People in Hongwu, from heavenly master to emperor master

Chapter 363 The Possibility of Affinity Blood Type and Blood Transfusion

"Those people, good or bad, actually said that Sister Meng Yao is not Aunt Li's child..."

"It's not that if he says no, he won't. You can recognize your relatives with blood..."

The Xu family siblings were bickering there. Zhang Yi was just watching with a smile at first, but the topic of the siblings also caught his attention.

He added casually: "It's unreliable to recognize relatives by dripping blood, even if you are biological, it's unreasonable to recognize relatives by dripping blood!"

Recognizing relatives by dripping blood is a relatively common way for the ancients to confirm blood relationship, and it is also a matter of course in many people's minds.

Including Liu Bowen, and even many doctors think there is no problem with common sense.

Liu Ji was surprised when he heard this.

This is an interesting and important knowledge point.

"Then how to confirm who is the real sister of Meng Yao?"

"There is no way to confirm!"

Zhang Yi denied this possibility without even thinking about it. In the time he lived, people also lived in fear of being dominated by the old king. It makes no sense that the ancients could be spared.

When Xu Yungong heard this, his little face was full of disappointment.

In his young mind, Zhang Yi was an omnipotent big brother.

"However, blood test is not worthless, but its value lies in confirming whether blood transfusion can be performed. Before the blood type detection method is developed, this is probably the only relatively reliable method... "

Blood transfusion, blood type?
This is another area they are not good at.

"Human blood looks the same, but it can actually be divided into four categories!

They contain different substances in them..."

Zhang Yi tried to explain these reasons in words that children can understand.
"Actually, Pindao also mentioned in "One Hundred Thousand Whys" that you may have forgotten.

The so-called blood recognition is actually because most of the blood relatives have the same substance in their blood, so their blood can be fused together!
However, even children born to parents may have different blood..."

"Why?"

Zhang Yi was chatting, and suddenly heard someone asking a question.

But the sound did not come from the front, but from the front yard separated by a courtyard wall.

"It turned out to be Old Liu!"

Zhang Yi immediately recognized Liu Bowen's voice, and laughed.

At the moment of his distress, Liu Ji was one of the few people in the court who was willing to go against his own interests and avenge his grievances.

After experiencing this turmoil, the friendship between Zhang Yi and Liu Ji is also different from before.

Liu Ji listened fascinatedly behind the wall, but he never thought that what he blurted out would reveal his position.

He chuckled and walked into the backyard.

"The old man was fascinated just now, but he didn't eavesdrop on purpose."

Zhang Yi said:
"It's okay, Meng Yao, go make tea!"

Xiao Mengyao first gave Liu Ji a big gift, and then trotted to make tea.

Liu Bowen: "Hurry up and tell me, the old man was excited just now."

He is a very curious person, and his thirst for knowledge is higher than that of your young man.

"Where did it go?"

Zhang Yi was interrupted and wanted to recall.

"Parents' blood may be different..."

Liu Ji reviewed his own words for Zhang Yi, and Zhang Yi remembered.

"That's right, it's about the blood type!"

"blood type?"

Liu Ji and Xu's girl, one old and one young, were curious babies, repeating his words.

Zhang Yidao: "Blood type, I said that blood looks the same but can be roughly divided into several types!

Well, let’s make a simple distinction. Our blood can be divided into four types due to the different substances in it, Yin, Yang, Yin-Yang and Chaos.

Everyone's blood carries two attributes, among which the blood type representing yang actually carries yang attribute and chaotic attribute.

The yin attribute is yin and chaos, the yin and yang attributes represent the two attributes of yin and yang, and the chaotic blood is two copies of the chaotic attribute.

And children will inherit the blood type of their parents, in fact, the parents will inherit one of the attributes to their children.

So assuming that Pindao’s blood is Yang and my future wife’s blood is Yang, then the blood of the child born can only be Yang and Chaos, but cannot be Yin and Yin-Yang.

The same blood can naturally be fused together, regardless of the biological parents of the other party.

But if my blood is yin and my wife's blood is chaotic, then the blood of the child born may be of two types, yin and chaos, and it is impossible to have two attributes of yang and yin and yang..."

Zhang Yi told everyone about the combination of blood types in a simple way.

he asked:
"In this case, what do you say is that the blood of the father and the child are not the same?"

"The father is one of Yin and Yang, if the mother is Yin and Yang, the child born may naturally become Yin and Yang blood!

According to your theory, the blood of the father and the child are naturally incompatible! "

The girl from the Xu family answered Zhang Yi's question first.

Zhang Yi chuckled:
"That's why Pindao said that it's unreliable to recognize relatives by dropping blood!"

"In most cases, there is a high probability that the blood of the parents and the child is the same... But it cannot be denied that there will be different situations. If these children whose blood is different from that of the parents, if they really recognize their relatives with blood , will only turn into a tragedy...

The things left by the ancestors are not necessarily correct. They have observed the reliable part of dripping blood, but they have not understood the essence of it. Therefore, this method has wronged many women since ancient times, but I do not know how many children have suffered. ! "

"But, isn't your statement also unverifiable??"

"Why can't it be verified?"

Zhang Yi also knew that Liu Ji liked to argue, he said: "We are not relatives, how about we come here to recognize our relatives with blood?"

puff!
Liu Ji took a sip of tea.

We are not relatives, what kind of relatives do we recognize?

But he quickly understood what Zhang Yi meant.

According to his theory, as long as people with the same blood type, the blood can be fused.

This proves from the side that it is not reliable to recognize relatives by dropping blood.

"Try it!"

Liu Ji was never one to be afraid of trying, he reached out first.

Zhang Yi asked someone to bring a bowl of water, Liu Ji dripped a drop of blood, and he also dripped a drop of blood.

The blood of the two is not compatible.

Liu Ji glanced at Zhang Yi, and Zhang Yi smiled.

He dripped another drop of blood and asked Xu's girl to try it.

Xu Miaoyun dropped a drop of blood, and it merged with Zhang Yi's blood.

"impossible!"

When the blood really fused, Liu Bowen stood up abruptly.

To a certain extent, it is common sense to recognize relatives by dripping blood.

However, it is impossible for the Xu family girl and Zhang Yi to be related. The correctness of Zhang Yi's theory is beyond doubt.

Liu Ji's face turned green and pale, but after Zhang Yi's explanation, he understood.

The ancients probably discovered from certain phenomena that the blood between blood relatives can be fused, so they deduced the method of recognizing relatives by dripping blood.

However, this method is only a summary of experience, and no one has conducted large-scale experiments.

Those who are obviously their own flesh and blood but who are rejected by blood have a high probability of becoming victims of this method.

Zhang Yi understood that no one had discovered the special condition in the blood.

The interpretation of many phenomena requires pre-existing disciplines as a basis.

Blood confession is one of them.

Liu Ji still didn't give up, and a group of people in the yard simply dripped everyone's blood for fun.

They are obviously not relatives, but when someone's blood can blend, that feeling is quite novel.

For example, the blood of Xu Yungong and Xu Yungong are not fused together, but the blood of Xu Yungong and Liu Ji is fused together...

Liu Ji: ...

Damn, if it's true to admit blood and blood, he, Liu Bowen, doesn't talk about his reputation, and whether Xu Da will hack himself to death is another matter.

"Interesting, interesting...

This is probably the knowledge derived from your "Wei Yan Lu"! "

Liu Ji didn't know about the heavenly book in Zhang Yi's dream, and only thought that this kid had a celestial fate and obtained the knowledge of these celestial families.

"That's it!"

Zhang Yi was noncommittal, except for Huang's father and son and those people he knew before, he no longer minded that others gave him a lot of aura.

In other words, he discovered the identity of a Taoist priest and the method of pretending to be a ghost, but he can advance some things faster.

Sure enough, Zhang Yi did not admit it, and Liu Ji quickly accepted this fact.

Useless knowledge has increased!

"This matter is worth publicizing, otherwise many people will die unjustly under this method in the future!
But, knowing this, how to use it? "

Liu Ji vaguely felt that the blood type method should be useful.

But how to use it, he couldn't say.

Zhang Yi said:
"Actually, Pindao brought up this topic because he wanted to verify some of his own ideas. This is because Lao Mo was tortured in prison...

Although the allicin had killed him, he almost died of blood loss on one occasion...

So Pindao is thinking about the blood transfusion..."

"Blood transfusion..."

Liu Ji was taken aback, every idea of ​​Zhang Yi was really wild.

Death from excessive blood loss is too common in life.

Most of them naturally happened on the battlefield.

"Blood, can you give it to others?"

"Well, blood comes from the marrow. The human body produces fresh blood every day. If an ordinary person can draw a certain amount of blood in one cycle, it will not affect his health...

As long as we can find a way to replenish blood for those who have lost too much blood, we can improve the survival rate of certain patients..."

When Zhang Yi spoke out his idea, Liu Ji was dumbfounded.

The last time he heard about this miraculous medical technique was back to the legendary Hua Tuo's Mabosan and bone scraping to cure poison.

If Zhang Yi could develop the medical technique of human blood transfusion, his position in the history of Chinese medicine would definitely not be much worse than that of Hua Tuo.

But Liu Ji could also tell that it wasn't easy?
"Isn't it easy?"

"Well, if you want blood transfusions, you need to solve two problems..."

Obviously, Zhang Yi had thought about this problem a long time ago.

So when Liu Ji asked, he immediately had an answer.

"The first one is naturally the problem of blood matching. If blood of different blood types is mixed together, it can kill people.

Yin blood does not mix with Yang blood, all blood from chaos is compatible..."

Zhang Yi expressed the principle of blood type matching in the form of a verse,

It was easy to understand, so the Xu family girl quickly wrote it down.

"Although there are four blood types of Yin, Yang, Yin-Yang, and Chaos, and there are other special blood types that have a very small chance of appearing, there is currently no way to distinguish the preparations that distinguish blood types!

However, if the method of blood recognition is changed, it can be used to confirm whether the blood of two people can be fused!

If it cannot be fused, if blood is sent in, people will die..."

"why?"

"A reaction in which the red blood cell membrane is destroyed and hemoglobin flows out of the red blood cell..."

The statement about cells is actually mentioned in "One Hundred Thousand Whys"!
However, not everyone has read this set of divine books, so Zhang Yi simply explained the theory of blood circulation and the knowledge about cells.

Everyone showed a bewildered expression.

"The polishing of microscope slides is on the agenda!"

Zhang Yi knew that it was difficult for the ancients to accept such advanced knowledge.

A lot about biomedicine is based on anatomy…

It is one of the most basic three views of the ancients that death is the greatest, and there is a whole body after death.

Without special circumstances, the ancients seldom studied corpses, let alone the laws governing the operation of human blood.

The few studies on the human body in ancient books are either obtained by some famous doctors or Taoist priests who are curious about babies.

It is too difficult to form a theory.

Fortunately, he didn't need to, he could find a reasonable source for his theory under the guise of a god.

This is probably the greatest convenience brought to him by being a Taoist priest.

"Go back to Pindao and build a microscope for you to see..."

A microscope is not a big deal if you can build a telescope.

But it's more troublesome.

He has said this sentence several times, and no one takes him seriously.

Liu Bowen asked:

"What about the other condition?"

"How did you send the blood in..."

Blood transfusion is not an easy task. Zhang Yi remembers that it took 400 years from the first time human beings completed blood transfusion to the stable mastery of blood transfusion methods.

"To send blood into the body, you need three things, a blood transfusion container, a catheter, and a needle...the most difficult thing is the needle...

It involved extremely high craftsmanship and the discovery of rubber, and..."

Halfway through Zhang Yi's speech, he realized that these people could not understand, so he stopped talking.

"You mean, this matter is also unsolvable..."

"It's not that there is no solution, it's just that the existing blood transfusion conditions are unstable..."

Zhang Yi recalled the things in his hands. Among the three-piece set of needles, syringes and needle tubes, the craftsmanship of needles is the most difficult...

It is not easy to do it by hand if you want to make disposable needles like those in the later stage, or even reusable needles.

However, if there is no next-level replacement, it is not enough.

The earliest needles used for blood transfusions were made of goose feathers...

This is about 200 years later, and the birth of the first metal hollow needle is another 100 years later.

Mature needle technology requires very high requirements, and it is almost impossible to create it under ancient conditions.

This is the hardest part about blood transfusions and injections.

Just as it is more difficult to make a gun than a cannon, in this age without industrialization,
It is so difficult to make tiny things.

But Zhang Yi felt that he should be able to solve some of the problems...

(End of this chapter)