Daming: I help my wife be the empress

The first year of Zhaowu (1645), May 26.

Auntie Zhu held the first official court meeting after ascension to the throne.

There are three kinds of court meetings in Ming Dynasty.

Dachaohui, that is, a large-scale ceremonial court meeting, is usually held to celebrate important events or festivals, such as the emperor's enthronement, wedding, canonization of queens, princes, etc., as well as the three major festivals of Wanshou Festival (the emperor's birthday), New Year's Day, and winter solstice. .

Dingchao, also known as regular court meeting, is held at an agreed time.

The main reason is that some officials who are not in the capital will be allowed to participate in the Ding Dynasty. Whether it is to notify them or for these officials to come to the capital, it will take time.

There is no fixed date for the Great Court Meeting and the Ding Dynasty, and they are generally determined by events.

Finally, it is Chang Chao.

There are also two kinds of Chang Dynasty.

One is the Shuowang Dynasty held on the first and fifteenth day of the new year, and the other is the Japanese Dynasty.

The Japanese Dynasty can be held in the morning, called the Early Dynasty; it can also be held in the morning and afternoon, called the Wu Dynasty.

In the usual sense, the meeting between the Ming emperor and his courtiers was actually the Japanese dynasty, and most of them were early dynasties.

When Zhu Yuanzhang was emperor in the early Ming Dynasty, he was full of energy and hardworking, almost every day in the morning court.

Later, the other emperors couldn't do it. At first, it was opened every other day, and then it became more and more casual.

If the emperor says it is open, then it is open; if the emperor says it is not open, then it is not open.

Jiajing can not hold a court meeting for several months, and Wanli can not go to court for more than ten years.

Therefore, in the late Ming Dynasty, there was no fixed rule for the time of the court meeting.

Aimee Zhu simply abolished the system that the officials of the early court came to the Forbidden City to stand on shifts to handle affairs (the imperial gate listened to the government).

She asked all departments to work in their respective yamen on weekdays, and stipulated the time for starting and leaving.

Only when necessary, she would summon cabinet ministers and relevant officials to hold a meeting in the Hall of Martial Arts - this is the permanent court of her Empress Zhaowu.

The reason why it is not in Fengtian Hall and Huagai Hall is because these two places are ceremonial places dedicated to the Great Court Meeting.The usual court meeting is held here, which is inconsistent with the etiquette.

Auntie Zhu's appointment time for the cabinet and various departments of the central government is [-]:[-] am.

At nine o'clock this morning, she summoned the cabinet ministers and several other chief officials from relevant departments, and held the first "early court" of the Zhaowu Dynasty in the main hall of the Hall of Martial Arts.

"The first thing I want to talk about today is how to replace the 24-hour clock with a [-]-hour clock."

After the morning court started, Auntie Zhu spoke out the first topic in person.

Zhu Yu wanted to apply some technologies and even items from later generations to the development and construction of Daming, and it would definitely not work to continue to use the twelve-hour system.

In fact, when I was in Sichuan earlier, some armies, ordnance bureaus, and arsenals had already started to use the 24-hour system.

Now that Aimee Zhu has officially ascended the throne as emperor, it is natural to publicly promote the 24-hour system.

It is not forcibly promoting it quickly, but preparing to start with the central departments of the imperial court, exert influence on lower-level departments and localities, and gradually make the entire Ming Dynasty accept the 24-hour system.

The whole process may last for several years, even decades.

Among the cabinet ministers, Ma Shiying had contact with Zhu Yuxi one month earlier than the others, and he knew the most about some objects and concepts of later generations among the cabinet ministers.

Hearing this, he said: "If you want to promote the 24-hour system, the most important thing is the timing tool.

If there is no suitable timing tool, even if the imperial court orders it to be promoted forcibly, it will be difficult to be effective. "

The rest of the ministers all nodded.

Why is there no subdivided time unit such as minutes and seconds in the twelve-hour system?Still not limited by timing tools?Otherwise, who can refuse a more accurate timing method?

Now that Aimee Zhu has decided to openly implement the 24-hour system, she naturally did research and preparations.

She smiled and said: "I have a solution to this matter, let's listen to it now, if you think there are any deficiencies, you can speak up."

After a pause, she went on to say: "As for the timekeeping tools, I have inherited the sundials, hourglasses, and water leaks from the Ming Dynasty. Among them, the precise ones include the water-leaking armillary sphere made by Zhang Heng in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and those made by Su Song and Han Gonglian in the Song Dynasty. The astronomical instrument platform.

This astronomical observatory is known as the earliest astronomical clock in the world, and it also uses the escapement, a key component in the timekeeping tools and watches of later generations.

It's a pity that this treasure first fell into the hands of Jinren in the Jingkang disaster, and then it was destroyed because of Yuan's destruction of gold.

As far as I am in Ming Dynasty, no one knows how to make this aquarium, which is a pity. "

It was almost the first time that all the ministers heard about this, and they couldn't help sighing while being amazed.

Auntie Zhu said again: "This time to promote the 24-hour system, I plan to introduce the precise timing tools and watches of later generations, and the escapement is used in it.

Although the structure of the early clocks and watches was quite complicated, with my Ming Dynasty's current manufacturing ability, it can still be made with reference to the technology of later generations and mass-produced.

It can be predicted that with the implementation of the 24-hour system, the demand for clocks and watches will increase, and even enter thousands of households, becoming a must for people's lives.

Therefore, I decided to establish the 'Daming No. [-] Watch Factory' to manufacture and sell watches. "

After hearing these words, all the ministers were silently thinking.

Soon, Ma Shiying asked: "Your Majesty, does the government also need to purchase clocks and watches from watch factories?"

"That's right." Aunt Zhu nodded, "In the future, not only watch factories need to be like this, but other government-run organizations should also be changed like this.

Whenever the imperial court needs to obtain materials produced by government-run institutions, it needs to pay for them. "

As the minister of the Ministry of Finance, Ma Shiying felt a little more pressure when he heard this.

But before he could figure out how to persuade him, he listened to Huang Daozhou's way: "The profits gained from the official camp belong to the imperial court. If the imperial court still needs to pay them, wouldn't it be superfluous? It will only cause money to circulate and lose money?"

The materials obtained by the government-run institutions in the Ming Dynasty were all taken away directly.

For example, in the Daming Iron Works in the past, the imperial court asked them to open the furnace to smelt as much iron as they needed, and shut it down when it was not needed.

At the beginning of the iron shortage in the Ming Dynasty, the government-run iron factories were allowed to sell to the private sector, but when the private iron production increased, they were simply not allowed, thinking that this was a competition for profit with the public.

Therefore, the Daming Iron Works should remove the word "ying" in "official camp", which is actually a rigid imperial court organization.

Aimee Zhu wants to turn some government-run factories into real government-run factories, which is the state-run model of later generations.

The ministers in Nanjing basically didn't understand the concept of "new official camp", and Zhu Yu was not afraid to waste time talking, and explained the reasoning in detail.

Finally she said: "According to Daming's current situation, it is true that more money will be circulated together, and it will indeed cost more fire, but we can't give up eating because of choking.

Moreover, we will have to solve the problem of fire consumption sooner or later, and then there will be no problem of increasing fire consumption due to the circulation of money. "

Clocks and watches are new objects, and the government-run watch factory does not have the problem of "competing with the people for profit".

Moreover, with Zhu Yuxi's current prestige, even if she really "competes for the benefit of the people", these cabinet ministers and ministers may not dare to speak up.

So it was decided that the watch factory and the court needed to pay the government-run organization for purchase.

Afterwards, Auntie Zhu said again: "Since the government-run factory has been reformed, it is inconvenient for it to be under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Industry. I will set up a government-run bureau for unified management. Don't you have any objections?"

Everyone looked at He Yingrui, Minister of Industry and cabinet minister.

Seeing that all kinds of government-run factories will become golden chickens that lay eggs, He Yingrui naturally hopes to be placed under the Ministry of Industry.

But he knew that this was really not something that the Ministry of Industry should be in charge of, and he didn't dare to argue with Aimi Zhu about it, so he took the lead and said, "I have no objection."

The Minister of the Ministry of Industry didn't care, and the rest of the people naturally wouldn't raise any objections.

Thus, the Daming Official Management Bureau appeared in this way.

This morning, Aimee Zhu had to deal with only one major issue, and later discussed several smaller issues, so the meeting ended just after ten o'clock.

She knew that Daming had many problems to solve, but governing a big country was like cooking a small crab, so there was no rush.

She is still young and has plenty of time.

After the meeting ended, Aunt Zhu led the imperial army to the western suburbs of Nanjing to attend the inauguration ceremony of the "Nanjing Military Academy".

The site of Nanjing Military School is located in a fixed barracks in the western suburbs. The barracks are all ready-made. With a little renovation, they can be used as a military school.

It's just that although the military academy has been completed, the candidate for the head of the mountain has not yet been found.

As a last resort, Aimee Zhu had no choice but to let Hong Niangzi act as the head of the mountain temporarily.

Previously, Wuchang and Nanjing "general officer training camps" and "soldier training camps" were managed by Hong Niangzi. Now Nanjing Military School has few serious students, and it still focuses on reforming some generals in the old army. It would be appropriate for her to act as the head of the mountain temporarily.