The end of the Ming Dynasty swept the world

Chapter 679 I can't bear to add punishment and Daming's benevolence and righteousness
After Ding Yi came, he was non-stop, dealing with various affairs. After all, he couldn't stay in Dayuan for too long.

Only today did he have the opportunity to speak.

"Tell me." Ding Yi hurriedly said.

Duan Gaolin said: "A few days ago, a Fujian businessman suggested to us to use the method of pouring sugar with yellow mud water to refine white sugar, with the aid of an iron pot. The speed is fast and the output is high. However, this person asked for 1000 taels of silver or the equivalent Bai Tang, we are considering whether to agree or not."

It turned out that after looking at the task column of the senior staff, a Fujian businessman suddenly approached Duan Gaolin, who was in charge of sugar production.

He said that he used to make white sugar in Fujian, and Fujian used the method of pouring sugar with yellow mud water. I have seen the quality of white sugar, and it is not as good as yours, but the difference is not that big. The key is that the output must be higher than yours. Come on, why don't you use it?

Only then did Duan Gaolin realize that the sugar refining technique used by their senior members was actually relatively backward.

In fact, in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there was already a method of pouring sugar with yellow mud water, but at the beginning only exclusive people knew about it, and then it was gradually learned by others, and more and more people learned it. According to records, all Ming sugar merchants have learned it.

There is a detailed record in Tiangong Kaiwu: "Fujian and Guangxi squeezed the sugarcane that had matured in the winter into juice, put it in a tank, and then boiled it with fire until it turned into a yellow-black syrup, poured it into a bucket and condensed it into black sand. Sugar. Then a jar with a tile funnel placed on it, plug the funnel with straw, pour the brown sugar into the funnel, wait for the black sugar to form lumps, then remove the straw, and pour the brown sugar in the funnel with yellow mud water, The black slag flows from the funnel into the vat below, and the black granulated sugar in the funnel turns into hoar frost, and the top layer is about five inches, very white, just like the white granulated sugar we eat today."

To put it simply, the most important thing to make white sugar is to make brown sugar white. In addition to yellow mud, lime, mountain white stone, duck egg white, etc. have been used for clean brown sugar juice in history.

The Dutch on your side use paper.

The cost of paper is the highest, and the quality of sugar is also the best, but the speed is slow and the output is low.

Originally, this method of pouring sugar with yellow mud water was spread throughout Daming along with "Tiangong Kaiwu", but Ding Yi did something a few years ago to get Tiangong Kaiwu from Song Yingxing.

Now this book is only circulated in Lushun School.

And the school does not have a professional sugar treatment class, and the senior staff who do it don't know how to improve it.

After Duan Gaolin was told by the Fujian businessman, he hurriedly brought over a set of natural artifacts from the senior official, and he saw that there were indeed records in it.

Now he quit, I know this technique, and I want to give you 1000 taels of silver?

But if others didn't tell him, he wouldn't look at it either, so Duan Gaolin was in a dilemma.

If the Dutch were in charge here, Duan Gaolin would definitely not give the money.

But Ding Yi has always paid attention to reputation, so he had to report to Ding Yi.

"The lower officials are guilty, and the creation of things by nature has actually been recorded, but we didn't study hard ourselves, so look, Mr. Ding, do you still want to give this money?"

Ding Yi didn't hesitate, and immediately said: "Of course I will. If others don't tell you, you won't know it all your life."

Ding Yi was a little dissatisfied: "It was hard for me, and I spent a lot of time and money to get natural engineering from Daming. All of you professional officials in various departments must study hard, read it often, and learn useful knowledge from it. Otherwise, I will What's the point of transporting a set of books from Lushun to Dayuan?"

Duan Gaolin lowered his head in shame.

Xu Zhi from the Craftsmanship Bureau also stood up at this time and reported a good news to Ding Yi.

Because of Duan Gaolin's matter, their Bureau of Craftsmanship also specially looked at Tiangong Kaiwu, and found that there was a "mold baking technology" for making iron pots. This technology is only available in Foshan in the entire Ming Dynasty, and there are only two in Foshan. home club.

I don't know what Song Yingxing learned from there, but also recorded it.

Ding Yi was also very impressed after hearing this.

Mold baking technology is a unique pot-making technology in Foshan in the Ming Dynasty. It uses Hongshan mud, a specialty of Foshan, to make a double-layer clay mold inside and outside. After the clay mold is baked at high temperature, molten iron is poured into it.

This kind of clay mold is more durable than Dayuan's mold, and can be made very large.

The molds made by the big staff can only be made of iron pots weighing more than seven catties. For iron pots weighing more than seven catties, the molds are easy to break and become brittle. big iron pot.

Using Foshan's red mountain clay and mold baking technology, not only is the quality exquisite, it can even make a big pot for cooking two stones of rice, and the output is also very efficient. On average, each iron furnace can produce various iron pots at one time. Seven hundred. At this time, the developed sugar industry in the southeast region has the blessing of this technology.

Duan Gaolin said at this time that after using yellow mud water to drizzle sugar, the four-foot cauldron made by baking mold technology can cook [-] catties of rice juice at one time, which greatly increased the production of white sugar.

It can be said that the Fujian businessman has done Ding Yi a great favor this time.

Not only let them learn how to drizzle sugar with yellow mud water, but also learn the technique of baking and molding pots from the natural craftsmanship.

The two complement each other and greatly increase the sugar production.

What the officials have to consider now is to expand the area of ​​sugarcane planting starting this year to cope with the four-foot-large iron pot in the future.

"A big reward." Ding Yi said with a smile at this moment: "The Fujian businessman must be rewarded heavily. If it weren't for his reminder, we would never have thought of this improvement."

This time not only the output of the iron pot was increased, but also the output of white sugar.

Of course, the output of iron pots is related to iron ore. The output of Dayuan iron ore is limited, and the increase will not be large in a short period of time, but the output of white sugar can be greatly increased.

"Duan Gaolin, what do you think our sugar production will be next year?"

Duan Gaolin thought for a while: "At least 500 million catties, and it will be even higher in the next year."

The sugarcane area will be larger in the following year, and the yield will only be higher.

This is equivalent to doubling the output next year.

But consumption in Japan and North Korea is also limited. Next year, Ding Yi will consider selling more to Europe and Persia.

In fact, when the Dutch were here, they mainly sold to Europe. Now that Ding Yi quits, he only sells to European businessmen in the past, and the priority is to exchange for purchases, so the sales are not enough.

If we can set up a sales point in Luzon and sell it closer to Persia and Europe, the sales volume can be greatly increased.

Of course, it would be even better if sugar cane can be grown if they occupy a certain place over there.

Just when Ding Yi was dozing off and wanted to sleep, God actually sent a pillow.

At the beginning of February, Ding Yi was about to leave Dayuan and return to Lushun.

Suddenly, someone came to report that many boats came from Luzon, and there were countless refugees on board, all Luzon Chinese, crying and begging to be taken in.

'? Ding Yi was at a loss, and soon he gathered the refugees on a ship, and heard shocking things.

In the 15th century, the world entered the era of great navigation, and the Ming Dynasty also paid attention to maritime transportation. First, the Hongwu Dynasty sent envoys to Nanyang to comfort the countries, and then Zheng He made seven voyages to the West during the Yongle and Xuande years. He appointed the Governor of Luzon and set up Daming Street. All laid the foundation for the Chinese colonization overseas for more than a hundred years. At this time, China's navigation technology was still in the leading position in the world.

In the late 16th century, the trade between Fujian Chinese and the Philippines developed rapidly, and a large number of Chinese went to the Philippines to settle down. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, the Guangdong pirate Lin Feng started a war with the Spanish colonists in Luzon.It aroused Xijin's hatred of overseas Chinese.

In 1593, Spain's Filipino governor Das Marinas organized a fleet to attack islands near the Philippines, and forcibly recruited 250 local overseas Chinese to serve as oarsmen for the flagship.The local overseas Chinese resisted fiercely, but Governor Das Marinas threatened with force, and finally recruited 250 Chinese, and followed 80 Spanish colonists to board the flagship. At dawn on October 10, the Chinese crew led by Pan and the fifth class rebelled at night, only 26 of the 80 Spaniards escaped by chance, and Governor Das Marinas was stabbed to death by the angry Chinese with spears.After Pan Hewu and other Chinese took control of the flagship, they left the Philippines and set sail for China.

After Governor Dasmarinas was stabbed to death, his son Louis temporarily served as the local governor. He immediately sent a negotiating mission to mainland China to demand the so-called "murderer" from the Ming Dynasty.At the same time, a large-scale persecution of overseas Chinese was carried out in the Philippines, forcing many Chinese to leave the Philippines.

At the beginning of December 1593, the Spanish colonial mission arrived in China. Xu Fuyuan, governor of Fujian, received them and reported the matter to the then Emperor Wanli.Since it was a critical moment for the Ming Dynasty to support North Korea in fighting against Japan's Toyotomi Hideyoshi's aggression, the Ming Dynasty made a wrong decision.Xu Fuyuan reported to the imperial court, suggesting to agree to the request of the Spanish mission and use them to spy on the Japanese military situation.But Emperor Wanli finally ordered and agreed to the request of the Spanish mission to punish Pan and the fifth class (in fact, most of these people could not be caught), and at the same time gave the Spanish mission a generous reward.

The response of Wanli and the Ming Dynasty made the Spanish feel the weakness and disunity of the Ming people, and they became more courageous.

They not only restricted the scope of Chinese maritime merchants' activities, but also robbed Chinese merchant ships sailing at sea. What's more brutal and cruel, they often provoked troubles and created a series of bloody atrocities that massacred Chinese merchants on a large scale, in order to achieve the goal of eliminating and expelling Chinese merchants. .

In October 1603, the notorious "Dalun Mountain Massacre" broke out. The local saying: "Whoever meets a Chinese, shoot and kill." "Kill all Chinese you encounter."

Twenty-three thousand Chinese were killed before and after. Afterwards, there were only 3000 Chinese left in the Manila area.

After the tragedy, the Western colonists were afraid of the Ming court’s revenge and wrote a letter of explanation to the Ming court. ":
"According to the Lusong commercial section, the reason is that the residents of Zhangzhou and Quanyanhai have little arable land, and navigating merchants and fishing are their livelihoods; often they are sold to various countries in order to see huge profits. A line is strictly prohibited, and they will be hooked. There was internal strife among the Japanese; in the Jiajing season, the place was ravaged miserably. Wei Wei discussed that Lu Songsu was not a Chinese patient, and asked Qin to sell the east and west according to his promise; Hua Yi lived in peace, and it has been a long time."

The statement did not investigate the massacre by the authorities, and stated that as long as the Spanish colonists ensured the safety of the lives and property of these overseas Chinese, they also declared that they would not bear to punish the authorities.

In addition, the proclamation also said: The Spanish authorities should always think of the great kindness of the Ming emperor and the benevolence and righteousness of the Ming Dynasty.

There is absolutely nothing condemning his actions.

The inaction and connivance of the Ming Dynasty made the Spanish colonists' oppression of the local overseas Chinese even more rampant, so the second massacre came soon.

In 1639, there were more than 1 Chinese merchants in "Jiannei" in the Philippines, and the total number of the island reached 3 to [-].The Spaniards brutally exploited and ravaged Chinese businessmen. They not only levied heavy taxes, but also forced Chinese businessmen to perform heavy labor. Many Chinese businessmen were tortured to death.

The local Chinese businessmen couldn't bear it anymore and rose up to resist. The Spanish immediately mobilized a large army to encircle and suppress "Jiannei" with cannons again, turning the once prosperous "Jiannei" into ashes in an instant.

Then the second massacre was carried out across the Philippines. Some tricked Chinese businessmen into a large compound for mass shooting, and some used surprise attacks to kill unprepared Chinese businessmen. Even the elderly and children were not spared.This massacre lasted for more than three months, killing more than [-] Chinese businessmen.

A small number of Chinese fled by boat. Some of them went to the coast of Daming, and a small number came to Dayuan to ask for asylum and shelter.

There were twelve boats and more than 300 Chinese who fled to Dayuan in this wave.

They are basically local Chinese businessmen. In order to go ashore, they once said at the pier that they used silver taels in exchange for their shelter.

Ding Yi in his previous life didn't read this period of history carefully, and he didn't expect it to happen before his eyes again.

In any case, he first ordered the refugees to be taken in, arranged to live, and then asked representatives among them to come and discuss.

For Ding Yi, this is also a wave of population, and most of them are businessmen, which can drive the business development of the big staff.

Not long after, he met with more than a dozen refugee representatives, all of whom were wealthy local businessmen.

I didn't expect to see an old acquaintance.

When the man saw Ding Yi, he also had a look of disbelief.

This person was Xu Gonglie who was the first time Ding Yi sold raw silk to him.

When Zheng Zhilong charged for the first time and collected cash for each ship, many merchants were waiting and watching, not daring to go to sea. Ding Yi didn't know it when he arrived in Songjiang, so he bought [-] raw silk at once.

As a result, when they arrived in Quanzhou and other places, they could not be sold, and no one could take such a large amount.

Fortunately, Xu Gonglie had an empty boat to go home at that time, so he bought him [-] catties at once, which made Ding Yi a small profit.

Unexpectedly, after not seeing each other for nearly ten years, the two have had different experiences.

"General Ding? You are the one calling the shots here?" Xu Gonglie couldn't believe it.

A few years ago, he also heard that Ming people occupied Dayuan, but he didn't come here either. As I said before, his family in Luzon was just making clothes and selling silk by the way, so he almost only went to the Ming Dynasty and didn't come to buy sugar.

"Boss Xu, long time no see, long time no see." Ding Yi also called out kindly.

So at the beginning of February in the 13th year of Chongzhen, Ding Yi took in more than 300 refugees from Luzon, and then news spread that the refugees who survived the Luzon tragedy either went to Daming or ran here. By the end of February, they had taken in nearly 2000 refugees. There are more than [-] boats.

The refugees who were able to escape were basically wealthy locals, like Xu Gonglie's family, who even brought out 32 taels of silver and more than 100 million pesos, which filled two large boats.

The refugees pushed out their representatives and negotiated with Ding Yi to buy a land for the senior officials with 10 taels of silver. They built their own cities, hoarded land, and lived there. Ding Yi was responsible for protecting them.

(End of this chapter)