1949 I am from the future

()【25】Aviation Industry Bureau

Xiaoqiang sat down, coughed, and officially started blowing:

"We know that modern aviation originated after the Industrial Revolution in the [-]th century in the West.

In [-], hot air balloons and hydrogen balloons were launched in succession in France.This year, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty in China was happily making his fourth tour of Shengjing, boasting of his "Wenchengwude".

After 69 years, in 1840, a manned airship powered by a steam engine appeared in France, realizing powered flight for the first time.This year, Emperor Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty was busy fighting with the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. At this time, 12 years had passed since the Opium War in [-], and this decadent feudal dynasty was on the verge of decline.

In this way, another 51 years passed, and in 30, the aircraft equipped with internal combustion engines and propellers manufactured by the two Wright brothers in the United States successfully made the first sustained, powered and scalable aircraft with wings. Longitudinal manned flight.This is an epoch-making initiative, opening up a new era of human aviation.Of course, the human beings here cannot forcefully count the Chinese.The Chinese people called yellow pigs in the West are struggling in the strangulation of the Qing court after the failure of the Reform Movement of 40, and Empress Dowager Cixi is still continuing to hunt down the revolutionary party.Boxer indemnity, as the No.4 six new products of Western powers, is further sucking the marrow of China.Everyone knows that the Qing Dynasty signed [-] treaties that forfeited power and humiliated the country. In other words, if there are four more, this prodigal dynasty will come to an end.

After another 41 years, in 23, the world's total aircraft production reached 2, more than the sum of all countries' aircraft production during the First World War.The aviation industry has formed a huge industry, and aviation science and technology have made great progress.The achievements of jet technology and supersonic aerodynamics, structural mechanics, thermodynamics, material science, etc. that had appeared during the war were further developed and applied after the war.Jet engines have widely replaced piston engines, aircraft have broken through the "sound barrier" and "thermal barrier", and their flight speeds have reached 3-[-] times the speed of sound. Human beings have entered the era of supersonic jet flight.

This year, World War II is coming to an end, and "Selected Works of Mao Zedong" is also published, but China's airplane dream is still far away from us Chinese children.

We will make up for the gap of more than 100 years starting today. "

After all, Xiaoqiang looked around at the leaders and comrades present, and saw that everyone was staring at him. It seemed that his opening remarks were okay.

Cao Xiaoqiang pretended to pick up the white porcelain teacup in front of him, took a sip of water, and continued to talk eloquently:

"The aviation industry is a typical knowledge-intensive and technology-intensive industry. It constantly absorbs and synthesizes basic sciences such as aerodynamics, aerothermodynamics, structural mechanics, and aeroelasticity, as well as metallurgy, polymer chemistry, electronics, jet propulsion, The achievements of technical sciences such as automatic control and technology are also supported by a large number of industrial departments such as metallurgy, chemical industry, fuel, machinery, electronics, textiles, building materials, etc. Therefore, the aviation product - aircraft, is the crystallization of modern science and technology, and is Known as the "Flower of Industry". The development of the aviation industry constantly puts forward new requirements, and promotes the development of various related disciplines and the technological progress of industrial sectors.

The degree of development of the aviation industry and the advanced level of aircraft provided have become an important indicator of a country's national defense and economic strength.In modern three-dimensional wars, military aircraft are not only responsible for seizing air supremacy, carrying out ground attacks, implementing battlefield interdiction, and carrying out air transportation and other major combat missions, they can even carry out surprise attacks before a war breaks out. and an important factor in the outcome.

Strategically, long-range bombers carrying nuclear bombs cooperate with missiles and nuclear weapons to form a nuclear deterrent force, which has become a threat to peace and an important means to curb war.In the civilian field, airplanes provide people with fast, economical, safe and comfortable means of transportation, which facilitates people's lives, improves the work efficiency of the whole society, promotes the development of remote areas, and strengthens exchanges between countries around the world.In terms of industrial and agricultural production, aircraft provide a variety of operations and services, such as geological exploration, resource survey, geodetic survey, land planning, offshore oil extraction, high-altitude hoisting, ambulance liaison, planting and fertilization, weeding and pest control, forest fire prevention, It has been widely used in fields such as environmental protection, and has had a profound impact on the transformation of traditional production methods. "

I don’t know if I understood, anyway, the leaders present all nodded their heads, seemingly satisfied with Xiaoqiang’s introduction, but some comrades whispered under their breath, meaning they didn’t expect the plane to have so many important functions.

In fact, before the outbreak of the Korean War in history, our demand for aircraft was only for national defense, hoping to defend our country's airspace, that's all.

This time, Xiaoqiang clearly outlined the broad prospects of aircraft applications for everyone present, and immediately threw out the definition of "flower of industry".The participating comrades immediately understood the extreme importance of the aviation industry.

Xiaoqiang went on to say:

"In terms of economy and trade, aircraft is a high-value-added product that consumes less materials and less energy. Industrial developed countries often use it as an important pillar for expanding exports, earning foreign exchange, and balancing the balance of payments.

Aviation industry plays a very important role in national defense construction and economic construction. All developed countries and some developing countries regard it as a high-tech strategic industry that plays a leading role in national construction, attach great importance to it, and focus on its development.

Looking back at old China, from 40, when the Qing government set up a factory in Nanyuan, the northern capital, to manufacture aircraft to [-], there was no aviation industry that could be called an industrial sector for nearly [-] years.This is shown in:

First, most of the aircraft actually used in old China, whether military or civilian, were purchased from abroad and could not be provided by domestic manufacturers;

Second, the old China did not have a basic industry to support the development of the aviation industry.Therefore, even if a small amount of aircraft is manufactured, it is limited to airframe manufacturing and assembly. Other important components and finished products, such as engines, metal propellers, landing gear, cockpit instrumentation equipment, and important raw materials, cannot be self-sufficient, but must rely on foreign countries. ;

Third, the old China's aviation research and testing facilities were poor and lacked basic means, so they did not have the ability to research, design, and test higher-level new aircraft;

Fourth, old China suffered from political turmoil and frequent wars. Although there were a group of talents educated in aerospace engineering, their ingenuity could not be brought into full play under the conditions at that time.

In a word, the foundation of manufacturing aviation products in old China was very meager, and they were basically subordinate to imperialism and selling goods for them.

This is the inevitable result of the old China becoming semi-feudal and semi-colonial.After the indiscriminate bombing, relocation and displacement of Japanese planes during the Anti-Japanese War, and the destruction of the Kuomintang during the Liberation War, equipment loss, and factories were dilapidated and disintegrated. In addition to leaving some aviation technical personnel, the only meager foundation is left There are not many left. "

After Xiaoqiang finished speaking, he saw that everyone had already taken a pen to record it.I was a little apprehensive in my heart, what was there to record about my hanging book bag?However, he couldn’t stop reading halfway through the book, so he looked at the Prime Minister, who smiled and nodded at him, so he continued to speak according to his memory:

"Before the birth of New China, we Chinese Communists have long attached importance to the role of aviation in the revolutionary cause, and under extremely difficult conditions, we have made active preparations for the aviation cause of New China.

As far back as [-], the Communist Party of China cooperated with the Kuomintang led by Sun Yat-sen, and with the assistance of the Soviet government, established the Whampoa Military Academy and the Military Aircraft School, and selected students to study in the Soviet Union to train the backbone of the revolutionary team. .

After the failure of the Great Revolution, Mao Zedong decided to transfer Chang Qiankun, Wang Bi, Tang Duo and others who had already studied in the Soviet Union to the Soviet Air Force Aviation Academy and Zhukovsky Air Force Academy to study.

During the Anti-Japanese War, Mao Zedong selected 44 cadres to study flight and maintenance in the Xingjiang Air Force; it also organized a Xingjiang Aviation training class to train more aviation talents.

In [-], the Mechanical Engineering School (Aviation School) was established in Yan'an, and later merged into the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University, called the Anti-Japanese University Engineering Team, to train and gather talents for the development of the aviation industry.

After Japan surrendered, the aviation team of the Yan'an Central Military Commission and aviation cadres from all over the country went to Yan'an to advance to North China and Northeast China with the army to receive the aviation equipment of the Japanese invading army.

In September [-], the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region Air Station was established in Zhangjiakou to receive airport and aviation military equipment and conduct personnel training.In November of the same year, the Northeast Minzhu Allied Air Force was established.

In March 500, the Northeast Minzhu United Army Aviation School was established.It turned out that a group of cadres who had studied aviation in the Soviet Union and Xingjiang, the uprising Kuomintang Air Force personnel, and the retained Japanese aviation technicians all worked in this school, and successively trained more than [-] aviation technicians of various types. .The school also established a repair shop, machinery factory and material factory to repair a batch of aircraft and engines left over from Japan.

In November 3, the Maintenance Department of the Northeast Aviation School entered Shenyang and took over the factories and warehouses of the Kuomintang Air Force, plus the three factories of the former Northeast Aviation School, and reorganized them into six factories and one equipment warehouse.

In [-], the acceptance working group of the aviation school entered the customs with the army, and successively took over Beidu Nanyuan Airport and Repair Factory, Nandu Airport and Aviation Parts Manufacturing Factory, Puhai Airport and the Kuomintang Air Force Supply Command, as well as Central South, Northwest and Air Force airfields and repair shops in the Southwest, etc.

The Aviation Department of the East China Military Region gathered senior domestic aviation engineering technicians at that time to form the East China Aeronautical Engineering Research Office.In addition, the Aviation Department of the East China Military Region and the Aviation Department of the Northwest Military Region also mobilized graduates from the aviation departments of Puhai Jiaotong University, Zhongyang University in Southern Metropolis, and Northwest Institute of Technology to participate in aviation construction.In this way, talents and certain material conditions were prepared for the establishment of the new China's air force and aviation industry.

In September [-], at the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, Chairman Mao solemnly declared to the world: "The Chinese people have stood up!" He also declared: "Our people's armed forces must be preserved and developed. .We will not only have a strong army, but also a strong air force and a strong navy.” At the beginning of the founding of New China, the construction of the People’s Air Force and the aviation industry were put on the important agenda.

As early as January [-], the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed in the resolution "The Current Situation and the Party's Tasks in [-]": "In [-] and [-] In [-] we should strive to form an air force that can be used."In March, the Aviation Bureau of the Revolutionary Military Committee of the Communist Party of China was established.On November [-]th, the Central Military Commission announced the establishment of the leading body of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force.

While speeding up the formation of the flight force, the People's Liberation Army has successively received and cleaned up the aviation personnel and facilities left over by the Kuomintang government during its victorious march.By October 2312, a total of 100 aviation personnel of various types had been accepted, including 113 engineering and technical personnel.It also received 1278 aircraft, 40918 engines, 40 tons of other aviation equipment and materials, 12 airports, and [-] factories.Most of these planes, airports and factories were destroyed during the war and when the Kuomintang troops fled.

At that time, the war of liberation was still going on, and the Kuomintang planes not only harassed the front lines, but also frequently bombed the liberated cities: the People's Liberation Army urgently needed to equip planes to go into battle.Although the planes we received were very dilapidated, we cherished them very much and tried our best to restore them and make them function.

Shenyang was liberated in November 5, and the flames of war had not dissipated yet, so the military administrators posted notices, summoned diaspora workers, quickly restored 26 small repair shops (fields), and repaired [-] aircraft of various types in more than half a year .

In March [-], when the northern capital was liberated, the People's Liberation Army took over the Nanyuan Aircraft Repair Factory and various aviation equipment in time, and quickly started repairing fighter jets, trainer planes and transport planes.In September, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De inspected the Nanyuan Repair Plant.

After Puhai was liberated in June 17, the repair of transport aircraft was organized immediately.The aircraft used by the Air Force in the early days were repaired by the repair unit to overcome the shortage of personnel and equipment, and even risked the frequent bombing and sweeping by Kuomintang aircraft.On October [-], [-], during the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China, [-] bombers, fighter jets, transport planes and trainer planes of the People's Air Force flew over ** and were inspected by the state leaders and the people.

It seems to me that the seeds that have been planted for many years should start to sprout now! "

After Xiaoqiang finished the long speech he found from the Beihang library, he saw that all the leaders present had different expressions. The Prime Minister nodded with a smile, Nie Shuai cracked his mouth when he simply laughed, and Commander Liu took the lead in applauding excitedly. Come!The other leaders who were surprised by Xiaoqiang's explosive and comprehensive speech applauded enthusiastically.

The applause lasted for a long time.Everyone is really convinced!

The participants and secretaries of various units sitting in the back row applauded and admired secretly.

"Look at his information, it's really detailed! He said the importance of the aviation industry is truly a flower of industry." A secretary whispered.

"He is simply a living textbook. He is indeed at the level of an expert. Even if these words are published in the internal publications of the Ministry of Heavy Industry, there is no need to change a single word." An official of the Ministry of Heavy Industry said.

"Didn't you listen to Commander Liu's introduction before the meeting? This is the chairman's secretary, and his knowledge can't be better! You can see that he quotes from many sources, with detailed data, and the information is at your fingertips. This is really a talent!" An accompanying secretary of the Central Finance Committee was full of praise.

Listening to these comments, Xiaoqiang was really ashamed and panicked. He felt that the things he said were stinky and long. I feel knowledgeable.Fortunately, Xiaoqiang has a thick skin, and he is calm about everyone's applause, so no one can see that he is shy.