Daming: Old Zhu, we agreed not to rush!

Chapter 28 Because there are too many people
emperor!

The emperor is the biggest obstacle to the continuation of the country.

In a word, Zhu Biao was silent.

Su Jing smiled and said: "What's the matter, are you afraid?"

Su Jing thought that Zhu Biao was afraid to speak because he was afraid after mentioning the emperor.

"Master Su, what is the possibility, the student wants to know."

In Zhu Biao's firm eyes, there is an extremely persistent belief.

He must find a way to make Daming last forever!

"Oh, not bad."

Su Jing nodded slightly, he admired this kid's temperament.

"Then I'll explain it to you."

Su Jing directly dipped his hands into the tea in the teacup, and wrote a character for "Tian" and a character for "Ren" on the table.

"You know these two words, right?"

Su Jing asked Zhu Biao.

Zhu Biao replied: "The students know each other. One is Tian and the other is human."

Su Jing continued: "Okay, then do you know why Tian characters are written like this?"

Zhu Biao replied: "Qin destroyed the six kingdoms and established the Qin Dynasty. The books are in the same track, and the cars are in the same text. Since then, Tianzi has been written in this way."

"It's not wrong, but let me tell you, even before Qin destroyed the six kingdoms, the characters of the Spring and Autumn and the Seven Kingdoms were different, but the writing of this Tian character was basically the same. Do you know why?"

Su Jing asked again.

Zhu Biao thought for a while and said: "It's because the shape of the field and the land are very similar, so it is written like this."

"very good!"

Su Jing was very satisfied and said: "Then the question comes again, how did the shape of the land become like this?"

Now Zhu Biao was stunned.

In his subconscious mind, the land is square like this.

But he also knows that in actual production, most of the land cannot be so regular.

More irregular shapes.

So why do I subconsciously have such a cognition?
"Students don't know, students just think it should be like this."

Zhu Biao replied truthfully.

Su Jing was not surprised, and said with a smile: "It should be used well. In fact, it starts with the well field system."

"The well field system appeared in the Shang Dynasty and matured in the Western Zhou Dynasty."

"At that time, the roads and fields criss-crossed, and the land was divided into squares, which looked like a well, so it was called a well field."

"The part of the well field looks the same as the current Tian characters. This is the origin of the Tian characters."

"The well field system stipulates that all land belongs to the state, that is, the king of Zhou, who divided the land to the princes layer by layer, and the princes distributed the land to the senior officials, and the senior officials distributed it to their children and subordinates."

"These landowners at all levels, or slave owners, divided the land into public land and private land. The public land is the best land they enjoy themselves, and the private land is the poor land, which is distributed to ordinary people to cultivate. "

"The output of the public land needs to be taxed, because all the land belongs to the king of Zhou, and the private land belongs to the slave owner himself."

"This has led to a large number of slave owners driving slaves to reclaim wasteland and expand their private fields."

"Originally private fields were difficult to cultivate and the output was not high, but the emergence of iron ox farming has made these private fields a favorite."

"And when all the private fields that can be cultivated have been cultivated, they set their sights on the public land."

"As the power of King Zhou gradually declined and slave owners continued to encroach on public lands, the Western Zhou Dynasty gradually declined until it died out."

"The slavery society has thus entered the end."

"This is also what I said before. The emergence of iron farming has led to the disappearance of slavery society."

"But in fact, what is the core reason? Niu Yi, can you see it?"

This is Su Jing's habit. When talking about a key point, he always pauses and asks Zhu Biao.

Zhu Biao listened very seriously, and immediately replied: "It's because the slave owners of the state encroached on their private fields, and their strength continued to expand, while the strength of the Zhou royal family continued to decline, resulting in weak masters and strong ministers. This is the result of the collapse of the Zhou royal family." reason."

Being in the emperor's family, Zhu Biao has a good history, especially the history of the rise and fall of the dynasty.

After all, history is the best mirror.

Su Jing nodded slightly and encouraged Zhu Biao, but then his face changed: "This is the most straightforward reason, it is a phenomenon, and we should look at the essence through the phenomenon."

"In the final analysis, it is actually the contradiction between these two."

With that said, Su Jing pointed to the two words just written on the table:

"People want more land. At the beginning, they look for unowned wasteland. After the unowned land is gone, they will merge with each other until the largest landowner appears."

After Zhu Biao listened, he asked: "Master Su, you are right, but you said before that the feudal dynasty started from the Qin Dynasty, and the demise of the Western Zhou Dynasty was related to changes in the economic foundation. Why did the feudal dynasty definitely perish? "

"Looks like you still don't understand!"

Su Jing shook his head slightly, and said with a smile: "Then I will tell you about this feudal dynasty."

"I said before that the early stage of the establishment of a dynasty is that the war has just ended, the population is sparsely populated, and everything is destroyed, right?"

"At that time, there were fewer people and more land. Whether it was used to reward meritorious generals or let farmers reclaim wasteland, it was very abundant."

"But as the dynasty continues to develop and continue to recuperate, the population will skyrocket in a few generations!"

"In an ordinary family of two, there are three children in one generation, and roughly 27 in the fourth generation. This is an exponential growth. I have taught you the calculation method before, so I won't expand on it."

"Normally speaking, population growth is a good thing for a dynasty, because the population represents the labor force."

"But there is a problem. If there are too many people and too little land, what will happen?"

"There is a limit to the amount of food that can be grown on each piece of land. What will the final result be as the population continues to grow?"

Zhu Biao was stunned, and he said blankly: "The more the poor, the more frequent the famine, and if the dynasty can't suppress it, then there will be peasant uprisings."

This is exactly the family history of his father Zhu Yuanzhang!
Incomparably real!
The beginning of the Ming Dynasty was based on the collapse of the previous dynasty.

Su Jing nodded and said: "Yes, whether it is famine, war or disease, these are the most direct ways to consume population, and war is also the most effective method."

"More importantly, in the process of population explosion, wealthy bureaucrats continue to annex farmers' land, resulting in poorer farmers and more serious social conflicts."

"It is an insoluble problem that existing levels of productivity cannot keep up with population growth."

"In the conflict between people and the land, one party must make a compromise, and this compromise can only be made by people!"

"Now, you understand why feudal dynasties always change periodically."

Zhu Biao replied blankly: "Because there are too many people."

(End of this chapter)