Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1479 Parting Warning ([-])

Liu Yu said that Li Yan still does not believe that the future belongs to industry and commerce. He seems to be talking about the future, but he is actually reminding Li Yan that the emerging class has become a force that can be used.If you really want to do something in the future, you have to get the support of chaebols, financiers, and capitalists.

As for the preferential purchase of land by industrial bonds, to put it bluntly, it is to sell high-quality state-owned land with potential to increase in value at a low price to raise funds to complete infrastructure and heavy industry foundations.

By the way, let's solve the "land redemption" in North China and force the landlords to transform.

According to this routine, the landlords who are forced to transform are not so much railway stocks as they are called forced savings industrial treasury bonds.

At that time, the landlord has nothing but two choices.

Or, get some interest every year, wait for the railway to be repaired in the future, move to the Songhua River to buy land for reclamation, sell soybeans, and integrate into the trading system.

Or, sell the national bonds in your hand at a low price, whoever has the money sells them, and takes cash, but it is impossible to get cash from the court—I want to get cash from the court, which can only be redeemed after maturity.

In order to prevent industrial and commercial capital from returning to the land in North China, some restrictions on land sales must be added.

To put it simply, it is to rely on the "reputation" accumulated by the court over the years and the inertia of "follow me to make a fortune" to raise money.Use the "wasteland at this time" north of the Songliao watershed as a return on investment.

In fact, it is still a high rate of return.On the one hand, there are fixed dividends, and on the other hand, there is future land. The rate of return is definitely not low, but it is just a relatively long cycle.

The economy, jokingly speaking, sometimes overdraws the future.

Overdraft the future and bet on technological innovation and new breakthrough points.

Just like when Liu Yu said that Li Yan didn't want both ends of the first mouse, it was tantamount to selling the arable land near the railway line at a low price, which could be used to grow soybeans as a cash crop, and that was to overdraw the future.

This matter, if you really want to talk about it, is not much different from Yuan Shizhen's salt law reform in the last Wanli period of the previous dynasty.It's all about overdrafting the future potential, getting the money out first, and solving the current problems.

Of course Liu Yu has confidence in the future, and he does not object to this practice of overdrafting the future.

After all, he didn't consider the "future" from the perspective of the Li family dynasty.

Nasan knows that the land is nothing to worry about. If you are in a hurry, you will revolutionize it. After the revolution, you will divide the land.As for large industries, infrastructure, railways, etc., they cannot be dismantled. You can’t carry a rail home by yourself, can you?

When Dashun died in the future, the land would still be there. It was nothing more than a question of who would own the land.Railways, infrastructure, canals, and the new channel of the Yellow River that will be completed in the future, it is impossible to say that there will be another anti-human being in the future, and the Yellow River will be smashed.

Is it overdrafting the future?
It can be counted.Land that may be worth 3 million taels in the future can only be sold for tens of millions of taels to raise money for road construction.

In other words, the most conservative military force of the Dashun Dynasty, the possible good families on the frontier, the blood tax self-cultivators, and the sharp knives that will be suppressed soon, were occupied by the bourgeoisie, so there must be fewer such blood-tax self-cultivators.

But what is overdrawn is the future of the Dashun court, even if it is the future of the Xinxinshun court after Li Yan does something in the future.

For the abstract nation, future, totality, future country, etc., it is an increase in productivity and a huge legacy.

Because like Liu Yu, if you don't look at this matter from the perspective of the Li family dynasty, then it's not overdrafting the future.

On the contrary, it will bring about 2 million mu of commercial grain large-scale farmland and related land concept water conservancy construction in the future; it will bring at least several million people who immigrate quickly to the north of the Songliao watershed, that is It can strengthen borders and ease the pain of small farmers in the transformation of North China; it will leave a basically formed railway network outside the customs; it will leave a Nanyang sugar economy that is more tied to the Dashun economy; Iron Works Coal Mine.

And, it will bring millions of agricultural workers, railroad workers, coal miners, etc.

However, looking at it from another perspective, it is actually more clear.

Simply put, it is the distribution of benefits from "foreign expansion and colonial plunder".

Realize quickly, and the court will take a small head.

The land is sold, and the capital takes the bulk.

The Dashun court got a small profit from external expansion to build roads and infrastructure.As a result, the land in some places that were originally worthless has become valuable, creating the conditions required for the capitalist production model. Basically, it can be understood that this road is built for the convenience of capital to earn profits.

Let the bourgeoisie take the bulk of foreign expansion, frontier wars and colonial plunder.

If you look at it this way, it's pretty clear.

At least within this system, who is the real ruling class, who the state apparatus serves, and the new generation born from the bourgeoisie who think they are not yet capable of ruling and temporarily hand over the ruling power to the old aristocracy, are determined by them. Temporary proxy rule.

What is the point of looking at it from this perspective?
Obviously, it means a lot.

If Li Yan can understand this point and understand the analysis of interests between classes, then he can know how to do things, whose strength he should rely on to do things, how to repay after he succeeds, and for whom the subsequent policies should be formulated.

The land was originally the biggest achievement of the expansion in the tail period of this great age of exploration.It is also the easiest to realize.

What Li Yan said is right: as long as the means of transportation change, many lands that were originally worthless can appreciate rapidly.For example, the land in North America, the land in Australia, and of course the land along the Songhua River and Heilongjiang River.

Liu Yu's meaning was also very clear.

You can use the guise of helping small farmers to solve their difficulties, increasing the per capita land area, and emigrating to solve the conflict between people and land.It doesn't matter if you say you are using a cover like in "On the Elimination of Poverty".

The point is, you have to be clear.

A pretense is a pretense.

A corpse is a corpse.

Li Zicheng is Li Zicheng.

You are you.

You can use such a guise, but you have to understand that under the guise, you want to serve the bourgeoisie to make better profits.

Lao Ma said: [Fraudulent transfer of state-owned land, plundering of common land, etc., and transforming it into modern private property are all methods of primitive accumulation.These methods give capitalist agriculture a sphere of activity and allow land to merge with capital...]

This model manifested itself in the land enclosure movement in the UK, while in North America it manifested itself in the land sale system and the land gift system.

The difference is that the enclosure is because there are people on the ground; while the North American model is because...the original people on the ground are killed.

Here, Dashun adopts a method similar to the latter, and tries to avoid mergers in the core area.

To be more precise, Liu Yu is warning Li Yan not to try to solve the problem with the "youth version of land thinking" in those uninhabited border areas.

Since it is said that private ownership and land sales are recognized, small land ownership will eventually be played into mergers, which is the "American model" mentioned by Ilyich - state-owned land, homestead law, small farmers, wealth polarization, mergers, and finally capital A farm of socialist agriculture.

As for the situation in the north of the Dashun-Songliao watershed, then simply don't take off your pants and fart through the process.Directly engage in large-scale land ownership.Including fraudulent transfer of state-owned land, sale of state-owned land at a low price, gift of land, priority purchase, etc. any possible method.

Learn from history.

In the early days of doing this in North America, there was indeed a wind of land speculation.That's purely because Hamilton broke away from the level of productivity and transportation at that time, and took an extra step, which is a mess.Waiting for the railway to be repaired, making land management profitable, and finally completed the merger and large farm.

But Dashun is just different here.

Once the railway is repaired, if the soybeans north of Songliao can be shipped out, then the southern state's plantation model can be applied here, relying on the market and managing the land.

It was indeed as Liu Yu said.

Capital is willing to pay for infrastructure in some places in Dashun.Because capital is "one-to-one".

For example, for the canal from Wuyi Mountain to Minjiang River, the capital pays for the construction of the canal, and the capital collects the toll tax of the canal. In the hands of Dashun, as long as the Europeans don’t steal the tea seedlings, no matter how Dashun’s policy changes in the future, whether it is to continue exporting from Songsu to Guangdong, or directly to Fuzhou to do business, the canal from Wuyishan to Minjiang will be profitable. Figure's.

Including the construction of the railway from Jiaozhou to Jinan Prefecture, the same is true.

This is "one-to-one". Capital only looks at the benefits of a single thing it invests in, and it is impossible to coordinate the overall situation.

And for example, from the capital city or Lushun, a railway has been built in Shenyang, across the Songliao Watershed for six hundred miles to the Songhua River and Heilongjiang.

Just looking at railways, short-term benefits and returns are basically invisible.

and so.

Or, the imperial court funded the repairs, looking at the problem from an overall perspective.This includes the traditional global perspective: strengthening borders, relocating people, and resolving the conflict between people and land in North China.

Or, corresponding policies must be introduced so that the railway itself is abstracted away, and the profits are placed elsewhere, so that capital is willing to pay the money.

The difference in this, for the ruler, is quite big.

To put it simply, the first type is repaired with funds from the imperial court.

For example, engage in the "three rates" model, and learn from Chongzhen, [temporarily tire our people for several years].

As a result, the repairs were completed, but the common people were not satisfied, the landlords ran over there to farm without remembering the benefits of the court, and the bourgeoisie might have to be "donated" or something.

Afterwards, after the event, emigration, farmland, border guards, real borders, etc., migrated population, and everyone refused to migrate, so they had to be scolded again.

However, changing to the model Liu Yu mentioned, it would be quite different.

The bourgeoisie happily obtained the land, obtained the primitive accumulation, and will return the "principal and interest" in the future. After that, it can also obtain profits by depriving those agricultural employees of the surplus value.

For small farmers, they feel that they will not hurt themselves, have never been paid, and can go there to work and grow beans if they can't live on at home, and maybe they can get a piece of land around the farm.

And the labor force itself is not lacking: the landlords merged, lent money, or went bankrupt, causing them to lose their land, and "voluntarily and actively" climbed into the fourth-class carriage bound for the Songhua River to plant beans, at least it was not the ruler's payment caused by.

And if it was done by Li Yan, then the bourgeoisie should not set up a memorial tablet for Li Yan?
So, things are all one thing.

build roads.

If the land continues to develop in the end, as long as there is no revolution, it will definitely end in the same way: the final annexation.

However, the process is completely different.

The former is all infamy.

For the latter, at least the bourgeoisie burn incense and set up longevity cards, thinking that this is a "good emperor" of the bourgeoisie that can be relied on.That is the version of what Lao Ma said, to the most distorted level, only the emperor can maintain capitalism, only thieves can protect private property, and only the morally low can be the pope.

So, this is what Liu Yu really meant when he said that Li Yan still did not put his future on industry and commerce: You need to change to a different class to help your ambitions, and you have to use the situation of the industry and commerce era to think about problems, and you need to know how to pull assets Class up.

The real support behind the emperor's Nasan, who is playing small farmers, is the financiers and the bourgeoisie, and what he finally achieved is the rapid development of industry.

The same goes for Li Yan.

You can wear blindfolds.You can also wear a felt hat.

But don’t really think of yourself as Li Zicheng, because if you are not successful, you have to know in your heart that you are an ambitious man under the tide of the times, not a hero who wants to save the people from the fire and the world.

So we have to wear blindfolds to win over Songsu financiers, the big bourgeoisie, and the "surplus" literate population of the Real School who actually think that they should be masters.

Because these people are afraid of the real Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong.

And now there is another fusion monster of the Radical School of Realism and the Retro-Confucian School.

If you wear blindfolds, others cannot wear them. Only in this way can they gain a sense of security, ease conflicts, suppress the scene, and prevent the real Li Zicheng and Zhang Xianzhong from appearing.

To put it simply, you can engage in compulsory redemption, and you go to blame the landlord.In this way, the emerging bourgeoisie is temporarily safe.The lower class want something, if they don’t get it from the landlords, then the lower class will take it from the landlords and the bourgeoisie, how can they tell whether it’s the landlords or the bourgeoisie?If you don't take the initiative to harm the landlords, anyway, the landlords in North China are not strong, and the power of the emerging classes in the pioneering areas is already strong enough to suppress them.

Give small benefits to small farmers to ease conflicts.

Give great benefits to the bourgeoisie and make it believe that you are the "savior of private ownership".

Since the ambition is to be the emperor, the benefactor of all peoples, and the father of the common people, then you must know which class you have to take something from before you can give it to another class.It is the safest and least risky way to take it from the landlords in the pioneering areas and give it to the small farmers.

Of course, Liu Yu has already helped you through the steps of external expansion, frontier wars, and colonial plunder.And this step did not reach the level of mobilizing the whole of France after the French Revolution.

The old horse said: [Napoleon used the new market he opened up with the bayonet and the plunder of the mainland to repay the capital with interest...]

In the era of Napoleon and France, it was almost a general mobilization in France, so the repayment with interest was the entire French population, especially a large number of farmers.

However, Dashun did not and could not mobilize the [-] million people in Dashun to open up new markets with bayonets, plunder overseas, colonize land, etc.

Of course, taxes are levied throughout the country, and there must be taxes paid by Shaanxi, Gansu and other places in the ships built, but the benefits can be ignored and not given to them.The defense and stability of the northwest frontier are the basis for going to Nanyang and fighting the First World War, but they can also be ignored.

Therefore, you can directly give some of the benefits here.

That is to say.

Within the original scope, especially the pioneering areas, or in other words, Shandong and Gyeonggi.If you want to be emperor, you have to give something from one class to another.Here, it is best to choose the meat of the landlords and give them to the small farmers to gain support and stability, and at the same time let the bourgeoisie see that you have the ability to stabilize the situation.

In the non-original range, that is, outside the core area of ​​non-Dashun rule 30 years ago, such as the north of Songliao, Nanyang, Fusang and other places, Liu Yu has used bayonets to open up new markets and start plundering, so these The advantage is that there is no need to cut the internal flesh.If you directly give to the bourgeoisie, to the military upstarts, to the ministers who follow the dragon, and to those scholars who are still still scholars of the real school who laugh at themselves as not scholars, you don’t have to, at least you don’t have to face it, to cut the flesh of a class. them.

This is what Liu Yu said, if you are not afraid of Dashun's toss, you are afraid that Dashun will not toss you.

But if you want to toss, don't toss meaninglessly.

Anyway, the purpose of tossing is to die early and reincarnate early.It is good to leave more inheritance before tossing until death.

Liu Yu is not putting all the treasure on Li Yan, but just saying that the matter has come to an end, and the emerging class will have to think about things sooner or later, and they will always find an agent.There are many directions to toss, but if you want to toss in this direction, it is best to find someone who can toss and understand.

If the toss in this direction fails, there will naturally be toss in other directions.In other words, if the tossing of this class fails, people from another class will stand up and find the way. The emerging class is the "twin", but it does not mean that there is only the bourgeoisie.

This is what Liu Yu reminded Li Yan of the true meaning of the word "business".

The old ones are outdated.

You have to change your mind and step into the tide of the new era. What age is it, and you are still playing the traditional Jingnan Qingjun side Xuanwumen?

This time we are going to bring a new class to play, we can’t stay the same, it’s just that the people from Yanwang’s Mansion replaced the people from Nanjing City, but the people who pay the rent are still those people, just change people to pay.

It's just that it's impossible for Li Yan to say whether he has ambitions at this time, and this thing has to wait for a chance.It is useful to plan in advance, but you can't do it when you don't have the opportunity. There is one and only one chance to do these things in Dashun.It is impossible to instigate a mutiny in a tavern or in a barracks, and as a result, he will be released after spending two years in prison, and there is still a chance to make a comeback.Dashun is not like this, and there is no need to remind this, Li Yan knows better than Liu Yu.

But even so, when Liu Yu talked about the idea of ​​binding industrial bonds and agricultural land, Li Yan also recalled it in his heart.

Reminiscing about Liu Yu's previous policies, there are some things that Li Yan didn't see clearly before, and he felt a little enlightened.

"When you hear the public words, it's like seeing the sun behind the clouds, and you're enlightened!"

"If this is the case, it really kills two birds with one stone. Capital refuses to build roads, but must cultivate and buy land, so why not build roads and buy land together?"

"To the north of the Songliao watershed, there are large plains, suitable for growing beans, and the land is fertile. It is no less than 300 million hectares. If one-fifth of them are used as bait, the road construction funds can be obtained at your fingertips."

Afterwards, Li Yan suddenly said: "Thinking about it now, isn't this the method of the Duke's monopoly on Japan's trade and binding military obligations?"

"It's just that at that time, Japan's gold and silver were directly used as bait, and monopoly power was believed, and they were bound to train sailors, build large ships, and train trainee officers."

"At this time, the imperial court has a good reputation, but it can be like the Fusang gold mine, which draws the cake first and then cashes it in. This railway bond gives priority to buying land, isn't it just a change of the state's government's monopoly on Japan's trade monopoly and binding the navy's obligations?"

Liu Yu said with a smile: "Grandpa Yue used to say: The skill of using it is all in one mind. As in the art of war, so are these things."

"As the ancients said, Your Highness still needs to take the righteousness well and discard the form."

"For example, in the past, Duke Huan wanted to kill regular merchants to benefit farmers, and asked Guanzi if he had a right way to do this?"

"Guanzi said to him: Millet is heavy and everything is light, and millet is light and everything is heavy. The two are not in balance. Therefore, killing the merchants and benefiting the farmers, please pay three hundred for the price of the millet. If it is, the fields will be opened up. And the farmer persuaded him to do it. Then he ordered the doctor to store it in the city, so that the Qing and the princes could hide a thousand bells, the doctor could hide [-] bells, the senior officials could hide [-] bells, and the rich merchants could store [-] bells. In addition, it can benefit farmers..."

"The reason is the three links of production, circulation and consumption."

"If you want to promote production, then find a way to increase the price of production to make it profitable. And how to increase the price of production, you must find a way to increase consumption."

"The system at that time was different from that at this time. So Guan Zi remonstrated with Qi Huan and ordered officials such as doctors to collect grain for storage. He mobilized grain prices to increase and promote agricultural production."

"Actually, hasn't Your Highness already got a taste of it?"

"Isn't the idea of ​​destroying India's sugar industry, teaching Japan how to fertilize rice with soybeans, and Sulu's transformation and expansion of exports to Japan in exchange for Japanese rice, essentially expanding the consumer market for soybeans?"

"The methods of the ancient times should not be used immediately. Because there are no doctors, ministers, and princes at this time, and they are no longer the biggest consumers. But the idea is still the same."

"It's the same with the land issue."

"If you want capital to be willing to invest in land, in addition to selling the land, you must also give them a chance to make a profit. Otherwise, if they don't make a profit, they will not buy it, not to mention many obligations. In the end, I'm afraid they may Choose to divide the land into small plots and resell them to small farmers."

"So, Your Highness may wish to think about it. The imperial court granted monopoly power to merchants in trade with Japan, and imposed naval obligations on them. What is the premise?"

Li Yan thought for a while, nodded and said: "The premise is that it was already very profitable to go to Japan before. So making money comes first, and then the imperial court guarantees the monopoly, so they will be happy to accept naval obligations."

Liu Yu laughed again and said, "So, road construction depends on the land; land depends on the price of beans; and the price of beans depends on the three directions His Highness said. First create a market, then increase the price of beans, and then build roads to the north of Songliao. "

"If you want to control the Yellow River, you must first abolish the canal; if you abolish water transportation, you must first cut down the Japanese and go to Nanyang; if you go to Nanyang, you must first flatten the northwest."

"That's why, things should not be rushed or delayed. You need to understand in your heart, at least have a rough plan, instead of taking it for granted, finish and do the previous things well. Only then will the next things come to fruition. "

"If you have the ability to act like Guan Zi, it would be easy for the imperial court to directly collect beans and raise the price. But if the imperial court has the ability to collect beans and raise the price, why worry about road construction without money? Therefore, this is not an easy matter."

"His Royal Highness has three strategies to increase the price of beans and expand the market. Then, why not... write a book to make it clear and let the world know. It's okay to make this clear. India and Japan can't resist, and it's useless to know. "

(End of this chapter)