The end of the Ming Dynasty swept the world

Chapter 654
Lu Chao and Zhou Yougen cooperated in Jiaozhou to abolish slavery first, forcing the gentry to lose their servants and servants, greatly reducing their manpower, and also causing the hidden population in the late Ming Dynasty to appear one after another.

When the population was counted in the Ming Dynasty, it was actually much smaller than the real population. All major households concealed the actual population, and all kinds of servants were not counted, and they were not counted as people.

Then heavy taxes were imposed, forcing the gentry to sell or even give away their fields.

Because after the abolition of slavery, their tenants and servants were no longer enough, and a large number of fields were left uncultivated.

Ding Yi, on the other hand, pays a fixed tax if he has more than [-] mu.

Two stones per mu, two hundred acres of fields, a tax rate of 140, you have to pay 140 stones per year, which means a fixed tax, regardless of whether Tiancheng is good or not, whether there are natural disasters, you have two hundred acres of land, and you have to pay [-] stones a year Shi Liang, I don't care how much you get in a year.

If you get one thousand shi for two hundred acres, you only need to pay 140 shi, and if you get one hundred shi for two hundred acres, you also have to pay 140 shi.

The country gentry have no tenants or servants, who will farm for them, and how to pay taxes if there is no output.

As a result, a large amount of farmland began to be sold at low prices, but the common people had no money to buy it, and other rich people would not buy it, so they were all sold to Lu Chao in the end.

Lu Chao then distributed them to the free servants, so that the servants had land and freedom, and they left the squires one after another, completely weakening the strength of the squires, and made these people follow Ding Yi wholeheartedly.

Li Jilong first distributed the land to his son, and Lu Chao collected [-] acres of land tax in the name of the government.

Then they found that the fixed tax was still too high, they had to pay [-]% of the tax every year, and no one farmed.

Then divide it to his son-in-law and even other relatives. Lu Chao collected taxes again, and collected nearly a thousand acres as taxes.

Li Jilong's more than 6000 mu of land was divided several times before and after. In the end, each child in the family had 199 mu of land. He guaranteed that it would not be included in the fixed tax of [-] mu. He took advantage of the loophole.

You pay a fixed tax for 190 mu, and I have [-] and [-] mu, so you have nothing to do with me.

Within [-] mu, there is [-]% tax, according to the output, if the harvest is lost, you can also pay less.

Of course, there are also officials and squires who directly sell their fields to Lu Chao at an inexpensive price, only two taels of silver per mu of land, and then move their families to other places.

You Ding Yi is messing around, I don’t want to play with you, so let me go, I don’t believe you Ding Yi can live in Shandong forever.

It's a pity that they don't know that in the future, the whole Ming Dynasty will be in this mode, and it's useless to go there.

After half a year like this, there are no large households with more than [-] mu in Jiaozhou, and most of them have less than [-] mu.

By the second year, there were no large households with more than [-] mu in the entire Denglai area.

Although most of the country gentry gave out to their relatives, Ding Yi shaved off the land tax when they were given out, the actual amount was much less, and they would have to pay about [-]% of the tax from now on.

The squires complained a lot, and every day people wrote letters to Jinan to impeach Ding Yi, and even bolder squires dared to gather their family members to directly resist, of course they were ruthlessly suppressed by Ding Yi.

With Ding Yi's [-] foot battalions, [-] cavalry, and [-] guard soldiers in the Denglai area, it took about a year or so to finally pacify the entire Laizhou area and fully complete the collection of farmland taxes.

At this time, adding the farmland tax in the Dengzhou area in the early stage, the tax land included in the statistics of the two places is 290 million mu, calculated according to the yield of two stones per mu, and a low tax rate of 110%. As long as there are no natural disasters and no loss of income, the annual tax collection is already possible Up to [-] million stone.

If Chongzhen knew this number, I don't know what expression he would have.

The Ming Dynasty could not collect so much tax in the whole Shandong Province.

And before Ding Yi took control of Denglai, the taxed fields in the two places added up to less than 100 million mu, and the collection was still uneven.

The more uneven the collection, the more Chongzhen could only increase the dispatch, the more the increase, the more difficult the life of the common people, and finally lost the great Ming Dynasty.

But it's not enough for Ding Yi to just use a big sword against the squires, so naturally he also wants to give them carrots to eat.

First of all, the children of the gentry, as long as they can read and write, have the opportunity to become officials or soldiers. If they become officials, they will be exempted from tax by [-]%.

Then in the whole of Denglai, there are no other taxes except the commercial tax and the current farmland tax.

When they do business anywhere in Denglei, including going out to sea from Dengzhou, they will not pay any fees as before.

There will be no tolls to any prefecture in Denglei.

Officials in counties, prefectures, and prefectures don't need them to pay tribute every year.

Ding Yi adopts the principle of "double reporting, whoever gets the upper hand" when bribing officials.

What does that mean.

For example, a squire bribed an official with 1000 taels of silver, and the official first reported it. Not only was the 1000 taels legally owned, but the squire was fined ten times more, and 1 taels were given to the official.

Conversely, if a squire bribed an official with 1000 taels of silver, the squire would report back.

Not to mention the officials who were dismissed and arrested, the officials were fined ten times as much as 1 taels of silver and returned to the squires, and the land owned by the squires was exempted from tax for three years.

In such a double report, the squire would not dare to give money to the officials, and the officials would not dare to accept money from others in the case of whoever gets the upper hand first.

In this way, the interests of the squires are guaranteed, and the previous filial piety is saved for them.

At the beginning, the country gentry may feel that they are forced to give away or sell a large amount of land at a low price, and the days to come must be poor.

But it was later discovered that the annual expenditure was also reduced, and there was no need to give money to officials and officials at all levels, and the cost of going out was also reduced.

There are no taxes paid.

If you don't do business, there is no business tax, and a few hundred acres of land is enough for your family to eat and use.

Slowly they also began to accept their fate.

But it's useless not to accept fate. Without servants and servants, the country gentlemen alone can't stir up any troubles.

After finishing the agricultural tax, Ding Yi began to collect commercial tax.

In the first batch, select restaurants, inns, cloth merchants, grain stores, salt merchants, tooth shops, wine merchants, and other large shops and shops related to people's livelihood to collect taxes.

Taxes are collected on a fixed basis, ranging from ten taels to 5 taels per year per household.

Just after the farmland tax was settled, Ding Yi collected the commercial tax again. There was an uproar among the people, and many businessmen cursed at him.

The commercial tax of the Ming Dynasty was divided into the residential tax and the overtax.

Residential tax is divided into government store tax, collapsed house tax, market stall tax, land tax, tooth tax, deed tax, wine and vinegar tax, butcher tax, and others.

Banknote tax in taxation, levying tax, gate tax, Huai'an four taxes, and others.

Looking at this tax law, it is almost the same as the later generations. Taxes can be collected everywhere, but in fact it is extremely difficult to operate, especially in developed places such as the capital and the south of the Yangtze River. .

When Wei Zhongxian was there, he was exempted from commercial taxes in Panjiakou, Taolinjie, Linglengkou, Tongguan, Xianyang, Daqing, Qingyang, Fengxiang, Hanzhong, Lintao, Xi'an, Sanyuan, Zhejiang, Zhili, etc. outside the customs. Big, even more exaggerated than when the Donglin Party was in power.The unavoidable places are mainly a part of the Nanzhili area that has a relatively close relationship with the Donglin Party members. The people there saw that others were exempted, but we were not exempted. We quit immediately and beat the people who were sent to collect taxes to death. up.

If you dare to beat all the tax collectors to death, how much tax can you say you can collect?

Therefore, there were many types of taxes in the Ming Dynasty, but the taxes received were pitifully small.

Now Ding Yi first stationed the garrisons in the counties, and then replaced the officials.

I didn't recognize so many messy taxes in the past, and just collected taxes according to the quota.

For each shop, there will be a police officer to observe for ten days first, to see the customers coming in and out, to judge the sales volume, from the selling price to the cost assessment, and finally give them a fixed tax of 5 to [-] taels a year.

Of course, there are off-seasons and peak seasons for various businesses, but Ding Yi doesn't care, and the quota is based on a certain month.

The taxes set by the Ming court in the past were not counted at all. In fact, they existed in name only before, and they could not be collected at all.

At this time, there are a large number of shops that are not inside, such as butcher shops, clothing shops, rouge powder, groceries, etc. Those who are not inside are still complacent.

Among the first batch of people who were taxed, there were naturally some who were dissatisfied.

Some people also want to learn from Nanzhili (Nanjing) and organize people to drive away the fast-moving government servants who came to collect taxes.

There was no hesitation in "killing" the counties. The head of the household was killed, his home was confiscated, and all his property was confiscated.

A few early birds were killed, and the rest were all trembling.

At this time, someone from the government came out to guarantee that in addition to this fixed tax, there will be no other taxes and fees in the future, but the level will be adjusted every year.

When the government collects taxes, it must protect the shops. Anyone who dares to make trouble in your shops will be arrested.

During this period, Lu Chao's intelligence department took action, sending people to secretly instigate Qingpis from all over the country to go to the shops to make trouble. to the merchant.

Most of the green skins are very poor, and the government believes that the damage to the shops is relatively large, and some of them are exempted from tax.

The mood of the merchants is different now, and they suddenly feel that this kind of tax payment in the nature of protection fees is quite good.

After you pay the tax, the government decides for you and does not charge you any benefits.

Such a good government, where to find it, everyone naturally gradually recognized this kind of tax.

By September, all county governments, like Dengzhou, selected the most prosperous areas and set up formal blocking stalls. According to the different populations of each county, each county and each prefecture were only allowed two.

Like Dengzhou, each family has to pay 5 to 5000 taels per year according to the population. In the towns below the counties and prefectures, each town is only allowed to have one family, and the annual population is [-] to [-] taels.

All the businessmen flocked to it and invested heavily to find connections to compete. Laizhou has a large population. Some businessmen even suggested that only one can be opened in this state, and I will give you 20.

In October, more than a dozen counties in Denglai and Denglai cracked down on the red building at the same time. Only two houses could be opened in each county, and only one house could be opened in each town. They were on the same street as Dufang.

According to the population of the county, each family has to pay 1 to 3000 taels a year, and [-] to [-] taels at the township level, and businessmen are also flocking to it.

Many gentry who were forced to sell their land before began to compete for this industry, and Ding Yi really went out of his way to support some gentry who had lost a large amount of grain fields, which was regarded as compensation for them.

This business tax can be collected, it is still very scary, especially after joining the two profiteering industries of Red Mansion and Block Square.

到崇祯12年（1639年）末，登莱两府加十五个州县所有镇新收各种商税破100万两（因为是先交税，所以算到当年9月算到明年9月一年的税）。

The commercial tax in Denglei shocked Ding Yi's subordinates.

All people in the late Ming Dynasty saw the power of commercial tax for the first time.

(End of this chapter)