Daming Yuanfu

Chapter 530 Who is the Examiner?

Gao Yushi told Guo Pu that he would live in his university residence before the exam. In fact, it was just a rhetoric. He mainly used this gesture to express his support for Guo Pu, thereby strengthening Guo Pu's authority in Gaodang.Gao Wushi knew that Guo Pu would be able to see this point.

Since it was just a gesture, after Gao Dang's thunderous overthrow of Ling Yunyi following Zhu Yijun's "Junwei", Gao Wushi didn't really have to live in Guo Ge's old mansion all the time.

The examiner for the examination was temporarily decided by the emperor before the examination, but Gao Wushi knew that even if Guo Pu was appointed by the emperor to preside over the examination, he would definitely refuse.The reason is very simple, because Gao Yushi will also take part in the examination this time, and Gao Yushi is his student.

For the same reason, Gao Yushi estimated that his uncle Zhang Siwei would not be the chief examiner of this exam.

This made Gao Wushi scratch his head, because there is a high probability that a cabinet veteran will lead the exam, and there are only three cabinet elders now. If neither Guo Pu nor Zhang Siwei is willing to be the chief examiner, There is a high probability that the examiner this time will be Shen Shihang.

When Shen Shixing was in the first emperor's reign, he was the one who "knew the banquet with the prince". Although he was not a Japanese lecturer, because he was "in charge of the general responsibility", he actually gave lectures to Zhu Yijun—that is, he gave lectures to Gao Yushi class.

Shen Shixing was the No. 41 scholar on the [-]st Jiajing Gold List, so there is no doubt about his level of knowledge. However, he has never been particularly fond of the high-level and pragmatic lectures of this No. [-] scholar. Too calm and steady, speaking in a low voice, more than gentle and elegant, but not serious enough.

However, this may also be Shen Shixing's personal style. He is a gentle and elegant person, and his learning even brings Confucianism to Taoist inaction. To a certain extent, he represents a certain trend in the current philosophy of mind. It is to pay too much attention to the cultivation of the so-called xinxing, while deliberately downplaying many things in reality.

China has a 2000-year feudal history, and during these 2000 years, the unified dynasty has always respected Confucianism as the orthodox value since the Han Dynasty.But the so-called Confucianism has also changed and developed since Confucius and Mencius.Since the Song Dynasty, it has entered a new period.The Neo-Confucianism created by the five sons of the Northern Song Dynasty was divided into two schools, Zhu and Lu, in the Southern Song Dynasty. By the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism gradually became the mainstream in the ideological and cultural circles.When the Ming Dynasty was established, Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism further became the official orthodox ideology, and it was fixed as the orthodox essence of the monarchy through measures such as stereotyped selection of scholars.

However, in the middle and late Ming Dynasty, various social contradictions intensified, capitalism sprouted in the south of the Yangtze River, the burghers grew stronger, and a populist trend of individualism began to violently attack the official ideology represented by Cheng-Zhu Neo-Confucianism. And the concepts of Confucianism and Confucianism.It was at this time that Wang Yangming's philosophy of mind emerged.

Compared with his political experience, his ideological achievements are more impressive.After arduous and realistic tempering, he has achieved his own theory of psychology. "To conscience" is the core of Wang Yangming's philosophy.Later generations also called Wang Yangming's philosophy the study of conscience.

It is said that someone once invited Wang Yangming to give a lecture and asked him, "Apart from conscience, what else can I talk about?"But Wang Shouren refuted him with exactly the same words, saying: "Apart from conscience, what else can I talk about?"

In fact, for this story, Gao Pragmatism has a personal view, and it is a "different view".

Confucian "Taizong" and "Mencius" said that conscience is a kind of nature that is close to instinct. It is to know without learning, and to be able without learning. Everything is innate.However, Wang Yangming turned this instinctive moral induction into the core value concept of the Three Views.

Gao Yushi has always believed that Zen is the Sinicization and popularization of Buddhism, while Wang Xue and Zen are somewhat similar in purpose, and it also popularizes and popularizes Confucianism. There is no need to stick to the teachings of the Four Books and Five Classics, and everyone can understand Confucianism as they like. , everyone can be a sage.

Yangming's theory of mind has been widely spread among the people, but because there is no systematic and rigorous theory, it has not been able to obtain the status of orthodox thought, and has even been attacked by officials at different stages.Even after Wang Yangming's death, Emperor Jiajing commented on him, saying: "Shouren speaks out, slanders the Confucians, calls on the disciples, pretends to be congenial, uses deceitful feelings, and evil tricks. In recent years, scholars have spread heresy, all advocated by them." If this theory can be summed up in one sentence, it can be described as "mind learning is heresy."

However, the strange thing is that half a century after Wang Yangming's death, Xinxue still became popular and was officially recognized.In the 12th year of Wanli in history, Zhang Juzheng died, and some disciples of Xinxue entered the power center. Under their agitation, Emperor Wanli took Xinxue as a Confucian theory to develop and innovate, and Wang Yangming was enshrined in the Confucius Temple.

The high-practical point of view is that Wang Yangming may be qualified to enter the Confucian Temple, but the study of mind at that time was already a crazy study of the mind, and it was no longer the real "Yangming's study of the mind".

Because at that time, Shoufu Shen Shixing, one of the representatives of Xinxue in the imperial court, insisted on the practice of "extending conscience".

In fact, "conscience" itself is the most difficult word to define. "The theory of good nature" and "theory of evil" have been fighting for thousands of years, but there is no absolute winner. What is "conscience"? Is it that simple?
Ask two of the simplest questions: Is it right or wrong to kill someone?Is it right to kill the invaders?
It can be seen that conscience sometimes cannot solve all problems. The root of many problems is not from conscience at all, but from the advantages and disadvantages.

"Children only judge right and wrong, adults only look at the pros and cons."

Of course, the masters of psychology are all adults, but they have to use the guise of "promoting conscience", which is troublesome.So people like Xu Jie and Shen Shixing came into being.There is one thing when talking about learning, and another when dealing with affairs.

To the conscience, finally reduced to selfish desires.

Xu Jie and Shen Shixing's "introduction to selfish desires" is manifested as moderate perseverance. As long as they can keep their seats, other things can be ignored for the time being. If something happens, it is good to make peace with each other. means of problem.

Zhang Juzheng was caught among them. Although he was born in physical and mental studies, he was greatly influenced by Gao Gong, so he took a different path: when he was governing the country, he was more inclined to practical learning, and when he was seeking personal gain, he was more inclined to spiritual learning.This is actually the root cause of Zhang Juzheng's history of anti-corruption of others while his own.

However, Gao Yushi was not worried that Shen Shixing would be unfavorable to him if he really served as the chief examiner, because Shen Shihang's thoughts on governance and human behavior made him dare not tear himself apart with Gao Dang—this point was full of Gao Yushi. Certainty, especially after Gao Yushi had just decisively pulled Ling Yunyi off his horse.

With Shen Shixing's prudence, he may even carefully avoid conflicts with Gao Dang during this period of time. After all, Gao Dang seems to have a tendency to reunite after Gao Yushi returned to Beijing. If he takes action against Gao Yushi at this time, Gao Dang, who "draws his sword and looks around in a daze", might suddenly find his opponent, and scramble to "shoot the first bird".

Counting from Gao Gong's first entry into the cabinet, Gao Dang has always been in a rebellious style for more than ten years now. With Shen Shixing's way of life, how could he be willing to be this early bird and go with him? High party dead beat?

So the question that Gao Wuzhen needs to consider now is, if Shen Shihang, who ranks last in the cabinet, is the chief examiner, who will be the deputy chief examiner?Will it have an impact on my career path?
　This chapter has been written for a long time, and I feel that it may be too theoretical again, but after thinking about it, in fact, the later "partisan struggle" in the book is in the final analysis caused by academic disputes, and the origin of academic disputes The root cause is that the two sides have different positions—practical learning is actually considering issues from the perspective of the imperial court’s ruling ability; mental learning is considering issues on behalf of local and personal interests.So I still think this chapter is necessary.

　　
　
(End of this chapter)