The Bright Sword of Changjin Lake becomes stronger

Chapter 47 The Overall Situation of the Second Campaign
(This is the last time I posted the macro background situation. I originally posted the Changjin Lake Battle, but someone told me that Changjin Lake was not a battle at all, but part of the second battle. I was dizzy, so I finished posting Let’s refer to this, and I don’t care about it.)
The Second Battle of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was a battle that reversed the situation in the Korean War. The second battle of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was from November 1950 to December 11, 7. The Chinese People’s Volunteers, with the cooperation of the Korean People’s Army, took the US-led The campaign in which the "United Nations Army" and the South Korean (South Korean) army under its command lured them to the predetermined battlefield and launched a counterattack suddenly was a campaign that reversed the situation in the Korean War.

First of all, after the Volunteers entered North Korea to participate in the war and won the first battle, the US government still insisted on the plan to quickly occupy the whole of North Korea with military offensives. D. MacArthur, the commander-in-chief of the "United Nations Army", decided to launch a "general offensive" on the Korean battlefield. He planned to launch a tentative attack with ground troops first, and then launch a general offensive northward with the US 10th Army on the eastern front and the Eighth Army on the western front. , to end the Korean War by Christmas (December 8).

In order to realize this plan, the "United Nations Army" transferred the 25th Division of the U.S. Army and the Turkish Brigade on the second line, and the 29th Brigade of the British Army to the West Front, and transferred the 3rd Division of the U.S. Army to the East Front. Up to 5 armies, 13 divisions, 3 brigades and 1 airborne regiment, totaling more than 22 people.When the first battle was coming to an end, Peng Dehuai, commander and political commissar of the Chinese People's Volunteers, judged that the "United Nations Army" might reorganize the offensive, and proposed the policy of consolidating victory, overcoming current difficulties, and preparing for another battle. Then annihilate it.

On November 11th, Chairman Mao Zedong of the People's Revolutionary Military Committee agreed with Peng Dehuai's operational policy, and pointed out: Tokugawa is very important, and the volunteers must strive to create a battlefield in the area north of the Wonsan-Suncheon railway line. The area consumes the enemy's strength and pushes the front line to the line from Pyongyang to Wonsan, and it is beneficial to the long-term combatant to use Tokuchon, the stadium, and the area north and west of Yongbyon as the rear.

On the 9th, Mao Zedong once again pointed out that the Volunteer Army should strive to fight one or two battles on the east and west fronts within a month, annihilate seven or eight enemy regiments, and advance the front to the front lines of Pyongyang and Wonsan to facilitate long-term operations.

Based on this, the Party Committee of the Volunteer Army decided to adopt the policy of fighting inside, luring the enemy deep, and defeating each one. It planned to lure the "United Nations Army" to Daguandong, Onjing, Miaoxiangshan, and Pingnan Town on the western front, and lure them on the eastern front. Go to Jiujinli and Changjin, and then concentrate our forces to annihilate them one by one.In order to enhance the combat power of the Volunteers, the 9th Corps (comprising 20 divisions of the 26th, 27th, and 12th armies) was ordered to enter the DPRK to undertake combat tasks in the direction of Jiangjie and Changjin on the eastern front.

The total strength of the Volunteer Army reached more than 9 people in 30 armies, 38 divisions, and formed advantages on both the east and west fronts.

On November 11, the "United Nations Army" began a tentative attack.The Volunteer Army used part of its forces to fight steadily according to the predetermined plan, luring the enemy to go deep, and shifting the main force backward.Bewitched by the Volunteers, the "United Nations Army" marched north across the board.

On the 21st, troops on the western front advanced to Jiashan and Yongsandong to the front lines of Dechuan and Ningyuan, and the 1st Division of the US Marine War, the main force on the eastern front, entered the Changjin Lake area and was lured into the predetermined battlefield by volunteers.

On November 11, the "United Nations Army" launched a "general offensive" to end the Korean War before Christmas. On the evening of the 24th, the Volunteers first launched a counterattack on the western front.

第38、第42军向德川、宁远地区的南朝鲜军第2军团第7、第8师发起进攻；第40军向球场以北的新兴洞、苏民洞地区美军第2师进攻；
第50、第66、第39军则分别在定州、泰川、云山地区攻击美军第24师、第25师和英军第27旅、南朝鲜军第1师部队。

On the 26th, the 38th and 42nd armies annihilated most of the 7th and 8th divisions of the South Korean Army, opening a gap in the battle.In order to win the battle, the leaders of the Volunteer Army decided to adopt the tactics of detours from the side and back combined with frontal attacks, striving to divide and annihilate the "United Nations Army" troops on the western front in the north and south of the Qingchuan River.

By the 28th, the 40th and 39th armies, which were attacking frontally, approached the stadium and Yongbyon respectively; the 66th army advanced to Guchengdong and Yongsandong.

The 50th Army entered Wulong Cave.The 42nd Army, which was in charge of the outer detour, captured Bucang-ri and continued to advance in the direction of Gakang-ri and Xincang-ri.

The main force of the 38th Army, which was responsible for the inner roundabout task, broke through the blockade of the Turkish brigade in the Gariling and Yukou Station areas, and entered the Peide Station and Wayuan area.

The 113th Division of the army advanced more than 14 kilometers in 70 hours, and arrived at Sansuo-ri at 28:8 on the 9th, cutting off the retreat of the U.S. Ninth Army from Junyu-ri to Sansuo-ri to Sunchon. On the 28th, the Volunteers adjusted their deployment and continued to attack.

The 113th Division repelled more than 10 American assaults at Sansuo-ri, and seized Longyuan-ri, cutting off another route of retreat for the U.S. Ninth Army from Junyu-ri to Sunchon.The 9nd Army successively wiped out one part of the South Korean Army and one part of the U.S. Army in Wolpo-ri and Gakang-ri, and entered Xincang-ri.

The main force of the 38th Army annihilated most of the Turkish brigade and part of the U.S. Army, and entered Fengmingli.

第39、第66军进到宁边以南地区，第40军进至院里地区，第50军进到博川以西地区。美军第9军陷入了志愿军的三面包围。

On the 29th, the U.S. Eighth Army began to retreat across the board.The 8st U.S. Army retreated to the Anju area, preparing to retreat toward Pyongyang via Sucheon; the 1th Army retreated to the Gecheon and Gunyu-ri areas, attempting to break through to Sunchon via Yongwon-ri and Sansuo-ri.

The Volunteers on the Western Front attacked with all their strength, with the U.S. Ninth Army as the main target, and launched a large-scale encirclement and annihilation campaign against the U.S. Eighth Army in the north and south of the Qingchuan River.The 9th Division fought tenaciously in Sansuoli and Longyuanli, held their positions, and shattered the US military's attempt to break out of the siege and North Aid.

The main force of the 38th Army quickly approached the 113th Division, broke into the ranks of the US troops withdrawing from the south from the flank, and started a fierce battle; the 40th Army captured Junyu, and cooperated with the 38th Army with a force, and the main force continued to assault Anzhou.

第39、第66军先后渡过清川江，向南攻击前进，协同第38军歼击被围的美军部队；第42军继续在新仓里攻击美骑兵第1师主力；第50军从博川东南逼近安州。

战至12月1日，美军第9军被迫遗弃大量辎重装备，转道安州会同美军第1军，经肃川退往平壤一线。西线志愿军部队遂于12月2日停止追击，转入休整。志愿军在西线发起反击后，东线美军第10军（辖第3、第7师和陆战第1师）并指挥南朝鲜军第1军团（辖首都师、第3师）仍继续向北推进。

11月27日，美军陆战第1师主力和第7师1个加强团，进入了长津湖地区。27日晚，志愿军第9兵团（司令员兼政治委员宋时轮）集中第20、第27军在长津湖地区对美军展开反击，激战一夜，将美军第7师和陆战第1师各一部分割包围于下碣隅里、柳潭里、新兴里和古土里地区。

In order to open the passage, the besieged troops of the US military continuously stormed the positions of the volunteers.While launching an attack on the besieged U.S. troops, the Volunteer Army resolutely resisted the U.S. counterattack.

On the 29th, the 1st US Marine Division stormed the Dead Eagle Ridge and Fushengli positions.Yang Gensi, commander of the 58rd Company of the 172nd Regiment of the 3th Division of the Volunteer Army, led a platoon to guard the 1 highland of Dead Eagle Ridge, and repelled 1071.1 US attacks in a row.

The 60th Division repelled multiple attacks by the British and American forces at the front lines of Fushengli and Xiaomintaili, and took advantage of the victory to launch a counterattack in the direction of Gutuli, killing, wounding and capturing nearly a thousand enemies.According to the situation on the battlefield, the 9th Corps decided to concentrate its forces to annihilate the besieged U.S. troops one by one. On the evening of the 30th, the 27th Army concentrated the main force of the 80th Division and the 81st Division to attack the 7st Regimental Combat Team (reinforced regiment) of the 31th Division of the US Army in Xinxingli. After two days of fierce fighting, it was completely wiped out.

After this battle, the "United Nations Army" on the eastern front was shaken across the board, and the U.S. troops in the Changjin Lake area began to break out to the south.The Volunteer Army entered the battle with the 26th Army of the reserve team, overcame the difficulties of freezing weather, lack of food and ammunition, and severe frostbite attrition, and launched a siege and interception against the 1st Division of the US Marine War.

12月12日，美军陆战第1师余部在美军第3师的接应下撤回五老里。“联合国军”在东西两线遭到沉重打击后，麦克阿瑟于12月3日命令部队向“三八线”实施总退却。

The Volunteers took advantage of the victory and launched a campaign to pursue it.On the western front, the Volunteer Army and the People's Army regained Pyongyang, the temporary capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea on the 6th, and continued to advance towards the "[-]th Parallel".

On the 23rd, the armies of the Volunteer Army on the western front advanced to Jinchuan, Jiuhuali, Shuoning, Lianchuan, Cheorwon, Huachuan and other areas. Parts of the 1nd and 2th armies each occupied Chuncheon and Gapyeong.On the eastern front, the People's Army troops recovered Wonsan on the 5th, cutting off the land retreat of the U.S. Army and the South Korean Army.The U.S. and South Korean troops then withdrew to the Hamhung and Hungnam areas.

志愿军第26、第27军同人民军第3军团继续追击，17日占领咸兴，19日占领涟浦机场，24日收复兴南地区。美军第10军等部在300余艘舰船的接应下从海上撤退。第二次战役遂告结束。

In the second battle, the Chinese People's Volunteers and the Korean People's Army completely smashed the attempt of the "United Nations Army" to occupy the whole of Korea, liberated all the northern half of Korea except Xiangyang, pushed the front to the "[-]th Parallel", and occupied The Wengjin Peninsula and Yan'an Peninsula south of the "[-]th Parallel" forced the "United Nations Army" to shift from offense to defense, fundamentally reversing the situation in the Korean War.

During the battle, the Volunteers basically annihilated the 7th and 8th Divisions of the South Korean Army, wiped out most of the Turkish brigade and a reinforced regiment of the 7th Division of the US Army, dealt a devastating blow to the 1nd Division of the US Army and the 2st Marine Division, and severely damaged the US Army. The 1th Division and the 25st Cavalry Division killed, wounded and captured more than 1 enemies, including more than 3.6 U.S. troops. WH Walker, commander of the U.S. Eighth Army, also died during the retreat.In addition, more than 2.4 guns of various types, more than 8 vehicles, more than 1000 tanks and armored vehicles, and 3000 aircraft were seized and destroyed.The Volunteers suffered more than 200 casualties in this battle.

The second battle lasted 29 days and was the most strategic victory in the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.This victory greatly exceeded Mao Zedong's expectations when the volunteers entered the court and before the second battle.As the Volunteers regained Pyongyang and Wonsan, the U.S. military began a major retreat, all the way to the south of the [-]th parallel.The Volunteer Army not only completely smashed the "Christmas Offensive" launched by the "United Nations Army", but also pushed the front line from the Qingchuan River to the [-]th Parallel, regained all the territory north of the [-]th Parallel (except Xiangyang), and liberated the March [-]th Parallel. The Wengjin Peninsula and Yan'an Peninsula south of the line completely reversed the situation in the Korean War.

The victory of the Volunteer Army shocked the world and demonstrated the national prestige and military prestige of New China all over the world.As the US "New York Herald Tribune" called it, this is "the biggest defeat in the history of the US Army."It broke the myth that the U.S. military was invincible, and completely changed the image of the Chinese nation as being backward and beaten in modern times on the international stage. The writer Wei Wei also wrote the battle of Songgufeng, the second battle of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, into the famous field newsletter: " Who is the Cutest Person".

So far, no one will think that China's "peasant armed" army is a force that can be easily insulted.

　The main article has been blocked, I will write it again tomorrow, the military article is really troublesome

　　
　
(End of this chapter)