Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1391 The Treaty of Versailles ([-])

The difficulty lies in the minimum standard of the family smallholder economy in the New World—according to Jefferson's reforms in history, there is a very famous quarter of the minimum amount of land purchases.

According to the standard of "poor farmers" in North America at this time, it was 40 acres, or 240 acres; while the standard of "lower farmers" in North America was 160 acres, or 960 acres; the standard of real "middle farmers" was 480 acres.One of Jefferson's reform measures was to cut the original "minimum middle peasant standard for buying land" into quarters.

Even according to the "poor" standard of the New World, 240 mu is quite an attractive figure in Dashun.

Assuming that a household is granted 240 mu of land, two-thirds of it is fallow in rotation, and one third of it is used as fodder for animal husbandry. This figure will still attract a large number of people.

The common people here, in the classification of Dashun, are not poor peasants, but rich squires and small landlords with military merits, they can still be counted as "common people" here.

But the pain of this rush is that in Dashun, the family does not have a land of 240 mu, and I am afraid that they cannot afford the ticket to travel across the ocean.

Because in this era, if you want to keep the death rate from scurvy low, the cost of going to North America from Dashun is quite high.

What really affected the stability of the Dashun Dynasty was precisely the people whose families did not have 240 mu of land, let alone 24 mu of land.

The "difficulty" Li Yan said, to put it bluntly, is the difference between the so-called "protecting Dashun" or "for China".

In the abstract "for Huaxia", then the imperial court paid money to emigrate, and moved some small landlords, hereditary households with military merits, and sons of fifth- and sixth-rank officers and concubines. In three to fifty years, the West Coast can still have a population of one million Huaxia people, and they can resist living in the East. The westward advance of the coast was stress-free.

But in fact, emigrating this group of people is not even the icing on the cake for Dashun.Because these people are the group of people with the least willingness to rebel.

What's more, in fact, it is not suitable for Dashun to engage in the "contract slave" method.Because the essence of indentured slavery is exploitation, and it needs to complete the "last hop of the commodity", where capital goes to hire people and cultivate them, isn't it just for money?So what can be sold on the West Coast for money?Can participate in world trade?
The gap between reality and ideal is huge.

In reality, Dashun collects money, and the imperial court pays for emigration, directing emigration, and removing the poorest tenants.It can not only protect Dashun, but also serve Huaxia, and everyone is happy.

In reality, Dashun collected money, and the imperial court paid for emigration. Most of the people removed were the concubine sons of military industrial landlords, sons of gentry, and not-so-poor relatives of officials.

Because even if the number of North American allotments is halved and then halved again, North American allotments still have an insurmountable advantage: no need to perform corvee, no need to apportion local taxes.

Taking Shandong as an example, even if Liu Yu dug the river, the Yellow River has gone to Shandong, so should the embankment be maintained?Do you need people for maintenance?When the summer rainy season comes, should everyone go to the dike?Even if the labor law is changed so that rich households contribute money and poor households contribute effort, don’t they still need to be paid for labor?

How much Dashun is taxing is an embarrassing figure.

Even the "three rates" don't seem to be too much in theory, but the upper level receives one tael and the lower level receives 15 taels; the local finance has no money, and the imperial court has always acquiesced in local fire consumption apportionment and donations.

In theory, there is another way, that is to select a group of "million students" from Dashun and send them there.

But in reality, it doesn't work either.

For those who are young, they still want to make a run for themselves, and become a scholar or something.

The older ones... The ones who didn't make a fuss at all, Dashun sent a group of poor talents from grandparents to North America for reclamation?Not to mention whether they are willing to go or not, even if they are willing to go, as a "benefit for students", then have these people cultivated it?
In the end, if this is done, Dashun’s practical school will really be reversed: Oh, we are marginalized people, and we also recognize that we are unable to be regular officials and do not go through the civil service system. Immigrants do good things such as "welfare" Not our turn?We fought wars and explored. If you want to move landless and jobless poor people there for the sake of the community, for the sake of fairness, and to alleviate the conflict between people and land, we will admit it, for the sake of righteousness and Dali, Can.But after working for a long time, it was used as "student welfare" for that group of people, so what are you talking about, then just find a leader, get the yellow robe ready, "Your Excellency, let's do it!"

That's why Li Yan said "difficult".

When he said "difficult", he said it was difficult from the perspective of the Dashun Dynasty.

From the point of view of the blood group, what is so difficult?What's the problem?How could it be difficult?

With one card at the Cape of Good Hope, the Southern Ocean will be full of Chinese people sooner or later, and it will be full in a hundred years; once the gold mine is dug, the west coast of North America will be built within 50 years, and there will be 500 million people. Zhang Fei is as simple as eating bean sprouts, blocking the East Not to mention the westward movement of the coast, it may even push to the Appalachian Mountains.

For the emperor, with the finalization of the "Versailles Peace Treaty" to be signed, the emperor's prestige reached the peak of his life.

However, time is fair to all, and death is the most equal trial.

This kind of reform involving land equalization and even reshaping the financial structure, if it is a reform rather than a violent overthrow, will require a highly prestigious emperor to make it.

But in the same way, if it is not the founding emperor, when the prestige reaches its peak, time is running out.

Li Yan knew that he did not have even a ten-thousandth chance of inheriting, whether it was a physical disability or the experience of being baptized as a child, it was absolutely impossible.

And his elder brother, the current crown prince...

Some things, relying on his extremely high prestige, his father might be able to accomplish them. Although it is actually still difficult, there is at least a one-ten-thousandth possibility; It is inevitable that Wang Mang's reform will be completed.

The method he can think of is nothing more than the "patrol of the eight prefectures".

The imperial court directly formed a capable review team, from county to county, and directly selected candidates from the court who had nothing to do with the local area, and accurately reviewed the qualifications of immigrants.But behind this, after the people are removed, whether to equalize the land, whether to re-reform the tax system, whether to cancel the personal attachment of tenant farmers under the land system, etc.Mobilize the whole body, if a county moves, as a model, people in other places will definitely respond.

This doesn’t work, that doesn’t work either, Li Yan thinks, don’t look at Dashun’s return from victory in the Atlantic Ocean, but for the Li family dynasty, I’m afraid it’s really the last prosperity of the blooming flowers, and after that it’s chaotic. Eat and wait to die, wait until the cycle arrives.

After all, he still didn't think of one thing: Liu Yu didn't choose to continue the reform, because Liu Yu had only three words left for Dashun's Li family dynasty in his heart: it can't be cured, it can't be saved, and it's ready to leave.

In fact, at this point, the "Treaty of Versailles" for Dashun actually prepared two paths for the Li family dynasty.

One, as envisioned by the current practical radicals, using billions of acres of overseas land—the three prairie provinces of Canada in later generations, to grow corn and wheat, enough to ensure that 5000 million farmers can live a prosperous life, not to mention the United States Mixed agricultural belt of wheat and animal husbandry - complete the great cause of land equalization.

The other is to use the European market, Indian market, East African market, and Middle East market obtained through the contract to resist all pressures and complete industrial and commercial transformation.Relying on these markets, the industrialization transformation of the coastal areas has been completed, and a path completely different from the small-scale peasant economy in the past has been blazed.

Even, if we say that combining these two paths requires industrialization and relies on immigration pressure relief valves to alleviate the pain of industrialization’s impact on the small peasant economy, then naturally it is the best, most perfect, and may even be low-intensity , A huge change that can be completed with only 800 million people dying—it sounds scary, but in fact, if it is really possible to complete it with only 800 million people dying, he will be a great person who can be advertised in the annals of history—— —Because it is not an exaggeration to calculate according to the standard of 800 million deaths mentioned here. How many people died in the UK?That little population doesn’t count if you don’t mention Ireland, Scotland, let alone the great famine in Bengal, but how many people died from religious persecution in England?The Jacobite uprisings and repressions that lasted for decades, and the high death rate of non-Anglican heretics who were forced to immigrate, how many died?How many of the indentured slaves who traveled across the ocean after the Enclosure Movement died?How high is the death rate of a Virginia company that claimed in the early days that "everyone will be replaced every three years"?The "two cannons filled with grape bullets aimed at the workers' area and ready to be fired at any time" in the first water-powered weaving factory are still cultural relics at the site of the factory.

But obviously, Dashun Li's family can't go through either of these two roads.

Huaxia can get through, and the prerequisites rely on the "Versailles Peace Treaty", which has basically been met.

But Dashun's Li family dynasty couldn't get through.

As later generations commented: the Russians would break through Berlin and plant their flags at the Reichstag, but the Romanovs would not see it.

The "Treaty of Versailles" that is about to be signed, for Dashun, actually solved two things in total.

Land, migration cycle buffers in North America.

The European market, the sphere of influence east of the Cape of Good Hope is demarcated.

Some truths are easy to understand in Britain.For example, as long as it is fully industrialized, the livelihood of most people can be solved, and there only needs to be a colonial market of 3000 million square kilometers, then all contradictions will be diluted.

The same reasoning is difficult to explain in Dashun.Many practitioners believe that industrialization is the future, but how far is this future?

Dashun's land, if "the labor limit of each agricultural population's iron ox farming age" is guaranteed, then only 6000 million agricultural population is needed.The remaining [-] million people are all engaged in industry and commerce?

From the perspective of future generations, I think the problem is not big: [-] million people are engaged in industry and commerce, isn't this normal?
From the current point of view, even if Liu Yu's "judgment is accurate" all the time, there are not many people who really believe in this statement.

Capital needs to transform the whole world according to their needs.

Retrofitting, however, is a lengthy process.

Taking India as an example, the "unreformed" Indian market can only "feed" an industrial population of up to 20 Dashun.For now, that's it.

In this transformation process, one question has to be asked: Is Dashun included in this "world to be transformed"?

Should we first destroy, destroy, and transform Dashun's own small-scale peasant economy that is farmed by men and weaved by women?
The "enclosure movement" in the UK was to open up fields and destroy well fields, and determined the exclusive ownership of the land. If Dashun wants to follow this path, it seems that there is no need to change the ownership.

Well, this road does not actually involve a "land legal right" issue, but only an economic issue: Dashun, can it provide industrial and commercial jobs for [-] million tenants and poor farmers?

How many export-oriented jobs can Dashun provide with the sphere of influence and market content of the Treaty of Versailles?It may not be a good job, even if it is cleaning the chimney in the narrow chimney, digging coal in the mine, rubbing cotton in the cotton field, or even chopping wood for shipbuilding, how many people can it accommodate?
This is another reason for Li Yan to lament.After all, the "Treaty of Versailles" has done two things for Dashun. If the second thing, that is, foreign trade-oriented exports, can accommodate a large enough population, there is no need for Li Yan to lament—if that is the case, then the problem of immigration , is just the future of China, or the icing on the cake.Then what are you worried about?The contradiction between man and land, regardless of the restraint of productivity by the tenancy system, can also be regarded as the contradiction between "I want to work" and "no opportunity to work" from the perspective of capitalism.If export orientation and overseas markets can provide [-] million people with opportunities to "work", then from the perspective of capitalism, this is no problem, so why worry about it?
But Li Yan doesn't think it can accommodate enough people, and in fact most people around Li Yan don't think it can accommodate so many people.

Therefore, the immigration issue, for the Dashun Dynasty, is not as simple as icing on the cake, but is related to whether the most important conflict between people and land in Dashun can be alleviated, which has led to "Dashun is Dashun, Huaxia is Huaxia" differences.

For Dashun, high-intensity immigration must be increased by an order of magnitude.

For China, there is really no need to worry. Liu Yu has already buried a lot of mines and dug a lot of holes in North America and Europe. Even if he comes slowly, he will be able to ensure China's population advantage in North America in 50 years.

In fact, Dashun has come to this point, and at this moment, the internal and external economic operations are neither based on Adam Smith's economics, although Dashun calls free trade fierce; Ricardo's set was used, because Dashun was so weird that it was impossible for Europe to have a so-called "relative advantage".

In fact, Dashun made a fucking [Malthusian economics].

That is: [Bourgeois and workers who rely on commodity production cannot provide effective demand at all. 】

[It is necessary to ensure the existence of a group of people who "only consume, not produce".Only by relying on these people can sufficient "effective demand" be provided. 】

[That is, landlords, officials, the army, usurers, nobles with servants, etc., they only consume, not produce.Without them, there will definitely be an economic crisis]

Of course, for Dashun, this so-called "effective demander" also includes consumption in Europe, where the amount of gold and silver deposits dug out before is extremely high.

That is, relying on European consumers, local landlords and gentry, military aristocrats, and raw landowners, relying on them to maintain "effective demand" to alleviate the outbreak of the crisis.

Dashun does not have Malthus, but it has "Guan Zi".Taking it out of context, it makes sense for students to say that they are exempted: you see, we do not produce effective demand but consume. Without us, who would sell things to?Isn't that an economic crisis?Therefore, not only should we not cancel preferential treatment and rent restrictions on us, but we should be encouraged to spend extravagantly. As the "Guanzi" said, if we burn firewood, we must hire someone to carve it. That's right.

Even if we gentry and landlords are allowed to reduce the land rent, can those tenants be able to buy cotton cloth for consumption?Most of the time, I let my wife rub it by myself to save money, right?So, isn't it better for us to increase the rent and continue to spend [-] out of [-] in order to boost consumption?Because according to Malthusian economics, or "Guanzi" economics after chapters, we can provide "effective demand", and tenants cannot provide effective demand.

Landlords are not necessarily opposed to bourgeois economics, and economics is a "classic" for different classes. There are 1 asses, and there are [-] kinds of economics, and they all seem to make sense and logic Self-consistent.Landlords and rentiers also have their own economics.

This is determined by Dashun's economic foundation, although Liu Yu threw away this set of economics and population theory out of the idea of ​​defrauding Japan, planning to defraud people.

But now, it's really shooting yourself in the foot. With the switch from export to domestic sales, and with the European market that will be obtained after the "Versailles Peace Treaty" is about to be signed, this set of things is now very popular in Dashun.

(End of this chapter)