Xuande

Chapter 84 Let's start a dispute

This special situation surprised the scholars.

They thought it was the emperor who began to give in to them.

However, just when they thought it was the emperor's resignation to them, they found that the other 2000 scholar officials still had not obtained the emperor's permission to take office. They still had to pay a fee of [-] million yuan to take office, and the fee could not be exempted.

The scholars, Monk Zhanger, were puzzled. At first, they couldn't figure out what was special about those six people.

Until it was pointed out that the six scholar officials who had obtained the permission to "be an official for free" seemed to be scholars from families who studied ancient Chinese classics.

Everyone looked at it again, hey, that's really the case, those six people were all from the study of ancient Chinese classics.

Then the attitude of the scholars of the two factions is quite subtle.

The contradiction between the ancient text school and the modern school has always been there, and everyone is very clear that the dispute between them is fundamental, and there is no possibility of reconciliation.

The ancient text schools are all rising stars and hope to gain enough political power, but the modern text schools hold most of the political power and are not willing to share power with the rising stars.

The two sides have launched a protracted and fierce debate around the status of national recognition.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the attack of the School of Classical Classics failed.

In the Wang Mang period, Wang Mang, who was reformed by the ancients, chose to stand for the softer ancient texts and classics school for his own benefit, and set up "Mao Shi", "Zuo Shi Chun Qiu", "Zhou Guan Li" and other academic officials, and raised them to high positions. The juxtaposition of classics and classics is a glorious period for the study of ancient scriptures and classics.

The struggle between the ancient Wenjing school and the Jinwen Jing school in the Xinmang period was not over.

After Wang Mang's rapid fall, the academic officials of the School of Classical Classics of Ancient Literature were of course also hit. A large number of classics of ancient literature were lost, and the teachers of classics of ancient literature who attached themselves to Wang Mang were liquidated.

However, Liu Xiu, who founded the Eastern Han Dynasty, realized the opportunity that the struggle between the two schools might bring, and was equally dissatisfied with the ideological and theoretical guidance brought by Jinwen Confucianism to his dynasty, so he inherited some of Wang Mang's policies.

Liu Xiuli disregarded the strong protests of the Jinwenjing School, and established "Zuoshi Chunqiu" as an orthodox academic study, and established academic officials alongside Jinwenjing's "Gongyang Chunqiu".

I don't touch your upper-level theoretical guidance, but I want to make some improvements to the following specific methods of doing things. You can't stop me from trying, right?
Facing the threat of imperial power, Jinwen School had to compromise.

But at the same time, they also believe that as long as "Zhou Guan Li" is not established as an orthodox academic, as long as "Yi Li" belonging to the Modern Literature School is still the highest guiding theoretical thought of the Luoyang court, then no matter what the people in "Zuo Shi Chun Qiu" are Tossing, the main theme of Jinwen School's dominance of government affairs will not change.

What's more, "Gongyang Chunqiu" was still the official academic of the Eight Classics at that time, and this point has not changed.

As a result, the power of the School of Classical Classics in Ancient China still maintained a certain scale, and it was able to stand in the court and continue to fight against the School of Classical Classics in Modern Times.

However, just as the school of literature judged at the time, as long as "Yi Li" as the core guiding ideology of the entire Eastern Han Empire remains unshaken, no matter how much the "Zuoshi Chunqiu" group struggles, they will dance in shackles.

At that time, the still weak ancient literature school missed this window period and failed to gain a firm foothold smoothly.

So in the period of Emperor Hanzhang, at the Baihuguan meeting, out of consideration of his own interests, Emperor Hanzhang decided to unify his academic thinking again and depose Zuo's Spring and Autumn academic officials, so that students of the School of Classical Classics could not continue to study Zuo's Spring and Autumn and become officials. .

This behavior greatly weakened the influence of ancient Chinese classics, and Jinwen classics once again gained the upper hand.

They feel they can sit back and relax.

However, as early as the late Western Han Dynasty, Jinwen Confucianism gradually fell into rigidity and cumbersomeness, and it was combined with prophecy and became absurd. Compared with the more pragmatic and more willing to cater to the rulers, it lost its vitality and practical significance.

Moreover, the behavior of the Jinwen Confucianism School to use its power to suppress the Guwen Confucianism and its scholars has also aroused dissatisfaction among many rising stars, and they are even more dissatisfied with their behavior of monopolizing academic and political interests. Can't let go.

Therefore, although the school of ancient literature has been suppressed by politics, it has not died out, but has become more tenacious and blossomed in all directions among the people.

Compared with Jinwen Confucianism, which is limited to the lineage and family inheritance model and increasingly rigid thinking mode, Guwen Confucianism is more open-minded, more willing to accept new blood, and does not pay so much attention to family background in inheritance.

So Ma Rong, Xu Shen, Zheng Xuan, Jia Kui, Fu Qian, Lu Zhi and other famous masters of ancient literature and classics emerged.

They annotated the Confucian classics with the theory of ancient Chinese classics, and widely disseminated their scriptures to scholars and even landlords who were not scholars. They were sought after and recognized by a large number of scholars.

Therefore, among the people, in the early and middle period of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the study of ancient Chinese classics already had the momentum to overwhelm the study of modern Chinese classics.

The most typical representative is Zheng Xuan.

Zheng Xuan was imprisoned by the scourge of party imprisonment, so he returned home and wrote a book with peace of mind.

Although he is also proficient in Jinwen Confucianism, his main standpoint is to annotate scriptures from the standpoint of Guwen Confucianism, and spread widely. There is no narrow communication method of Jinwen Confucianism limited to family blood and family status, so the audience is very wide.

In the current period of time, Zheng Xuan's academic achievements have already been achieved, and he is still imprisoned, but his academic knowledge has spread throughout the Han territory and has been widely recognized.

On the surface, the Five Classics and Fourteen Schools of Law are still officially approved academics, and they firmly suppress the study of ancient Chinese classics, but in the general environment of the people, the situation of the two sides is completely opposite.

Fei's "Yi", annotated by Zheng Xuan, is popular, but Shi, Meng, and Liangqiu's "Yi" of modern classics is not valued by people.

The "Guwen Shangshu" annotated by Zheng Xuan is popular, but the "Shangshu" of Ouyang, Xiaoxia and Xiahou in the modern Wenjing is not taken seriously.

Zheng Xuan annotated the popularity of the "Mao Shi" in the ancient texts, but the "Poems" of the Qi, Lu, and Han schools in the modern texts are not taken seriously.

The vast number of second- and third-rate scholars who were excluded from the political interest system of Jinwen Confucianism pursued Zheng Xuan's academics in a vengeful manner, worshiped him, raised him to a high position, and called him "Jingshen" 】.

Thus [Zheng Xue] was born.

The birth of Zheng Xue brought the dispute between modern and ancient prose to an end in form. In the general environment of the people, modern Confucian classics has been half-actively and half-passively suppressed by ancient Chinese classics. A large number of scholars are studying ancient Chinese classics. Abandon Jinwen Confucianism.

Under this kind of folk environment, the major families of Jinwen Confucianism have actually been severely isolated, and there is a feeling of self-indulgence. In addition to still occupying an absolute active position in politics, they have fallen behind in the field of public opinion. It is difficult to cheer up when you are downwind.

Therefore, the scholar families of the Jinwen Confucianism School can only continue to cling to political interests and dare not let go, becoming more closed and rigid, and falling into a vicious circle.

But decay is visible to the naked eye and cannot be denied as an objective existence.

Not only scholars from second- and third-rate families, but even some concubine sons from Jinwen Confucian families are more willing to adopt flexible means to seek benefits for themselves.

For example Yuan Shao.

Against such a background, Liu Hong's actions have aroused great concern and panic among scholars of Jinwen Confucianism.

They are very worried that this is a harbinger of some very bad policy.

They asked the emperor to treat them equally and appoint the other [-] officials to serve as prefects one after another, without spending money and without specialization.

However, Liu Hong acted as if he hadn't heard it, and still went his own way.

Not only that, he also made a decision that stunned the scholars of Jinwen Confucianism.

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PS: In the process of collecting manuscripts without hearing anything outside the window~~~

(End of this chapter)