The War Court and Lap Pillow, Austria's Mandate of Heaven

Poland is a magical country. Some people love it to death, even if it is destroyed for hundreds of years, they will pull it back up.

Some people hate it to death, wishing that the noble lord will never come back and the Polish Commonwealth will never be born again.

We must have heard of Chopin in "Bring My Heart Back to the Motherland", and Marie Curie, who pinned endless nostalgia on the new element polonium.

Paderewski, the most respected Polish statesman by Americans, went to the White House to perform for President Wilson to celebrate the victory of World War I.

As the biggest beneficiaries of World War I, Americans naturally want to celebrate.It's just that amidst the cheers and joy, a pianist was crying and playing the music.

It just so happened that this scene was discovered by the "kind" American President Wilson. After questioning, he found that the other party was actually a Polish.

Then the "kind" US President Wilson was moved, and the two politicians finalized the "Fourteen Principles" for the demise of Europe.

A political show made the birth of two presidents and a new hegemony, and at the same time touched countless people who came after.

Putting these aside, there were many opponents of the Polish Commonwealth in Poland in the nineteenth century.Among them, the Jews and the Gypsies, who are not welcomed everywhere, will not be talked about, but the relationship between the Polish nobles and the common people is already incompatible.

When you talk about Poland, you will think of its famous absolute democracy, which directly led to the Russian army fighting over, and the king's order has not yet left Warsaw.

But in fact, this kind of democratic right does not belong to ordinary people in Poland. Polish nobles call themselves "Schlachta" (conqueror), but contemptuously call serfs and commoners "Ham", which means sugar beet, country bumpkin , mud figures, but also related to local mythology.

(Noah cursed his son Ham and prophesied that Ham's son Canaan would become a slave to his other brothers.)
The nobles considered themselves descendants of the Sarmatians, conquerors of Poland.

Although nobles and commoners speak the same language and have almost the same appearance, the nobles do not consider them to be the same race.

Under the guidance of this kind of thinking, the Polish nobles oppressed the serfs extremely cruelly.

Take the Galicia region of Austria as an example. In 1772, Empress Maria Theresa promulgated a decree prohibiting the killing of serfs and encroaching on the property of serfs.

But it wasn't until Empress Theresa sent troops to Galicia in 1775 that the decree was enforced under pressure.

In 1782, serfs in Galicia were free to marry at will. Before that, in the eyes of the nobles, they only had the right to mate and were not eligible to marry.

In a sense, Galicia as a whole is like a colony of Polish aristocrats. Both Polish serfs and Uruk (Ruseny, or Ukrainian) serfs are nothing more than talking animals.

It is precisely because of this approach that a strange phenomenon appeared after Poland was brutally partitioned.Whether under Austrian, Russian, or Prussian rule, Polish serfs felt that they had found the best masters, and were even proud of it.

Even the Tsar, who has always been known for his brutality, became the "baby daddy" in the hearts of Polish serfs. In his eyes, Prussia's militarized management was simply the light of righteousness.

In Austria, the situation was even more outrageous. The serfs even formed a volunteer army in order to maintain the rule of the empire.

However, the situation at this time was broken, and the Tsar raised his butcher knife against the Jews, Poles and Gypsies in the country under the banner of cholera for military expenses.

Although these people were used to being oppressed, and even defended the tsar's actions, calling it "a punishment in place of God", any creature has the instinct of survival, which drove them to flee Russia.

At this time, the Russian-Austrian border is in vain. On the one hand, it is because the two sides are allies, and on the other hand, it is because the defense centers of both sides are in the occupied area, not on the border.

Here I have to say that Count Stadion, Governor of Galicia at this time, is really very politically sensitive and has a long-term vision.

At first, only sporadic border crossers were discovered by him. After simple interrogation, coupled with the information he knew, he immediately came to a conclusion:
"Soon there will be a wave of refugees on the Russian-Austrian border."

Although the Austrian railway was able to go directly from Vienna to Lviv (the capital of Galicia) at this time, the Count Stadion knew very well the efficiency of the imperial bureaucracy.

If you wait for something to happen before reporting, from reporting, approval, discussion, review, and reconfirmation to implementation, the refugee issue will become unmanageable by the time these processes are completed.

Historically, the governor of Galicia sent someone to report to the Regency Council of the Austrian Empire one month before the arrival of the refugee wave, but it was not until 1847 that he received an order that he could dispose of himself.

As the governor of Galicia, Count Stadion did not wait for Vienna's order. He immediately sent troops to the border between the two countries to restrict the entry of refugees.

But even so, in the first three months of the refugee wave, Earl Stadion accepted about [-] refugees from Russia, and then sent troops to close the border.

But this time is different, that is, the power of the railway allows the messenger to reach Vienna in one day.

Of course, in order to let the gentlemen of the Regency Council make a quick decision, the governor purposely made the matter very serious.

Vienna, Hofburg Palace.

"What!? A large number of refugees on the Galician border?"

Metternich quickly calmed down. As a traditional politician, he knew the importance of land and people.

"This may be an opportunity"

"Damn Russians, throwing trash at us again!"

Count Korolav was not interested in the non-German population, and he even sneered at the Jews, Roma (Gypsies, called Roma in Austria), and Uruk. In his eyes, even if these people were serfs None are eligible.

Obviously, at this time the two failed to reach a consensus.

Count Kolarov: "What do we pick up garbage that the Russians don't want?"

Prince Metternich: "Population is the cornerstone of a country, and our country still has a large amount of uncultivated land, and overseas colonies have an endless demand for population.

Do you know that our colonial minister (referring to Franz) spends tens of millions of florins every year to solve the problem of manpower shortage in the colony, and even spends a lot of money to attract immigrants from foreign countries.

And I don't think those Japanese monkeys (japanese immigrants, short and always shrinking in the eyes of westerners) and Indian coals (dalits, black), are better than white immigrants.

They can clear the land for us, grow crops, raise pigs, raise horses, go to work in factories, or help you babysit, clean, wash and cook for you, and they will pay taxes, and they can be a source of soldiers."

Count Kolarov was dismissive: "They are so good? Then why did the Russians kick them out?"