The Age of Awakening: From the Young Runtu

Chapter 190 Start

Beijing.

"This pile is Yuan Datou, Zhang Zhidong, and some other governors who want to launch a new policy. This pile is the reform and reform papers given to the emperor by the Kang Party in the year of [-].

Don't you have any ideas?

In the year of [-], how many papers did the Kang Party make in total? "

"Back to the Empress Dowager, I have calculated that the Kang Party has a total of 240 papers in three months."

"What did Kang Dang's notebooks say?"

"One is to reform the law, and the other is to reform. The reform has many aspects, such as training new troops, reforming education, and promoting industries. Let boats be able to sail in the water, and the roads are full of cars."

"These 240 excerpts are 240 tricks for the reform. The Eight Kingdoms invaded the capital, and I went to Chang'an in embarrassment. It has been three years since I came back. What tricks have you all come up with?

How many of you are capable.It's not even as good as the Kang Party, so why talk about a new deal.You showed me all the new gadgets of foreigners. Where is the New Deal of my Qing Dynasty now?

When Li Zhongtang was alive, he said that there are talents in the Kang party. If Kang Youwei didn't want to rebel, I would give him the position of prime minister.

Of course, the emperor was too fussy back then.That doesn't work either. In a word, the New Deal of the Qing Dynasty must not be inferior to the Kang Party.

Yuan Shikai. "

"The minister is here."

"You must do something in Beiyang. It's the same sentence I told the emperor in the year of [-]. As long as it doesn't violate our ancestors' great law, you can work hard."

"The humble minister leads the decree."

Since being bullied by the Eight Kingdoms, the queen mother has suffered a lot, and she is disgraced.

Now that we know more about Westernization, the New Deal must be implemented.

She also supported the Reform Movement of [-].

It’s just that if it affects your own rights, then you can no longer support it.

The current emperor is still under house arrest by him.

"Queen Mother, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Township made a statement. It is said that Zhang Ruosong's No. 40 Three-Mixed Association has thousands of new troops, and all of them have their braids cut off. This is a violation of the ancestral family law. That Master Zhang himself Also cut off the braid."

"All the braids cut off?"

It was too early to cut the braids.

It will be several years before the number of braid-cutting in the new army begins to increase.

"What kind of system is it? The court officials of the Qing Dynasty actually cut off their braids."

It's okay to say that the new army cut off even the officials.

Immediately started discussing this topic.

"Queen Mother, this is Jiashan Daily, Jiashan's youth digest magazine. These are some photos taken in Jiashan. There are many factories and arsenals among them."

Prince Chun said directly: "I don't think it's wrong to cut your braids. The new army is trained in Japanese and German drills. Neither the Japanese nor the Germans have braids."

This prince is very powerful.

The Queen Mother's pro-nephew.

two years ago.

It is he who is going to apologize to the Eight Kingdoms on behalf of them.

Only then.

I'm only in my early twenties now.

Been to Germany.

Saw German military exercises.

It was quite shocking at that time.

The drills of the German army were still quite fierce.

It is completely different from the army of the Qing Dynasty.

None of them have braids, and for the first time, I was a little dissatisfied with my braids.

By now, the prince is already in his early 20s, and he is hot.

The ministers all wondered whether the queen mother would abolish and give the throne to his nephew.

Later, it was actually passed on to the son of Prince Chun.

Cut the braids, the current Queen Mother doesn't take it seriously.

Instead, I looked at those photos thoughtfully.

"Zhang Ruosong, I remember him. Is this his factory?"

The photo is rather blurry.

It can still be seen that the scale of the factory is relatively large.

"Okay, big factories, big industries, new schools, this is the new policy that is needed."

When the school was mentioned, a minister immediately said.

"Empress Dowager, I think that the imperial examination should be reduced year by year to promote new learning."

"Decremental imperial examinations, to what extent?"

"First reduce the martial arts, and then reduce the essay. Until all the city examinations are over."

"You mean, the imperial examination is useless?"

"What do other people mean? You guys are all famous, so let's talk about it."

"After returning to the Queen Mother, it is right to do new learning and practical learning. However, I think that there is no need to abolish the imperial examination. The imperial examination is still the foundation of our talents in the Qing Dynasty and the source of people's hearts. It must never be abolished."

"What about the rest."

"The imperial examination system was not started in the Qing Dynasty. It began in the Tang Dynasty and was the most prosperous in the Ming Dynasty. But the Ming Dynasty still sent the country to the Emperor Taizu. It can be seen that it is a useless study."

"What do you mean, the new learning can replace the learning of the imperial examination?"

"It's not possible at the moment, so it's decreasing year by year. For example, martial arts, now they are all foreign guns and cannons. Those who ride horses and archery, you punch me and kick me. Naturally, the martial arts exam is useless. As for the provincial examination, it will wait for the provincial examination. There are elementary schools everywhere, primary schools, middle schools, and they can be abolished."

"What kind of new learning can replace the popular learning."

"The study of the human heart, isn't there such a subject in the imperial examination?"

"Imperial examination does not have the knowledge of making guns and cannons, building bridges and paving roads. But it does have the knowledge of determining human relations, distinguishing loyalty from traitors, knowing morality, and distinguishing people's hearts. The Queen Mother, in the opinion of humble ministers, new learning is the goal, and the imperial examination is the key link. The end of the book is the outline, and the outline is the book. The new learning is Western learning, and the imperial examination is middle school.

Didn't Master Zhang Zhidong once say that Western learning is for body and middle school is for practical use?Now he also advocates the abolition of the imperial examination, but I don't know why it backtracked. "

The ministers discussed for a while.

All new studies are supported.The only difference is that some people want to abolish the imperial examinations directly and devote themselves to new studies.

Some other ministers want to keep the imperial examinations and take a two-pronged approach.

Queen Mother: "Having said so much, new schools still need to be established. All provinces should try to set up some. For example, women's schools, foreigners have them all, but here we don't have a girl's school. This Jiashan County has set up a women's school. , I don't know what scale it is, I heard that it is still a mixed school.

Beiyang also had to run a women's school.Yuan Shikai, you can do one in Zhili. "

"Yes."

"Don't be afraid of doing wrong things, and you have to do things. This is one thing. If there is a benefit, there must be a disadvantage. This is also a rule. If you don't eat enough, you will be hungry, and if you eat too much, you will be full. This is also a rule."

"According to the order."

Now the imperial examination corresponds to the new-style school, primary school equals scholar, middle school corresponds to tribute student, high school corresponds to Juren, and university corresponds to Jinshi.

As long as you can graduate from the Imperial University, you are almost a Jinshi.

Use this to bridge the gap between the old and new school systems, so that people from the old school can move closer to the new school.Under these systems, people of the old school can choose to enter the new school for further study according to their own fame or quasi-fame status.

But as long as the imperial examination system existed, members of the most elite families would not go to the new schools, but would continue to take the imperial examination.

Now, even graduating from elementary school is awesome.

For example, when recruiting police officers from the Feng Department, candidates can enter the police school after passing the reading and writing test, which has a formal establishment.

Elementary school will do.

The current elementary school can almost have the treatment of the future university, and it still has a staff.

Now the contradiction between new learning and old learning is a bit deep.

Traditional scholars have a discriminatory attitude towards new learning, which is called strange and obscene skills.

The biggest contradiction lies in being an official. Students from new schools will have the opportunity to be an official. Correspondingly, the opportunities for traditional scholars will be reduced, and their places will be squeezed out. They will naturally try their best to oppose it.

Not all traditional scholars can go smoothly on the road of imperial examinations. When the road of imperial examinations cannot continue, many of them become teachers.

Like those scholars, they open private schools and learn from them.It can make money.

The emergence of new schools will compete with them for students and directly affect income.

With the Eight-Nation Army, the Empress Dowager learned from the painful experience and wanted to implement a New Deal.

He even put forward the direction of reform, learning from Dongying, and building a constitutional monarchy.

It was the proposition of the Reform Movement of [-].

Some relatives of the royal family began to discuss constitutional matters.

"Talk about the constitution."

"To Lafayette, a constitution can protect the hereditary throne."

At this time, all the relatives came here, such as the prince or something.

"What did you say?"

"He is right, constitutional, there is still an emperor, but this republic has no emperor. Constitutional, no matter what, it is better than a republic."

"Lafayette is holy. Since the Russo-Japanese War, Japan won and Russia lost. The theory that constitutionalism is better than autocracy spreads in all countries. Not long ago, the Russian emperor issued an edict to implement a constitutional monarchy."

Japan and Russia fought for more than a year.

For the territory, some of which are Chinese territories.

Even the battlefield is still going on in the northeast.

After the eight countries withdrew from the capital.

The Russian army remained in the northeast.Want to invade.

Dongying did not agree.

Japan has its own interests.

Russia wants to monopolize the Northeast.

Go to war directly.

This battle made Japan even more powerful in the world.

"Many of my scholars in the Qing Dynasty also petitioned for a constitution."

"Let's talk about the advantages and disadvantages of constitutionalism. We are all one family. If we say things behind closed doors, we don't have to be afraid of making mistakes. We are just afraid of not saying anything."

"Empress Dowager, the slaves think that if our court does not implement a constitution, it will be useless. After the national disaster of Gengzi, it is difficult to return to the weak, and the constitution is what the people want."

In the year of Gengzi, the Eight Kingdoms signed a peace treaty and paid indemnities to cede land.

Silver is in the hundreds of millions.

All this money is to be obtained from the common people.

"Nowadays, the rebellious party is promoting the republic overseas, and there are many followers. The only thing that can compete with the republic is a constitution. The slaves think that only a constitution can preserve the foundation of the dynasty."

"To put it lightly, after the constitution is established, the rights belong to the constitutional government. Where is the power of the emperor and the queen mother?"

"Constitutional monarchy, there are Japanese-style real monarchy constitutions, and there are also English-style virtual monarchy constitutions. The slaves think that the real monarchy constitutions in Japan are in line with the national system. How to change this constitutional government, constitutionalism is necessary. To conform to the will of the people, it can also eliminate The wave of fate overseas can also make the monarchy difficult for thousands of years."

The Queen Mother was persuaded.

Indeed, the constitution of Japan and the constitution of England are two completely different things.

In Japan now, the emperor has great power.

The emperor of England is really just a display, for viewing.

Japan is different.

Don't say anything else.

The little devils call themselves the imperial army, so it can be seen that the little devils are very obedient to their emperor.

Even better than the emperor of the Qing Dynasty.

Empress Dowager: "I'm old, the changes over the years have been too great, and there are always new things. My brain is not enough. How to make a constitution? The country left by our ancestors must not be lost. The country belongs to me. It is also yours, and it must not be lost in your hands. This is how the constitutional matter is settled.

In the year of [-], the Kang Party mentioned the constitutional issue.I remember saying that Japan sent five ministers to visit other countries.We should also sit like this and send five ministers overseas.

Duanfang, you, as well as Zhen Guogong, Minister of the Household Department, Minister of the Ministry of War, you guys go to a few more countries to clarify this constitutional matter. "

"The slave leads the order."

"Minister of the Ministry of Officials, you go to Jiashan to have a look."

Going abroad mainly inspects Japan.

The other is European and American countries.

The Empress Dowager pays more attention to this matter.

The five ministers are all first- and second-rank officials.

A large number of entourages were also selected and selected. The selection criteria was that those with pure heart and insight must be selected to be able to take charge of the task.The entourage is not only large in number, but also of higher rank and better quality.

They are all diplomatic talents.

Choose slowly.

In a few days, quite a few people were selected.

The fact that the imperial court wants to implement a constitution has already spread.

The Empress Dowager agrees with the constitution, mainly because of the three major benefits, the throne is permanent, foreign troubles are lessened, and internal strife can be eliminated.

Overseas Mr. Sun frowned when he heard the news, "If our country wants to progress, we can only take the road of republic."

"For thousands of years, there are always some people who want to overthrow a country and start over. What happens in the end? It's just a change of dynasty."

Mr. Sun: "No, my fate is completely different from the past regime changes. The history of China's dynasty changes is to overthrow one emperor and make another new one. I want this system, not a dynasty change."

"It's not easy. Where did your republic idea come from? America. It's only 100 years old, and it's still an immigrant country. The culture is new. They have a republic, no problem. Can we do it here? Thousands of years, the republic is too It’s difficult, but a constitution is feasible.”

Mr. Sun: "This is ignorance of the true civilization of the world, and of the true progress of the world. Constitutional law cannot save the Qing court. Instead of letting the Qing court survive, it is better to hasten its death."

Mr. Sun came back directly from overseas, and the Qing Dynasty cannot be allowed to establish a constitution. If the Qing court really lingers for a while, it will be difficult.

"The Qing court wants to establish a constitution, so give him a good start. Just blow up the five ministers."

"It's just that bombs are hard to handle."

"Principal Cai in Jiashan. He has developed a bomb and developed a small but powerful explosive. There is even an arsenal in Jiashan, we can buy it."

The arsenal here sells weapons.

The arsenal invests tens of thousands of yuan every month.

Don't sell weapons, get some money back.

There are too many losses.

"Mr. Cai, a Jinshi of the Qing court, resigned as the principal of a school in Jiashan. He proposed that five educations should be developed simultaneously. Military and national education, utilitarian education, civic moral education, worldview education, and aesthetic education should not be neglected in recent education. Yes. The reform is all support for the republic.”

(End of this chapter)