Daming 1805

Zhu Jingyuan and Qi Yanhuai discussed Ningbo because there is a missile testing base belonging to the Ministry of Ordnance.

The missile test base is placed here because Zhoushan County under Ningbo Prefecture has the largest naval port in Ming Dynasty.

Due to the direct attention of Zhu Jingyuan and Zhu Zhongliang, Daming's missile research was aimed at the navy from the very beginning.

After the military missiles are tested on the ground, they will be installed on warships for testing immediately.

Therefore, the missile specifications designed by the Ming Dynasty Ordnance Department still focus on the size that ships can carry.

For the time being, there is no special design for extra large intercontinental strategic missiles.

Because Ming's territory is much larger than any nuclear power in the previous life.

Two-thirds of the world's land is already under the rule of Ming Dynasty.

The remaining one-third of the land, partly in the west of Mozhou, is directly adjacent to the land of Daming's Mozhou.

The other part is the mainland of the Thai and Western countries.

The Ming Dynasty owns Crete, Tunisia in North Mexico, and land on the northwest coast of the Caspian Sea.

In these places, Ming's missiles only need to have a range of [-] kilometers to cover the entire mainland of the Western countries.

This belongs to the category of medium-range ballistic missiles in later generations.

Zhu Jingyuan planned to design it directly from the beginning to a scale that could be installed on a battleship.

Although it is one level behind the scale of the space launch vehicle, the technologies of the two parties are still interlinked.

In the process of designing large-scale launch vehicles, small and medium-sized rockets used for verification purposes are sufficient for this task.

With some facilities added to the missile test base, it can be directly used as an experimental base for rocket launch.

In the previous life, the largest space launch center in the United States, Cape Canaveral was next to Patrick Air Force Base.

If the construction of a new launch base is not specifically discussed, the follow-up rocket experiments of Ming Dynasty will still be in Zhoushan, Ningbo.

Qi Yanhuai raised the issue of site selection for the construction of the launch base, obviously hoping to build another dedicated rocket launch base.

And the goal is very clear, that is, to put as much as possible next to the equator for construction.

Zhu Jingyuan understood his thoughts, launching most of the satellites on the equator is indeed more labor-saving.

But Zhu Jingyuan didn't make a decision right away, and asked someone to bring a map of the world first.

Recall the locations of several important launch bases in previous lives, and compare their locations and latitudes against the map.

Prepare to refer to the direct experience of the major countries in the previous life.

The most important rocket launch base in the continental United States is Cape Canaveral in Florida.

That's the southernmost point of the continental United States.

If my memory is correct, the local latitude should be between 28° and 29°.

Zhu Jingyuan glanced at the North Yinzhou area on the world map, and confirmed that his memory was correct based on the [-]-degree north latitude line passing through the Florida peninsula.

Then there is the Xichang satellite launch base in China, which is very close to Cape Canaveral, also around 28 degrees.

The Wenchang satellite base at the southern tip of Shenzhou has a latitude between [-] and [-] degrees.

Ningbo, Zhejiang, which I have considered, is probably on the [-]th parallel north latitude, which is a little higher than Cape Canaveral and Xichang.

If I insist on placing the aerospace base in Zhoushan, Ningbo, it will be close to Cape Canaveral in terms of latitude.

The condition of the Baikonur launch site at 45 degrees north latitude in Lucia is much better.

Moreover, the capital of Ming Dynasty now and in the future is Yingtianfu, and Ningbo can be said to be right under Yingtianfu's nose.

It is convenient and straightforward to manage.

In this way, the comprehensive conditions of Ningbo are better than those of Cape Canaveral.

It's just that Zhu Jingyuan also wanted to evaluate how much better the more idealized equator would be compared to Ningbo.

So Zhu Jingyuan picked up a pen and paper, and simply calculated the linear speed of the earth's rotation in several alternative places.

The formula is very simple, take the cosine of the local latitude, multiply by the circumference of the earth's equator, and divide by the time of day.

The linear speeds of Ningbo, Xichang, and Cape Canaveral are all about [-] meters per second.

The linear velocity of the earth's rotation in Wenchang is 430 meters per second.

The linear velocity at the equator is 460 five meters per second.

The linear velocity of the earth's rotation can be regarded as the initial acceleration of the rocket launch.

The greater the initial acceleration provided by the Earth, the less fuel the rocket will consume to get the satellite to the same speed and altitude.

Wenchang's launch site can save 30 meters per second in acceleration compared with Xichang.

The equator saves an acceleration of 60 meters per second compared to Ningbo.

Zhu Jingyuan vaguely remembered that it was mentioned in some news that he had read in his previous life.

It is said that the payload of the rocket launched in Wenchang can increase by more than [-]% compared with the launch in Xichang.

The geosynchronous transfer orbit load of the Long March [-] rocket is [-] tons, and [-]% of the weight is close to one ton.

Based on the unit price of 15 kg of geosynchronous transfer orbit load of 5000 RMB, the income of a ton of load is [-] million RMB.

If the data in this news report is true, the difference in the payload of the same rocket may exceed 15.00% if the launch site is chosen at the equator or Ningbo.

If the calculation is still based on the [-]-ton load of the Long March [-], then the profit gap of the Long March [-] will widen to [-] million.

The total cost of one hair grows five is about [-] million.

Although Zhu Jingyuan has already become the emperor, the resources and money under his management are not ordinary.

But I still care a little bit about the proportion of this data.

At the same time, Zhu Jingyuan also knew that if satellites were to be launched into geosynchronous orbit, the equatorial region would have greater advantages.

Not only saves effort, but also saves time and the process is simpler.

The orbital data of artificial satellites orbiting the earth has two most important basic parameters.

One is the angle between the satellite's orbit and the equator, also known as the orbital inclination.

One is the distance between the satellite's orbit and the ground, also known as the orbital altitude.

If the predetermined orbital inclination of the satellite is greater than or equal to the latitude of the rocket launch site, the rocket can be launched directly.

If the orbital inclination is smaller than the latitude, the rocket or satellite will have to change its orbit to reduce the inclination.

There will be one more control and adjustment link in the entire satellite launch process.

The lower the latitude of the launch site, the greater the orbital inclination range that can be directly delivered.

The latitude of the equator is zero, less than all inclinations...

Therefore, if the launch site happens to be built on the equator, theoretically, one operation link can be reduced as a whole.

In the previous life, the French Guiana Space Center in Nanyinzhou had a local latitude of only five degrees.

For geosynchronous transfer orbits with an inclination of more than five degrees to the equator, direct delivery can be made at a very reasonable cost.

And it only takes less than half an hour.

Lucia's Baikonur launch site, located at 45 degrees north latitude.

For most satellites, Lucia must first be sent to a synchronous transfer orbit with an inclination greater than 45 degrees.

Then use the engine to reduce the inclination angle and transfer to the target synchronous transfer orbit.

If you want to send it to an orbit parallel to the equator, the whole process will take about seven hours...

Most of the time the rocket is turned off, and the power is mainly used to fly out of the atmosphere and adjust the orbit.

The purpose of such multiple firings is of course to save fuel, but it also puts a higher strain on the communication and control systems.

In comparison, one is direct with a single line, and the other requires four stops...

Of course, Baikonur can also be forced to send directly.

That is to say, the engine is continuously turned on, and the orbit angle is adjusted while flying outwards. The effect is similar to drifting.

The result has been reduced capacity, skyrocketing shipping costs, and more unmanageable conditions.

If the main rocket launch base of Ming Dynasty is located in Ningbo, the conditions will definitely be much better than that of Baikonur.

The minimum inclination angle of thirty degrees can also meet the needs of most satellites.

But compared with the idealized equatorial region, there will still be a clear gap.

Just how much is the difference?

Someone in Qin Tianjian may have done research before, but it was not officially hosted.

They are all informal, and no large-scale experiments have been done, and there may not even be large-scale checking calculations.

It is still necessary to let them formally study it, and it will not be too late to make a decision.

Zhu Jingyuan had this idea in his mind, so he raised his head and told Niu Jian beside him:
"Call over the people from the Ministry of Construction and the Royal Engineering Company."

The administrative area of ​​Yingtianfu New City is specially planned, and the distances between major departments are not too far.

Zhu Jingyuan's original request was to arrive within 3 minutes of each other.

Of course, 3 minutes refers to the time on the road.

It also takes time for the parties to prepare things to go up and down the stairs.

So about 5 minutes later, people from the Ministry of Construction and the Royal Works arrived.

Several courtiers and stewards saluted Zhu Jingyuan together with a rather curious attitude and said hello:
"My ministers, see your Majesty."

Zhu Jingyuan waved his hand casually:

"Sit down, please stop for a while, when the meeting is almost over, there will be a job for you."

Then Zhu Jingyuan looked at Qi Yanhuai:

"Let's put this base site that is most suitable for launching synchronous orbit satellites first.

"As for the vertical orbit, it should be said that it is the false moon of the polar orbit and the false moon of the reverse orbit.

"The most suitable base location should be opposite to the synchronous orbit.

"So it should be at the lowest possible latitude, right?
"Mr. Qi has also considered this aspect?"

Qi Yanhuai immediately cupped his hands and said:

"Your Majesty, the minister and his colleagues have indeed discussed it.

"Let the false moon pass the same point on the earth every day to facilitate continuous observation of the same place.

"It is necessary to make the height of the sun in any place where the false moon passes is the same, so as to facilitate continuous observation of the ground conditions and form a ground picture with the same illumination.

"It is necessary to let the false moon pass above the poles, and the angle between the orbit and the equator is slightly more than a right angle.

"In this way, when observing on the ground, when the false moon appears every day, it will retrograde from east to west at a certain angle.

"It happens to retrograde 360 ​​degrees for one week all year round.

"Since the false moon is going retrograde, the false moon cannot be allowed to follow the earth from west to east.

"During the deployment of the false moon, the power provided by the rocket should be used to offset the eastward deflection force brought from the ground.

"The higher the latitude, the slower the earth moves, and the less the rocket has to counteract.

"So from this point of view, the most ideal launch point is the pole, which can be regarded as relatively stationary.

"However, compared with the equatorial region, the environment in the polar regions is harsher, and it is almost impossible for humans to survive.

"So we can only settle for the next best thing, and choose a place as close to the pole as possible, and at the same time, the climate is as warm as possible.

"I think the most suitable place is a few islands in the south of Laga Province (Alaska) in the most northwestern part of Beiyinzhou.

"Because of the influence of the tributaries of the warm current of the North Daming Ocean, there are still islands with an average low temperature of minus two or three degrees in the coldest month in winter and an average daytime high temperature of two or three degrees above zero in places where the local latitude is approaching [-] degrees.

"The southern part of the local area is also a vast ocean, which is also convenient for observation and rocket fall.

"The downside is that it's still very far from home.

"It is nearly [-] kilometers away from Hokkaido, and nearly [-] kilometers away from Yingtianfu.

"If you want to consider launching locally, the surrounding environment is also required to be suitable.

"I can only choose among the places near Nuer Gandusi and Kuwu Island, the places where trains arrive in the northern part of the Xianbei Wasteland, and the southern part of the Thousand Islands in the northeast of Hokkaido.

"Both Nuergandus and Kuwu Island are near the sea, but the local harbors are frozen for a long time in winter.

"The northern part of the Xianbei Wilderness is closer to the North Pole, and the northern part is desolate and uninhabited, but the local environment is also very harsh, and railway transportation will also limit the size of the rocket.

"The north and south of the Thousand Islands are oceans, but the local latitude is only forty degrees.

"The minister's suggestion is to choose Laga Province or the Thousand Islands."

Listening to Qi Yanhuai's analysis, Zhu Jingyuan turned out many things in his mind.

In the north of Lucia's mainland, there is a very famous rocket launch site, the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.

It is located in the northernmost province of Lucia's main core area, Arkhangelsk Oblast, and the Novaya Island that tested Great Ivan was under the jurisdiction of this province.

The launch base has reached 63 degrees north latitude.

This is a secret launch base, which was established in 1957, but its existence was not officially acknowledged until 1983.

The reason is that Red Lucia's rocket and satellite orbit data do not match the calculations of Europeans and Americans.

He is the most important experiment and launch base in Lucia.

The Laga Province proposed by Qi Yanhuai is also the Alaska of Zhu Jingyuan's previous life.

The Americans built a launch base in Alaska.

Located in the east of the Aleutian Peninsula, south of the Alaska mainland, on an island called Kodiak.

The name of the launch center appears to be "Pacific Space Center".

It's just that Zhu Jingyuan doesn't seem to have used it a few times in his memory, and the status of Lucia's Plesetsk base is completely different.

Probably because Alaska is so close to their longtime nemesis, Lucia.

The place where the United States launches sun-synchronous satellites is Vandenberg Air Force Base at the southern tip of California on the west coast.

The status of Vandenberg Air Force Base corresponds to Lucia's Plesetsk.

It was originally the place where the United States tested ballistic missiles.

And Vandenberg's latitude seems to have reached 34 degrees north latitude.

It is only six degrees away from Cape Canaveral in the southeast.

The reason why the United States chose to be here may be that its south is the ocean.

While thinking back in Zhu Jingyuan's mind, he also followed the direction proposed by Qi Yanhuai, and patrolled around the map.

According to the standard that the latitude is as high as possible and the climate is as warm as possible.

The place with the best conditions seems to be Iceland.

The latitude here is seven or eight degrees higher than Kodiak, and the north is already close to the Arctic Circle.

But the temperature should be better in Kodiak.

Because the North Atlantic warm current is stronger than the Alaska warm current.

Moreover, the north and south of Iceland are oceans, which is convenient for the deployment of ships for observation, and it is also convenient for rockets to fall.

Although the climate in northern Norway is similar to that of Iceland, it is deeper into the Arctic Circle. The latitude is close to [-] degrees, and the average low temperature in winter in coastal areas is not particularly low.

However, the south of Norway is inland in the West, and the north reaches the Arctic Ocean, so it is not convenient to observe on both sides.

It's just that both Norway and Iceland are too far away from the mainland of Ming Dynasty, and they are not under the jurisdiction of the Ming court.

But Kodiak is not much worse than Iceland.

As for those places in the northern part of the Xianbei Wasteland, just think about how terrifying winter is.

Zhu Jingyuan thought about it for a while, then looked at the people from the Ministry of Construction and the Royal Engineering Company next to him:
"Several of you should know what's going on, now I'll tell you exactly what to do.

"The Ministry of Construction and the Royal Engineering Company respectively cooperated with Qin Tianjian to make a relatively formal project site selection plan.

"According to the requirements of Qintian Jianlie, arrange several groups of people to go to the Zhoushan area of ​​Ningbo, near the mouth of the Lion City, the eastern area of ​​Medan Island, the eastern area of ​​Mozhou, the southern islands of Laga Province, and the southern area of ​​​​the Thousand Islands. Field survey and summary of the situation.

"Qin Tianjian will organize people to sort out your current theories about the false moon, and together with the Ministry of Industry and the Ministry of Ordnance, do a formal and complete comparative check.

"The differences in geographical environments between different regions, the advantages and disadvantages of rocket launches, the benefits that latitude differences can bring, etc., should be studied as much as possible.

"Then we will meet again and decide where to build the launch site based on your exploration and calculation results."