Xinshun 1730

Chapter 1322 Superstructure in line with the status quo

John Hancock made his way through the drunken crowd to where Joseph Warren was preaching.

He ordered a glass of Madeira wine, a rich, syrupy Portuguese wine mixed with orange peel and honey, which was his favorite wine.none of them.

Historically, he was caught by the customs for smuggling Madeira wine. John Adams, Samuel Adams’ cousin and later the second president, won the lawsuit as his lawyer and was thus arrested. Considered the beginning of a revolution.Later, Madura wine was also full of historical taste and was pushed to an unprecedented height.

At this time, John Hancock simply liked the rich aroma of this wine, the kind of pure liking for a wine without any politically correct meaning and historical additions.

After saying hello to the acquaintances around him, John Hancock looked at Joseph Warren who was speaking there, and nodded slightly to him in the interval of breathing.

Joseph Warren was wearing a very ordinary jacket and a white velvet scarf round his neck, which is very ordinary attire.

The only difference is that he wears a ring on his finger.

A ring that is full of mysticism, but does not need to be too concealed here.

On the ring, there is a skull imprint embossed on it. A compass with a forked foot is carved on the top of the skull. At the corner of the compass is a strange eye.

As usual, every time Joseph Warren speaks, he puts the odd accent on the preposition, sounding slightly eccentric but impassioned.

Unlike usual, Joseph Warren was preaching a book of ancient Greece.

"It is not easy to build a Utopia. Under compromise, voter politics is the most suitable for New England."

"Plato believes that this perfect vote-based government, the optimal number of people, is 5040 people."

"It can ensure that the 5039 people below can hear every word of the person who preaches in front."

"These 5040 citizens, everyone is very familiar with each other, and knows everyone's morality, behavior, whether they are worthy of respect and trust in daily life..."

"The territory of the community should be sufficient to support a certain number of the most modest people, but no larger, and the population of the community should be sufficient to protect itself against aggression."

"5040 people is a perfect number..."

John Hancock went to Harvard. Although he first taught theology at Harvard, he had heard of Plato's "Laws" after all.

Plato's doctrine, reinterpreted here, after Joseph Warren's re-interpretation, made John Hancock nod frequently.

But it's just that if the group of people from the Dashun New School who stopped and listened here, they would not be very interested in these things.

This is not because of any nationality, any tradition or anything like that.

Rather, the economic base determines the superstructure.

Human consciousness exists on the basis of material reality.

In Boston, where all people are acquaintances, tens of thousands of people, and famous people know each other, and a society of acquaintances, talking about this is of course in line with the material reality at this time.

To a group of people who grew up with a society of hundreds of millions of people, relying on imperial examinations to select talents and maintain the system of Dashun, it is inevitable to feel that the beauty of Taohuayuan is beautiful, but it is unrealistic.

Lao Ma said: [In principle of economics, many people confuse the two extremely different types of private ownership. 】

[One is the private ownership of labor in which producers own the means of production based on their own labor. 】

[The other is based on the exploitation of the labor of others. 】

【The latter not only has to be in direct opposition to the former, but also has to develop entirely on the grave of the former】.

On the land of North America at this time, and from this time until the completion of the transformation in 1830, in fact, these two kinds of private ownership have always existed in a mixed form.

The special environment in North America, the cultivation and labor of the Puritans, the vast land, and the massacre and occupation of the aborigines made most of the colonists "only have enough capital for their own use."

The group of farmers, small producers, and petty bourgeois, relying on the reality and class foundation of North America at this time, is undoubtedly very easy to accept what Joseph Warren preached, Plato based on city-states and acquaintance society and family slavery The 5040 votes conceived are political.

Just as Russia once "suffered from both the development of capitalism and the underdevelopment of capitalism".

North America has experienced essentially the same thing, but in a different form.

Lao Ma said: [The deprivation of the people's land constitutes the basis of the capitalist production method. 】

[However, cultivation and colonization (colonization here refers to North America, not India), but most of the land belongs to the people.Every colonist can convert a part of that land into his own property, into his own means of production, without prejudice to the same activities of those who come after him. 】

【This is the secret of the prosperity and ills of colonies—resistance to capital colonization. 】

History is also following this path, rushing forward all the way.

As the land is gradually occupied, more and more immigrants, latecomers can accept lower wages, and more immigrants who do not have their own means of production and can only be employed by others gradually increase.

By the 1830s, it was marked by the fact that Jacob Astor, the richest man in the United States with US$2000 million, began to invest in New York real estate after he accumulated trade with China.

Those two kinds of private ownership that were confused finally separated the winners and losers, and finally shattered the political structure that these fathers in North America conceived based on the society of acquaintances and the private ownership of petty bourgeois owner farmers.

This is the beginning of a mighty capitalist development.

The private ownership based on the extraction of other people's labor has gradually replaced the private ownership based on one's own labor with higher productivity and production relations that are more in line with the level of productivity.

This is what Lao Ma said: capitalist private ownership must destroy private property based on one's own labor, and must deprive laborers, and this is the condition.

And this condition is manifested in different forms in different countries.

In North America, the large number of subsequent immigrants, land occupation by capital, and gradually unable to accommodate the perfect petty bourgeois yeoman society’s expanding population reached the threshold around 1830, and finally detonated the Civil War.

This is also the historical origin between Redneck and the North in later generations.

One is the consciousness derived from private ownership based on self-labor, which is essentially conservative petty bourgeois.

One is the consciousness derived from private ownership based on depriving others of the fruits of labor.

It's just that, as Lao Ma said, these two types of private ownership are often confused by people.

Even, in fact, at this time, the differences between these two kinds of private ownership have already begun to emerge.Because, at this time, the per capita asset in the southern villages was 392 pounds; while the per capita asset in the northern villages was only 200 pounds.

Including the later crossing of the Appalachian Mountains, going west, and the Homestead Act, etc., are all attempts to continue the cornerstone of the founding of the country.

The farther away from the city, the farther away from the plantation, the less people and more land, the deeper this original tradition will be.

It should be said that at the beginning of the founding of North America, the ideology based on the private ownership of small producers at that time needed to be patched more and more with the development of the times.

The self-organization derived from the community of acquaintance society and the ideology of small producers at the grassroots level; the contradictions and rifts between the interests of the empire itself and the big bourgeoisie.

In essence, it is the distortion produced by distorting these two kinds of private ownership and consolidating them into the concept of "private ownership".

When the "Book of Classics" was written, it was an era when small producers, self-cultivating farmers, and every laborer could obtain their own land and means of production.

This kind of scriptures will definitely have problems in the new era, which is inevitable.

One needs more population, more labor, and more intensive capital; the other needs an appropriate population, and can convert part of that land into its own private ownership and personal means of production, but it needs to add another Still harmless to the premise of the latecomers.

In a sense, Dashun's insistence on carve up North America this time can be regarded as a process of promoting history.

The land in the west is occupied, the land in the south is occupied, and the land in the north is occupied. The population base that can be accommodated by the thirteen states "can transform part of that land into their own private ownership and into personal means of production" The threshold is less.

In other words, it would take less than the 1830s for a population stripped of the means of production to develop a truly capitalist productive population.The industrialization of North America and the industrial development that breaks the ownership of small producers will also be greatly advanced.

One hundred acres of land and ten cows, who will work in the factory?

Dashun will never allow people from the east coast to cross the Appalachian Mountains to find new settlements, so as to ensure that more people own their own land.

Because Dashun is also using a similar method to try to let the people of Dashun on the west coast have their own land for reclamation.

This [prosperity and ills of colonies—resistance to capital colonization—the essence] is the economic basis of all these things that Joseph Warren preached at this time.

Because these things are really in line with the economic foundation of the east coast of North America at this time, so attractive and in line with people's vision of an ideal country at this time.

It's not wrong, it's not even out of character.

But its problem is that it is too timely.

Because of the appearance of Dashun and Liu Yu's idea of ​​trying to lure trans-Pacific immigrants with gold mines, this "opportunity period" has been greatly shortened.

In any case, what Joseph Warren said at this time is a good thing.It is also a correct choice based on the economic foundation and material conditions at this time.

Of course, this is also conducive to Dashun's sales.The consumption power of small producers and owner farmers is still very high.

(End of this chapter)