has lived here all his life. When he was a child, his family was very poor. He was hungry every day and never knew what it felt like to be full.

From the day of birth.

There are no ditches here, there are pastures everywhere.

It turns out that this land has looked like this since ancient times. The old man looked at the canals around him and the fertile fields one after another, "What a pity."

The old man sighed.

The friends we played with when we were children are now the only ones left. Many friends have not grown up, and some cannot see their current situation.

In the past hundred years since fertile farmland was converted into pasture land, waterways in various fields have been completely blocked, river water often cannot be controlled, grain production has been reduced, per capita rations have dropped, and the population has declined greatly.

Nowadays, the village is prosperous.

There are children everywhere, and it is very lively every day, which even makes the elderly irritable.

This was not the case before.

There are so many people in the village.

There were 150 million households in Shaanxi in the Northern Song Dynasty. Shaanxi in the Northern Song Dynasty was still a border area.

By the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, there were only more than [-] households in the huge Shaanxi Province.

In August of the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, they captured most of the former Yuan capital, and then moved westward to recover the two provinces of Shaanxi and Shanxi. The news was sent back to Jinling, who was formulating policies. In April of the next year, the provinces of Shaanxi and Shanxi were officially established. .

Plus the time for the army to march and the time for the message to be delivered.

What does it say?
The Ming army did not fight any battles in the two places, so where did the population of Shaanxi go?

After a hundred years of governance, the country was still in the hinterland of the Yuan Dynasty. Instead of growing, the population declined rapidly, reaching the red line of extinction. Productivity dropped so deeply that it was unheard of in history.

The old man lived for more than 70 years.

He found a lump of dirt and sat down, tapping his knees.

"The saint is really good."

The old man sighed.

They didn't know about Lao Shizi's Ming Dynasty at first, but later, the court sent many officials to build water conservancy projects every year, and they also built it here. Many people complained at first.

This ditch was named Hongquyan.

Not only them, but the neighboring counties of Jingyang, Sanyuan, Liquan, Gaoling, and Lintong have also benefited. It is said that this ditch alone has irrigated nearly one million acres of fields.

I still remember the 17th year of Hongwu.

At that time, I could still do whatever I wanted, complaining about the emperor's meddling.

Looking at the ditch under his feet, the old man's eyes were full of emotion. This ditch supported his whole family. His sons, grandsons, and grandson's sons would depend on this ditch for generations to come.

The saint is still right.

The old man couldn't help but think.

"The fourth son of the old man's family insists on joining the army. He wants to change his family into a military household. This kid needs to be beaten. Now that he has seen the benefits of being a military household, being a soldier means fighting."

The old man has lived a lifetime and does not envy other people's military households.

He thought it was not good to be a soldier.

"There is also a child in the third child's family who can read. I will tell the third child later that as long as the child can read, he will have to pay for it."

The old man thought about it.

A smile appeared at the corner of his mouth unconsciously.

A breeze blows.

The corner of the clothes under the old man's body was blown, and there was a patch of other colors, which was mended by his daughter-in-law for him. The stitches were intensive and the workmanship was careful. It seemed that a lot of thought was put into it.

"Quack quack."

The frog jumped into the ditch and found several people from a distance.

"father."

"father."

"grandfather!"

Several people were shocked, then cried bitterly, and knelt down in front of the old man.
-
Beijing.

Wenhua Hall.

"In the 17th year of Hongwu, Emperor Taizu sent his disciples and talented people to various parts of the country to supervise the construction of water conservancy projects, which became a routine practice."

Yu Xin, the minister of household affairs, reported on matters in various places.

It is necessary to clean up the land in various places and investigate the water conservancy and irrigation projects in various places.

"As of the 27th year of Hongwu, a total of 980 Tongtang weirs were opened."

"For future maintenance, some will be carried out by local servitors, some will rely on help from neighboring counties, some will be provided by the government with materials, some will be mined in the mountains, some will gather workers during off-farm periods, some will be completed at any time, and some will be dispatched by ministers to supervise the completion. .”

From Hezhou Tongcheng Weir and Xing'an Ling Canal to Shanghai Hujiagang, Dengzhou Penglaige River Channel, Pengzhou Dujiangyan, Cizhou Zhanghe River burst its banks, and even dug Yueshan Dam in Jingzhou to irrigate people's fields.

The technology in agriculture has already been developed in ancient times.

Even the dams dare.

Not to mention other places.

The Hongqu Weir, one of Shaanxi's super-large projects, irrigates more than 200 miles of farmland in Jingyang, Sanyuan, Liquan, Gaoling, and Lintong. It was restored in Hongwu 31, and more than 3000 feet of channels were dredged, reaching more than 600 miles.

Jingyang Hongquyan irrigates more than 400 hectares of farmland in five counties, which is more than 84 acres.

An agricultural project like the Ming Dynasty is just a project in Shaanxi, but it can feed the current productive population of the entire UK.

Zhu Gaochi couldn't help but think.

Such agricultural projects were built and renovated throughout the country during the Hongwu Dynasty and Ming Dynasty for more than thirty years.

"Food prices must continue to remain stable."

Zhu Gaochi still insisted.

With the increase in acres of land and bumper agricultural harvests in various places, the grain depots in various warehouses across the country are still full. Even if they are used to supply hundreds of thousands of soldiers and civilians in the Western Expedition, the most difficult thing is the transportation process, not the lack of food.

Many officials spoke out for the people and demanded an increase in food prices, which also contributed to the Ministry of Household Affairs' clearing of land across the country.

"The non-agricultural population in the Ming Dynasty is increasing. Although it shows that the Ming Dynasty's economy is prosperous and the social division of labor has become more and more detailed, there must be crises under the prosperity. Everything has two sides."

"The stability of food prices is the guarantee for everything."

Zhu Gaochi explained.

"No matter how poor you are, as long as you have a field, you can still have enough to eat."

"But for those citizens who have completely left the land and fully integrated into urban life, if they go bankrupt, they will not only be poor, but they will also not have enough to eat and will starve to death."

After hearing what His Royal Highness the Emperor Taisun said, some people disagreed, while some thought carefully.

Yu Xin frowned.

The prices of commodities in society have already increased. However, the price of food has not increased. This year, the price of food has a downward trend.

Yu Xin had heard about the grain points and grain stamp banks, as well as the policies formulated by the cabinet. He was among the group of opponents. In their view, this was tantamount to robbing farmers and military households.

Zhu Gaochi shook his head helplessly.

It can only be said that they have not seen it or do not understand the economics well enough.

The subsequent global economic crisis.

Only China has managed to survive and maintain a high level of development.

In addition to the reasons for the Chinese model, there is also the fact that most of the people who migrated to cities were not completely divorced from the countryside. After many people lost their jobs, they could continue farming in their hometowns.

This is not possible in economically developed areas abroad.

Because they lose their jobs, people will really starve to death.

After many economic crises, economically developed countries have gained experience. In addition to providing legal protection, they have also introduced relief meal systems, etc., to avoid such a phenomenon from happening again.

This is also the case in China.

In the era of economic bankruptcy, in those old industrial areas with particularly developed industries, a large number of people were completely separated from the land, and countless horrific things happened in the end.If Ming Dynasty's current situation continues to develop, Zhu Gaochi must consider these factors in advance.

You can't just ignore the hidden dangers and wait ten or twenty years to deal with them when conflicts break out. The price you pay will be too high.

Peking, Beijing, Shanghai and other areas.

In a few years, the number of people completely separated from the land will be much larger than people imagine.

Therefore, food prices must be stable as this is the foundation for economic development.

Otherwise, the faster the economy develops but the agriculture becomes unstable, it will be a huge "bomb".

soon.

Chen Heng, President of the Food Stamp Bank Headquarters, and Cai Wen, Minister of Economic Planning and Finance, came to the Wenhua Hall together and brought the plans they discussed.

"The railway construction expansion plan will not expand the number of workers in the next five years."

Cai Wen said directly.

"According to the data from the factories of Daming Industrial Bureau and the analysis of the development of the upstream and downstream industrial chains, Daming's current productivity has reached its extreme and needs to slow down."

Zhu Gaochi read through it carefully.

This plan was proposed by him.

The productivity of the Ming Dynasty was limited. Although there was great technological development, it did not break through the society of the first industrial revolution. It was just the revival and improvement of traditional technology.

The reason for the rapid economic development is that the large-scale infrastructure projects and railway projects adopted by Zhu Gaochi are like a few cows pulling ahead.

From Peking to Beijing, from Beijing to the whole country.

"The next stage is to promote the development of private commercial banks, stabilize the foundation of the Ming Dynasty Industrial Bureau, support the birth of new technologies, increase domestic demand and economy, and explore the integration of overseas markets with the mainland market."

"While providing policies to overseas commercial banks, we must also constrain them to obey the Ming Dynasty's national chess layout and provide impetus for Ming Dynasty's production."

Zhu Gaochi closed the booklet and pointed out the direction for the next stage.

Talk and go.

Ming’s foundation is too weak.

The carriage can run with you, but it can't run for a long time. Now the frame of the carriage needs to be reinforced. Only with a brand new frame can it continue to run. Economic development also has its ups and downs.

Ming Dynasty needs time to settle the huge changes that have occurred over the past ten years.

Not only is it digesting new land, it also requires internal self-adjustment and optimization.

Chen Heng was thinking about His Highness the Crown Prince's thoughts.

This is the only way for him to secure his position as the president of the Food Stamp Bank.

Only by understanding His Highness the Crown Prince's thoughts can we keep up with His Highness the Crown Prince's thinking and formulate economic policies that meet His Highness the Crown Prince's needs.

The emperor had defeated Timur.

The news spread back home, sparking nationwide cheers.

But His Highness the Crown Prince started making big moves.

two years.

His Highness the Crown Prince seems to have lost motivation, and everything is focused on stability. Now, with the clarity of the war, it seems that His Highness the Crown Prince is about to take new actions, so what is the issue?

domestic.

Still domestic.

Chen Heng figured it out, and his thoughts centered on the domestic economy, and he immediately understood His Royal Highness's plan.

as predicted.

When he heard His Highness the Crown Prince proposed to support private businesses and finally mentioned overseas trade, Chen Heng had no doubt that His Highness the Crown Prince was eyeing merchants engaged in overseas trade.

Over the years, with the expansion of Ming Dynasty.

Those failed businessmen who were unable to compete domestically have gone abroad, grown from weak to strong, and grown from scratch to become a considerable capital force.

Southeast Asia, East Asia, Central Asia, and even West Asia.

They are all present.

It's nothing more than collecting taxes.

Chen Heng couldn't help but smile.

Don't just take His Highness the Prince's words literally. If you interpret them literally, you will definitely be taken to the ditch. I don't know from whom His Highness the Prince learned such tricks.

It's just that those things that are old and useless, have become very civilized through the mouth of His Highness the Emperor Taisun.

It seems that it is uncivilized not to do what His Royal Highness the Emperor Grandson says.

"The minister believes that more detailed policies should be formulated for bulk commodity trade. Each customs office should not only collect data on bulk commodity trade, but also require commercial banks engaged in overseas trade to actively submit data for review by the tax department."

Chen Heng immediately said: "Any business that edits data will be punished by more than three times and less than ten times. In serious cases, the capital will be confiscated and the company will close down."

Zhu Gaochi nodded with satisfaction.

"After you go back, carefully discuss the charter based on this idea."

What was the Ming Dynasty's huge navy used for?

It's just for reasoning.

What's the point?
The principle of Ming Dynasty.

Domestic businessmen have to pay taxes, and foreign businessmen also have to pay taxes.

Without the power of the Ming Dynasty, where would those merchants purchase goods from, and why would they go to the vassal state to do business?It really is your own ability. Even if you have the ability, you have to obey the rules of Ming Dynasty.

Always looking for something to make up for.

Since the railway project needs to be stabilized and cannot expand as much as before, the new driving force is nothing more than those aspects.

The interests of the people must not be touched, and that time has not yet come.

To move.

Naturally, it is the interests of businessmen.

Overseas trade has been freeing up over the past few years, but Ming Dynasty will start reining in the reins this year.

Day two.

The Temporary Help Home for Living Difficulties, an organization founded by Zhu Gaochi in Peiping, has become silent over the years and has become the least powerful department in the Ming Dynasty Work Bureau system. Many people do not even know that this place exists.

overnight.

All major newspapers are promoting temporary help homes for people experiencing difficulties.

"Any worker who has registered with the Ministry of Labor and Civilian Union, if he cannot find a job, his family members have no other income, and the family has no food to eat, they can apply to the Temporary Help Home for Living Difficulties, and a certificate from the Ministry of Labor and Civilian Union is required."

"The temporary help home for those who are living in difficulty provides five steamed buns to each person every day until they can find a job and recover their families."

Careful charters were published.

Even the weight of the steamed buns is uniform. If the steamed buns provided by the temporary help home for people living in difficulty are not heavy enough, they can complain to the local government.

Simultaneously.

Only workers who have been through the Ministry of Workers' and Civilian Union have no income at home. This income refers to restrictions such as the fact that their hometowns don't even have farmland.

Today's newspapers have sparked discussion.

"Although Emperor Taizu abolished the prime minister, Emperor Taizu also knew that if he lost the support of the people, his emperor's throne would also collapse. Therefore, in the relationship between the monarch, ministers, and people, Emperor Taizu believed that "the people ” is the “center”.

Several scholars discussed it.

"Emperor Taizu said: Lian Wen Tian gave birth to the king for the people, and the king served the people. The ministers were in charge of the people, and they asked the people what they should do. It can be seen that Emperor Taizu believed that both the king and the ministers were established for the people. "

"Emperor Taizu said it was God's will."

“The reason why scholars, peasants, industrialists, and merchants are willing to serve as officials, to pay taxes and grains, so that officials do not raise silkworms, cultivate fields, or brave the cold and heat, but have clothes to wear, food to eat, and sit happily under the public house, is just to set up officials for the emperor. Divide your duties to preserve his life.”

"If anything the emperor does is inappropriate, goes against the will of heaven, fails the people's support, and is extremely docile, and God is angry and people resent him, there will be no one who will die. The official spent the people's money and food, failed to distinguish right from wrong with the people, and made many mistakes. "Lian, when faced with a lawsuit, he did yes and no, and no, yes. Such an unfair thing, the ghosts and gods refused to forgive him, so he must have committed a crime."

"Emperor Taizu believed deeply in the creed that what is to be feared is Heaven, and what is to be feared is the people. He acted in this way throughout his life, which shows how deeply Emperor Taizu loved the people."

Some people in later generations said that Zhu Yuanzhang betrayed his identity as a farmer.

But they forgot.

Zhu Yuanzhang had to break away from his original identity in order to govern the country well.

Does it mean that farmers must continue to be farmers after they leave the land? The company they establish will not be considered as breaking away from the original class. How can it be established in this case?

Not to mention what Zhu Yuanzhang did, the background of what he did, what Zhu Yuanzhang said, and what his thoughts were like.

Only when the people are prosperous can the country be prosperous.

Only with "people's security" can the country be "solid".

Otherwise, "chaos will arise" and "misfortune will ensue."

"Governing the people is like managing the water. Those who govern the water follow their nature, and those who govern the people follow their sentiments. People are not averse to life and death, so they should avoid punishment and stay at war to protect them. No one dislikes poverty and prefers wealth. When focusing on agriculture, he should pay less and save money. Keep it thick. Don't forget about the bad work, and make it simple and make it easy. If you don't use it in its proper time, use it in a wrong way, but suppress it with power, force it with strength, and force it to do what you don't want. , and asking for their obedience is like rushing water over the river, which is not his nature."

Zhu Yuanzhang said so, and he did so throughout his life.

It has been possible to examine the likes, dislikes, likes and dislikes of the people from the perspective of human "emotion", "sexuality" and "desire", and use this as the basis for formulating policies of provincial punishment, small taxes and light corvee.

How many officials in future generations will be able to achieve such a moral character?
How many officials can keep in mind what the people like and dislike and formulate policies based on what the people think?

In the fourteenth century, a farmer was born in the Yuan Dynasty.

It has broken away from the backward view of the original slave society. Even if it is limited by the times, it is already the wise king before New China in history.

Therefore, many people are not satisfied with the temporary help hospitals for life difficulties in newspapers.

Temporary shelters are only for workers due to financial difficulties.

Scholars have also begun discussions.

Compared with ordinary people, scholars can consider the overall situation and see the rationale behind this policy.

To put it bluntly.

Ming Dynasty's productivity is insufficient and it cannot take care of everyone. It can only start with the groups that need it most, rather than spreading it to all people from the beginning.

First aid.

Some academics spoke out in support in newspapers, sparking further dissatisfaction.

Winter of the second year of Yongle.

The Ministry of Household Affairs releases data to the world.

Liaodong Province, Beiping Province, Daning Province, Kaiping Province, Sainan Province, Shanxi Province, Shaanxi Province, Western Region Province, Yilibali Province, Shandong Province, Henan Province, Sichuan Province, Hubei Province, Hunan Province, Yingtian Province, Zhejiang Province, Jiangxi Province, Guangdong Province, Guangxi Province, Guizhou Province, Yunnan Province, and Jiaozhi Province.

22 provinces and one capital.

The population is more than 53 people.

There are also eight major capitals: Nuergandusi, Saibeidusi, Dongchagataidusi (Anxidusi), Uzzandusi, Duogandusi, Champadusi, Dayuandusi, and Samarkanddusi.

At the bottom of the newspaper, there is an inheritance tax decree.

If the inheritance amount is more than 1000 yuan but less than 5000 yuan in food stamps, a 5.00% inheritance tax will be levied; if the inheritance amount is more than 5000 yuan but less than 1 yuan, a [-]% inheritance tax will be levied.

遗产金额高于一万低于5万元者，征收15.00%的遗产税；遗产金额高于5万元低于10万元者，征收20.00%的遗产税。

If the amount of the inheritance exceeds 50 yuan, an inheritance tax of 50.00% will be levied.

Business houses all over the world were in an uproar.

The common people couldn't help but sigh when they saw the newspaper.

The court is really good at collecting money.

But they themselves didn't say anything.

5000 yuan ah.

An ordinary worker only earns more than ten yuan a year. It takes hundreds of years of deprivation to earn 5000 yuan. Many small businessmen cannot save less than 5000 yuan in their lifetime.

The biggest reaction was from the big businessmen.

(End of this chapter)