national surname chiming

Chapter 521 The old man is aiming for a thousand miles (three updates! The new book has been signed)
("Brother Zhuge Liang" has been signed, and this book has been accelerated, and the number of words is [-] today.)
After 16 years of continuous natural disasters in the well-off society, Daming devoted all its energies to recuperating, restoring people's livelihood, rectifying transportation infrastructure, and developing science, technology, culture and education, etc. "hard training internal skills".

This gesture gave Galdan an illusion: that is, the warning that Daming gave him five years ago seems to be just a mouthpiece that is strong on the outside but hard on the inside.In fact, Daming was completely overwhelmed by himself, and he didn't dare to take any real action against the Zhungar tribe.

Ever since, from the 16th year of Xiaokang to the 20th year of Xiaokang, the Junggar tribe will not be idle. Of course, a hero like Galdan has made full use of the window period given to him by Ming Dynasty, expanding rapidly, extremely domineering, even more powerful than history. During the same period, it expanded even more rapidly——

This is actually not surprising, because in history Galdan faced Kangxi.Although Kangxi is not strong, he has a characteristic, that is, he is not as concerned about the life and death of the people as the Ming emperor in this time and space.

Therefore, in the past five years in history, Galdan wanted to completely conquer Qinghai-Tibet, but was actually restrained by the Qing army. Although the Qing army failed to achieve any substantive results and consumed a lot of money, it was impossible to talk about victory. , but in any case it also held back the enemy.

An additional important reason why the Qing army fought so hard in history was that the Qinghai-Tibet region had special significance for the Qing Dynasty's rule. During the Qing Dynasty, the Mongols were encouraged to believe in the Yellow Sect of Tibet.

And if the Junggars, who are also a branch of Mongolia, control Qinghai-Tibet and control the right to speak in their beliefs, the Manchu emperor will worry that the Mongolian tribes will be won over by the Junggars, and their hearts will be unstable, so they have to fight immediately.

In contrast, there was no consideration of faith in the Qinghai-Tibet confinement of the Ming Dynasty. After all, it was a barbaric land called "Uzang" since the Yuan Dynasty. The priority for Daming is not that high.

So, in the past five years, during the first year, Galdan took advantage of Daming's neglect, killed Oqier Tuhan, and swallowed half of Qinghai's land.

In the following two years, by 1680, he had wiped out all the remaining corners of Qinghai and the main forces in Tibet, and even occupied Lhasa for a time.

Beginning in 1681, the southern forces were completely eliminated. After being blocked by the Himalayas, Galdan returned to the north and launched a new western expedition.In two years, they captured Samarkand, Tashkent, Bukhara, Wakhan...

Conquered the equivalent of the entire territory of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan in later generations.Plus the eastern half of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, plus the Wakhan Corridor in Afghanistan.

Among the five stans of the five Central Asian countries in later generations, only the westernmost Turkmenistan was not touched by Galdan, the other two were fully occupied, and the other two were half occupied.Galdan's power has also reached the peak of his history.

(Note: These achievements were all achieved by Galdan in the official history, and he was not blamed. It’s just that the Qing army’s garrison in Qinghai restrained him in history, and he did not achieve it so quickly)

After realizing all this, Galdan already has more than 600 million Tatar and Mongolian tribesmen, who are not old or weak, but only adult men and women.Including the Central Asian countries and the Qinghai-Tibet region conquered by him, the total population approached 2000 million.

Therefore, don't underestimate Galdan, he was definitely one of the most powerful powers in Asia at that time.If Daming hadn't attacked Fusang, then in all East Asia except Daming, the population of Fusang would be more than that of Galdan.

(Note: Historically, there were more than 500 million people in Fusang during this period, but now they were beaten by Ming Dynasty and Kyushu was cut off, which is less than 2000 million, so it is lower than Galdan and ranks third in East Asia)

Historically, Kangxi’s so-called three campaigns against Galdan did not completely defeat each other. The two sides fought for 20 years. In the end, Galdan was assassinated and poisoned to death (it is also said that he died immediately after excessive indulgence), and Galdan’s The nephew gave his body to Kangxi, and he surrendered in name. Kangxi, who was frightened by the beating, hurriedly recognized the other party as the successor of Junggar Khan, which was regarded as regaining face.

But in fact, the Junggar tribe has been at war with the Qing Dynasty for a total of 80 years. It was not until the 24th year of Qianlong, when the Junggar was pacified, and when the Zhuo Rebellion was leveled, that the threat of the Junggar Khanate was completely resolved and the territory was occupied.

Can an existence that can fight against the Qing Dynasty for 80 years, from the 20th year of Kangxi to the 24th year of Qianlong, which is known as the "prosperous age of Kangxi and Qianlong", be Yi Yi's generation?
Galdan in its current heyday is even a little bit stronger than the heyday in the same period of history, because he was not restrained and consumed by Ming in the process of unifying the Central Asian countries and Qinghai-Tibet, and was almost flattened down.

From his more than 600 million Mongolian and Tatar tribesmen, he can select more than 30 elite Mongolian cavalry.

Among them are the latest Rakshasa musketeers of 5 people, as well as camel artillery, and camel firearms arrays carrying crate armor.

If the other tens of millions of non-Mongolian servants who were conquered by him are counted, then he can recruit more troops-but, Galdan never thought of using these alien races to fight.

He is also very clear that these alien races were conquered by him with bloody force, and it took only seven or eight years at most, and the shortest one was just conquered for a year or two.

With a population of 200 million, if the Mongolian army's enlistment ratio is also followed, it is absolutely no problem to enlist 70 troops.But these 70 people were sent to the battlefield, and it is estimated that there will be a situation where slaves will defect in the Battle of Muye.

Therefore, strictly speaking, Galdan can be called "a crowd of one million", and then he actually took out more than 30 Mongolian cavalry and [-] musket cavalry.

Such inflated force finally made him lose his fear of Da Ming, who was also said to be very powerful.

And the fuse of the Ming-Mongolian War was ignited under such circumstances.

……

The fuse of the war finally happened in the autumn of 21 in the 1683st year of Xiaokang.

The reason was that after Galdan had completely conquered both directions in the southwest, because the north was his Rakshasa ally and could not expand, he finally set his sights on the east.

Focusing on the central area of ​​Monan Mongolia to the north of Hetao, that is, the Baotou and Hohhot areas of later generations.

There lived Khalkha Mongols, who belonged to the Oirat Tatars like Galdan in terms of bloodlines.

However, as we all know, as early as nearly 30 years ago, just a few years after the fall of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, together with Kachahar Mongolia and Horqin Mongolia, they surrendered to the Ming Dynasty and became the subjects of the Ming Dynasty.

Therefore, if Galdan dared to set his mind on the annexation of Khalkha Mongolia, then it would be safe to take the initiative to start a war with Ming Dynasty.

However, in Galdan's heart, as a hero who has ruled the world for more than ten years, he really can't bear the fact that the Khalkhas, who are also part of the Oirat Tatars, choose to be dogs for Daming!
Don't these people have the dignity of being the descendants of Genghis Khan's golden family?Everyone is an Oirat Tatar, and they obviously share the same language and race with Galdan, but they go to seek refuge in the Ming country with a different language and a different race. What is this kind of behavior if it is not "rape"?
Therefore, in the autumn of this year, when the autumn grass was abundant and the horses were fat and fat, Galdan hadn't thought about whether he would completely turn against Daming or not.

But he just decided to take a large number of Tatar cavalry, wander around the grasslands around Baotou and Hohhot, show off their power and graze, and look for opportunities.

As a result, this "armed patrol" went off without a shot.

On September 24th of this year, Galdan personally led more than [-] Tatar iron cavalry soldiers to appear on the grassland more than a hundred miles northwest of Guihua City (Hohhot), showing off their might and grazing to frighten them.

As a result, Khalkha Mongolia is certainly not monolithic.Over the years, the Khalkha Mongol executives knew how powerful Ming was, and they had completely surrendered to Ming.But there are always small tribal chiefs who are not living well down there, who are suffering and want to make a comeback and do something.

So early in the morning, two small tribal chiefs who did not agree with the Khalkha Mongol sect suddenly broke out and defected to the enemy, and took the initiative to defect to Galdan.

From the standpoint of Galdan, he feels that he is now the most orthodox successor of Genghis Khan, the great hero who unified all other Mongolian tribes except the part of Mongolia in the east.

Now that the tribal chiefs of Khalkha Mongolia have finally recognized Zhengshuo and abandoned Ming to Mongolia, they must definitely be encouraged and set up as a benchmark.

But from the standpoint of Daming, this kind of behavior of directly accepting the tribes of the Ming Dynasty and annexing the people, livestock, pastures and grasslands brought by them is of course an aggression against the Ming Dynasty!

The grasslands of these tribes who voted for Junggar are of course considered part of the land of the Ming Dynasty!This is not called aggression, what is aggression?

Therefore, the border generals of the Ming Dynasty and the officials of the relevant vassal department responded immediately, and warned Galdan within a few days and within half a month that the traitors of the Ming Dynasty were not allowed to be taken in, all the traitors must be returned, and the grassland territory they had donated was spit out!

To be honest, Galdan didn't care much about the population and pastures at first.However, he regarded himself as the unifier and savior of all Mongolia, and his dignity and status did not allow him to do this kind of behavior of "returning the clansmen who came to serve to the Ming Dynasty".

What's more, the two chiefs who came to join him said very nicely, saying, "Because Ta Galdan conquered Qinghai-Tibet, and we Mongolians have always believed in Tibetan traditions, so we believe that the world has changed. You have occupied Tibet, you are the Zhengshuo of the Mongols in the world."

This little brother said that he is the Zhengshuo of the Mongols in the world, can he let go of Zhengshuo's halo of right and wrong?
At this point, there is no solution at all, and we can only fight to the end.

Galdan said very strongly:

He is the co-lord of the Mongols in the world. I hope that the emperor of the Ming Dynasty will recognize the situation and reality, and not do things beyond his control.

Otherwise, he doesn't mind having another Civil Fort change.At that time, what he wants, he will go to Beijing, and even go to Nanjing to get it!

……

After all the cruel words have been put down, what else is there to say?Of course Daming is going to directly declare war.

Ever since, after several rounds of back-and-forth for three or four months, and from October 21 of Xiaokang to February of the following year, the two sides officially planned to meet each other.

Daming officially declared war on Junggar, and three months before the start of the war, it was estimated that the situation would not be good, so it began to notify the nine sides in advance to mobilize the army and gather forces to deal with it.

Therefore, the frontier army of the Ming Dynasty actually received orders after the Lantern Festival in the 22nd year of Xiaokang at the latest, and each department mobilized its troops to restart the war machine.

And Galdan was naturally not to be outdone. At the beginning, he only pulled 30 cavalry to show off his power and patrol. After knowing that he must fight, he just temporarily retreated for the winter. In fact, he mobilized more main forces from the rear to pull [-] cavalry. come over.

Spring, March 1684. 30 Mongolian iron cavalry and a large number of Ming army's nine-sided elite entered the vast battlefields around Baotou and Guihua City in later generations, and the war was imminent.

This area is the traditional pastoral area of ​​Khalkha Mongolia. According to the instructions, it is very dangerous for the army to come here to fight, because it is already outside the Great Wall.

However, the cause of this war and the point of contention is "should Khalkha Mongols be the subjects of Daming, or the subjects of other Oirat Mongolians with the same language and the same species as him", so Daming cannot give in. Compete for this grassland of Khalkha Mongolia.

Before the war officially broke out, some ministers in the Ming Dynasty who didn't know the soldiers were quite flustered. They even thought that they could leave some grasslands to avoid the war.

For such cowardly remarks, of course, they were criticized by the cabinet minister Zhu Shuren and the emperor Zhu Ciyu, and those who should be demoted will be demoted.

And some people didn't say they shouldn't fight.But they feel that the Ming Dynasty has been at peace for a long time now, the old veterans of the past have all withered, and the troops on the nine northern sides have not fought for at least 25 years.

The soldiers and personnel have completely changed. Today's soldiers have not participated in the war against the Qing Dynasty more than 30 years ago. How can they talk about combat experience and mental toughness?
These people have no bad intentions, they just belong to the "defeatist counselors". Some people approached Zhang Huangyan and others to advise:
"Cao Bianjiao and Li Fuming have died of illness for more than [-] years, and Huang Degong, Liu Guoneng, and Zhu Wenzhen have also died of illness for more than ten years. The generals promoted by the court in recent years are generally talents who fight in the south, or are naval generals, and very few are good at grassland cavalry. Great regiments fought.

In this autumn of national calamity, it is suddenly necessary to use troops against hundreds of thousands of Mongolian cavalry, who should be in command?Do you want Mr. Zhang Ge to supervise the teacher personally?You are 63 years old, can you still stand the desert wind and sand?Or let Mr. Zheng Ge supervise the teacher?He is also 59 years old. "

Facing the difficulty of talent shortage, Zhang Huangyan had no better choice, so after conspiring with Zhu Shuren, he finally decided to dispatch Li Dingguo from the south to lead the troops north ahead of time, while Zheng Chenggong was only in the Great Wall Pass as an assistant minister of the cabinet and in charge of the Ministry of War. Supervisor.

Li Dingguo was already 63 years old at this time, thanks to the high level of Ming Dynasty's medical treatment of tropical diseases, he was seriously ill and lost his staff when he was reformed in Southeast Asia in the past few years.

However, he is originally from Shaanxi, and he has been used to the north since he was a child. He participated in many land battles and cavalry battles in the Northern Expedition to destroy the Qing Dynasty, so it is not a problem to drag his aging body to command.

The main reason is that many other generals who grew up younger have no prestige. Daming has not fought in the northern land for nearly 30 years, so he can only be old.

The 59-year-old Zheng Chenggong took the 63-year-old Li Dingguo on the journey to the north.

(End of this chapter)