national surname chiming

Chapter 477 Leveraging the Pressure of Foreign Enemies to Engage in Daming's Own Reform
Now that Zhu Shuren has set a timetable for counterattacking against the outside world for the next 20 years, the Ming Dynasty's internal affairs construction, farming and technological planning in the following years will naturally serve this timetable.

Of course, Zhu Shuren's inner thoughts cannot be disclosed directly to the cabinet members.

Because many of the decision-making bases here, especially his threat to the future of the Oirat Mongols such as the Junggar tribe, and the threat of the Raksha people to the Central Plains Dynasty, all come from Zhu Shuren’s previous historical knowledge, which cannot be said to outsiders. Straightforward answer.

In the first seven-year cycle right now, the plans to deal with Burma and Vietnam can barely be revealed and disclosed to Shi Kefa and Zhang Huangyan.After all, this first stage, anyone with a discerning eye can see it now.

Li Dingguo's report back about the disrespect of Myanmar and Yue, and the embezzlement of those swaying chieftains in Yunnan are all solid evidence of crimes.Even Shi Kefa understands that only by beating once can they fully recognize the reality and let those regimes on the Indochina Peninsula know that Ming Dynasty has completely revived this time, which is different from before.

And Zhu Shuren felt that it was enough for Shi Kefa to understand this step.

Because Shi Kefa is over 60 years old, he may not be able to live until the end of the implementation of this seven-year plan.Even if he lived a long life, he must have retired and left the center of power by then.

The next two seven-year plans are just the worries of important officials like Zhu Shuren, Zhang Huangyan, and generals of Li Dingguo and Zheng Chenggong's generation.

……

After he had figured it out in his mind, Zhu Shuren held his "planning meeting for the next seven years" at the Jiangning Museum outside Nanjing at the end of April 1663, an early summer slack season.

The Jiangning Museum is now considered a holy land of science in the Ming Dynasty. It has been 15 years since the construction began in the third year of Longwu.

The various museums, zoos, and botanical gardens that were built separately at the beginning were all merged together.The Daming Academy of Sciences under the Ministry of Industry sent another organization to manage it.

The Ministry of Industry is at the ministerial level, and the Daming Academy of Sciences is at the departmental level. In theory, the chief officer should be at the level of a doctor. However, because Zhu Shuren attaches great importance to scientific work, he will actually be given the title of minister in charge of the work of the Academy of Sciences.This is like the "deputy department directly leading the work of the department" in later generations.

Therefore, the treatment of units at all levels below the Academy of Sciences has also risen with the tide, and the person in charge of the museum is no longer the head of the Ministry of Industry, but a Yuanwailang.

Its work is not only to carry out the research and display of these physical exhibits, but also covers the compilation and publication of various popular science books, and engages in scientific literacy for the public.Because the drawings and printing required for this kind of work are very complicated, Daming also made some optimizations in printing technology. In recent years, it has even been able to print natural history illustrations with color pictures.

After 15 years of construction, the surrounding areas of Jiangning Town seem to have become a Nanjing new city, and the level of prosperity is no less than that of Nanjing City.The park of the museum has also expanded several times compared to the beginning, and there are countless sanatoriums and conference venues opened in this land of singing birds and flowers.

In the years of stalemate with the Manchu Qing, many Korean and Chinese officials made some criticisms about the construction of science and technology and engineering research institutions in Jiangning Town.It's not that they are opposed to these constructions, but they simply think that "the key departments should be built within the city walls of Nanjing, how can such a large-scale construction be carried out in a small town in the countryside."

If the city of Nanjing encounters foreign enemies in the future, and barbarians attack, the city can still be maintained by the city walls and defenders, and the facilities outside the city will be for nothing?
But only Zhu Shuren knew, given the status quo that Nanjing City had developed and prospered for hundreds of years at that time, how congested the city was, and a bunch of dignitaries and dignitaries bought properties.If it had to be built in the city of Nanjing, the stalls would definitely not be able to spread out, and there would be constraints everywhere, and the environment would not be suitable for a "university town".

Therefore, in order to enclose as much land as possible and develop wantonly, Zhu Shuren would rather be outside the city.

Anyway, only he knows that with the development of artillery firepower in this era, future national defense must rely on keeping the enemy out of the country, at least relying on border defense lines and flexible defense of mobile forces.

The value of traditional city walls will only get lower and lower, so it doesn't matter whether they are protected by city walls or not.

In the future, the city wall of Nanjing City will only gradually evolve into a cultural relic.Perhaps in the future, it will be necessary to rely on a design proposal similar to Lin Huiyin's in history that "the top of the Beijing city wall can be transformed into a people's park" to save the city wall from being demolished by the process of industrialization.

That being the case, Zhu Shuren conducted technology and engineering research in Jiangning Town in advance, and gradually built a new city in Nanjing in the future. On the contrary, it can preserve the city wall of Nanjing in disguise, so that the rulers don't have to worry about "unable to industrialize Nanjing without tearing down the city wall of Nanjing."Let the old urban area protected by the city wall only undertake political functions in the future, and other functions can be handed over to the new urban area outside the city wall.

……

"I haven't been to Jiangning for several years. I didn't expect the prosperity of this place to be no less than that of the capital. Your Highness is really far-sighted, and it will benefit future generations."

Shi Kefa, who is old and sick, has lived in seclusion for several years, and rarely even goes out of Nanjing City Wall.This time when Zhu Shuren convened a meeting, he was carried here to relax.

As soon as he saw the museum, a bunch of scientific research institutions, and industrial factories in Jiangning Town, he felt as if he was in another world.He even thought that if he didn't have to go to court in the future, he might as well find a nursing home outside the city for the elderly.

Surrounded by so many exotic flowers and plants, rare birds and animals, one can feel refreshed by the singing of birds and flowers, and may live for a few more years.

"Mr. Xian likes it, so he can just find a nursing home to occupy it. What's the matter? Don't worry, it's not a public property of the country. It's all the property of the Shen family. It's just a borrowing."

Zhu Shuren was of course generous and generous, especially since he knew Shi Kefa's temper was relatively clean.He didn't say give it away, but the other party borrowed it indefinitely in his later years, directly blocking the other party's excuses.

Everyone chatted for a while, and soon Zhu Shuren introduced the main topic of the meeting.

"This meeting is to discuss my plan for the next seven years of Ming Dynasty. This time I have recalled Ning Yu (Li Dingguo's word) from the front line in Yunnan. If you have any questions about some things, you can ask him face to face. A rare opportunity.

Judging from his memorials, Burma and Yue are still quite accommodating of the remnants of the southwestern rebels who were wiped out last year, and they have invaded to a certain extent the chieftains in Yunnan who have not yet completely reformed their native lands.

It's just that it's only been a few months since the new monarch changed his name, so it's not appropriate to use weapons rashly.Moreover, my Ming Dynasty's current pharmaceuticals and chemistry are not enough to completely deal with the tropical mountain rainforest, and I still need to work hard in the past few years.Therefore, Gu intends to formulate a three-to-four-year internal affairs plan, all with the purpose of using troops in southern Xinjiang at that time, completely making Burma and Vietnam surrender to Ming Dynasty again, and understanding the situation clearly. "

After Zhu Shuren explained the purpose of the meeting, everyone had no objection, and then Zhu Shuren divided up the discussion topics, starting from the three directions of internal affairs reform, construction of newly occupied territories, and scientific research.

He first mentioned the part of the internal coup after the new king took the throne.

Strictly speaking, the reform has nothing to do with future actions against Burma and Vietnam. In other words, it should be reformed whether or not foreign troops are used.

But now that Xinjun has just changed the Yuan Dynasty, it is indeed suitable to push the reform. Zhang Juzheng also started to do it in the first year of Wanli.

Zhu Shuren felt that many of the parts that were abolished after Zhang Juzheng's death during Zhang Juzheng's reform can still be brought back and continued to be used.

The official management part of Zhang Juzheng's law is the best preserved. Some of the assessment content he set for official performance were not completely abolished after he himself, so this part was left directly.

As for the part of Zhang Juzheng's financial law, the government has already died, and after decades of three rates, lijin, and industrial and commercial taxes, the sources of finance and taxation are complicated, and it is impossible to return to the one-whip law.So it can only be borrowed a little bit, and then re-enacted.

Moreover, the population of Daming has dropped sharply now, less than half of that of Zhang Juzheng, so the conflict between people and land is not very acute. It can also move several million people to the new reclamation area in the northeast, and it can also grow corn and potatoes. There is no need to move the possession system for the time being, so as not to move too many things at once and cause a backlash.

Zhu Shuren is very clear that the reform must be carried out step by step, and the administration of officials and finance must be handled separately, so that it is possible to unite with the majority at all times, attack the minority, and maximize the united front supporting the reform.

Focus on one reform in the first seven years, and then reform in the next seven years after conquering it. In this way, three major reforms can be completed within 20 years.During each successful reform, in the face of doubts from the public, we could rely on external military victories to prove that "the reform has indeed enriched the country and strengthened the military," thereby consolidating the political correctness of the reform.

All kinds of reforms since ancient times, after all, need to rely on a rich country and a strong army to hand in the answer. When Wang Anshi made the reform in the Song Dynasty, an important criterion was "after the reform was implemented, whether the victory or defeat of the Song Dynasty against Xixia became stronger or weaker. ".

If during the reform period, the Western Army suffered a major defeat against Xixia, then Wang Anshi's group would have to take the blame and resign, demote several officials, and the promotion efforts would also be suspended.And if the Western Army wins a big victory, it will often be able to take advantage of the victory in the reform of internal affairs.

With hundreds of years of vision and insight, Zhu Shuren naturally imagined this Tao very thoroughly.

Burma, Vietnam, Junggar, Rakshasa, these are not enough to be the troubles of Daming's confidantes, but they still have to be dealt with. If someone offends me, I will definitely offend them. But when committing crimes, we can't just think about committing crimes, but also use a thousand catties to put the internal affairs interests at risk. Piggybacking along with maximization.

……

"The first phase of the reform that I want to implement mainly involves finance. I want to combine Zhang Juzheng's law with other laws since the dynasty's three salaries and lijin, so that the imperial court's finances will gradually return from the wartime system to the peacetime collection method. come up.

After all, in order to destroy the Qing Dynasty and quell the thieves, the imperial court began to fully experiment with Lijin in the south in the 14th year of Chongzhen, and it has been 22 years.In the past 22 years, the finances have always been relatively ample. Relying on the support of industrial and commercial taxes, we have supported soldiers and officials to build ordnance and maintain supplies.

But lijin is not a common law after all, our generation can use it, and it is better to be prudent in the financial regulations left to future generations. "

When Zhu Shuren said this, he paused to see if others could understand his painstaking efforts.

Zhang Huangyan reacted quickly. He usually knew all kinds of problems about Lijin. Now that his cousin raised it, he immediately expressed his usual worries:

"Lijin is really quick to collect money, and what is collected is money from rich merchants, and the goods involved are rarely necessary for the poor people, so the pressure on the poor people is very small, and it is easy to collect.

It's a pity that although this method has various advantages, it has one serious disadvantage, that is, it needs to set up cards in different provinces, and the collected money is retained in different provinces, and all the money is promised to be used by the province.At the beginning, there was a strong enemy attacking, and the provinces reluctantly participated in it for their own benefit and to protect their own safety.

But now that my Ming Dynasty has returned to its prosperous homeland, this kind of business tax that each province pays for its own use is already a bit out of date.Nowadays, it is only my generation who has made great achievements in ZTE, civil and military, so it can forcibly suppress the actual use of lijin.

Once our generation in the future... can't leave this kind of problem to future generations, it will definitely lead to the trend of feudal towns. "

Zhang Huangyan is very clear that one of the important reasons for the formation of vassal regimes in the Tang Dynasty is that all the personnel, financial and military powers were delegated to the various envoys.

Therefore, it is possible to decentralize financial power in a special period. After the generation of ZTE who fought in the South and the North, and then decentralize, the subsequent emperors, cabinets, and household departments may not be able to suppress the place.

In fact, to put it bluntly, Zhu Shuren and Zhang Huangyan themselves were feudal towns that were fattened by the lijin system.So no one knows better than them the potential dangers of this road and how to prevent them.

It's like no one knows better than Zhao Kuangyin how to drink wine to release military power, how to prevent rebellion from being inspected in front of the palace, who made him rebel like this.

Zhu Shuren saw that the cabinet supported his idea and realized the pain point, so he continued to elaborate on his idea:
"So, Gu plans to gradually cancel lijin on a trial basis in the next seven years, and replace it with the new industrial and commercial tax uniformly collected by the imperial court, which will no longer be collected in the circulation link, but will be collected in the production link.

Then, like the land tax, it can be collected uniformly by the imperial court instead of being retained by the provinces and localities.Or at most, only a small part is reserved for the local government. For example, [-]% is allocated, the imperial court takes [-]%, and the local government reserves [-]%.If you stay a little longer, the reform will not be too radical, which will completely dampen the enthusiasm of local taxation. "

After Zhu Shuren finished speaking, both Shi Kefa and Zhang Huangyan couldn't understand it. It wasn't that they thought it was bad, but that it couldn't be implemented at all, and it wasn't operable.

Zhang Huangyan pointed out sincerely: "However, how to collect taxes in an all-round way in the production process? Is it the same as the weaving tax in Jiangnan at the beginning, and each loom pays four dollars a year in tax silver? Directly count the number of machines?
Apart from this method, I really can't imagine how to count the production link tax sources of private industry and commerce tax. "

(End of this chapter)